Posttraumatic Orbital Emphysema: A Numerical Model

Andrzej Skorek; Paweł Kłosowski; Łukasz Plichta; Dorota Raczyńska; Marcin Adam Zmuda Trzebiatowski; Paweł Lemski

doi:10.1155/2014/231436

Posttraumatic Orbital Emphysema: A Numerical Model

Abstract

Orbital emphysema is a common symptom accompanying orbital fracture. The pathomechanism is still not recognized and the usually assumed cause, elevated pressure in the upper airways connected with sneezing or coughing, does not always contribute to the occurrence of this type of fracture. Observations based on the finite model (simulating blowout type fracture) of the deformations of the inferior orbital wall after a strike in its lower rim. Authors created a computer numeric model of the orbit with specified features—thickness and resilience modulus. During simulation an evenly spread 14400 N force was applied to the nodular points in the inferior rim (the maximal value not causing cracking of the outer rim, but only ruptures in the inferior wall). The observation was made from 1*10^-3 to 1*10^-2 second after a strike. Right after a strike dislocations of the inferior orbital wall toward the maxillary sinus were observed. Afterwards a retrograde wave of the dislocation of the inferior wall toward the orbit was noticed. Overall dislocation amplitude reached about 6 mm. Based on a numeric model of the orbit submitted to a strike in the inferior wall an existence of a retrograde shock wave causing orbital emphysema has been found.

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Authors (6)

Andrzej Skorek
- Medical University of Gdansk Otolaryngology Department
Paweł Kłosowski prof. dr hab. inż.
Łukasz Plichta
- Medical University of Gdansk Otolaryngology Department,
Dorota Raczyńska
- Medical University of Gdansk Ophthalmology Department
Marcin Adam Zmuda Trzebiatowski (formerly: Marcin Zmuda Trzebiatowski) dr inż.
Paweł Lemski
- Medical University of Gdansk Otolaryngology Department

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DOI:: Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1155/2014/231436
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Details

Category:: Articles
Type:: artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
Published in:: Journal of Ophthalmology no. 2014, pages 1 - 5,
ISSN: 2090-004X
Language:: English
Publication year:: 2014
Bibliographic description:: Skorek A., Kłosowski P., Plichta Ł., Raczyńska D., Zmuda Trzebiatowski M., Lemski P.: Posttraumatic Orbital Emphysema: A Numerical Model// Journal of Ophthalmology. -Vol. 2014, (2014), s.1-5
DOI:: Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1155/2014/231436
Verified by:: Gdańsk University of Technology