Abstract
The fly ash microspheres (FAMs) formed during the mineral transformation stage in coal combustion are hollow spherical particles with a density less than water. This paper presents the results of X‐ray micro‐computed tomography and an automatic image analysis system of the porosity in the structure of hardened concrete with microspheres. Concrete mixtures with ordinary Portland cement and two substitution rates of cement by microspheres—5% and 10%—are investigated. For all considered mixes, a constant water/binder ratio (w/b) equal to 0.50 was used. The distribution of the air voids and the compressive strength of the concrete were tested after 28 days. With the increasing mass of cement replacement by FAMs, the compressive strength decreases after 28 days. The total volume of the air voids in hardened concrete with fly ash microspheres tested by X‐ray varies from 5.1% to 7.4%. The closed pores constitute more than 80% of the total content of air pores. The study proves that the use of microspheres grains with specific dimensions has a significant impact on concrete porosity. Their application in concrete technology can be an alternative aeration solution for fresh concrete mixes and an effective method for utilization.
Citations
-
2 8
CrossRef
-
0
Web of Science
-
3 1
Scopus
Authors (2)
Cite as
Full text
- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- License
- open in new tab
Keywords
Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
-
Minerals
no. 10,
pages 1 - 12,
ISSN: 2075-163X - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Bibliographic description:
- Haustein E., Kuryłowicz-Cudowska A.: The Effect of Fly Ash Microspheres on the Pore Structure of Concrete// Minerals -Vol. 10,iss. 1 (2020), s.1-12
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/min10010058
- Bibliography: test
-
- Trofimov, B.Y.; Kramar, L.Y.; Schuldyakov, K.V. On deterioration mechanism of concrete exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2017, 262, 1-7. open in new tab
- Pogorelov, S.N.; Semenyak, G.S. Frost resistance of the steel fiber reinforced concrete containing active mineral additives. Procedia Eng. 2016, 150, 1491-1495. open in new tab
- EN 206-1. Concrete Part. 1: Specification, Performance, Production and Conformity; European Standards, European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2003. open in new tab
- Nowak-Michta, A. Influence of superplasticizer on porosity structures in hardened concretes. Procedia Eng. 2015, 108, 262-269. open in new tab
- Fenelonov, V.B.; Mel'gunov, M.S.; Parmon, V.N. The properties of cenospheres and the mechanism of their formation during high-temperature coal combustion at thermal power plans. Kona Powder Part. J. 2010, 28, 189-208. open in new tab
- Drozhzhin, V.S.; Shpirt, M.Ya.; Danilin, L.D.; Kuvaev, M.D.; Pikulin, I.V.; Potemkin, G.A.; Redyushev, S.A. Formation processes and main properties of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres in fly ash from thermal power stations. Solid Fuel Chem. 2008, 42, 107-119. open in new tab
- Haustein, E. The selected physico-chemical properties of microspheres and possibility of their use in cement composites. Compos. Theory Pract. 2016, 16, 25-29.
- Acar, I.; Atalay, M.U.; Recovery potentials of cenospheres from bituminous coal fly ashes. Fuel 2016, 180, 97-105. open in new tab
- Żyrkowski, M.; Neto, R.C.; Santos, L.F.; Witkowski, K. Characterization of fly-ash cenospheres from coal- fired power plant unit. Fuel 2016, 174, 49-53. open in new tab
- Ranjbar, N.; Kuenzel, C. Cenospheres: A review. Fuel 2017, 207, 1-12. open in new tab
- Fomenko, E.V.; Anshits, N.N.; Vasilieva, N.G.; Mikhaylova, O.A.; Rogovenko, E.S.; Zhizhaev, A.M.; Anshits, A.G. Characterization of fly ash cenospheres produced from the combustion of Ekibastuz coal. Energy Fuels 2015, 29, 5390-5403. open in new tab
- Liu, H., Sun, Q., Wang, B., Wang, P., Zou, J., Morphology and Composition of Microspheres in Fly Ash from the Luohuang Power Plant, Chongqing, Southwestern China. Minerals 2016, 6, 30. open in new tab
- Kurpinska, M.; Kułak, L. Predicting Performance of Lightweight Concrete with Granulated Expanded Glass and Ash Aggregate by Means of Using Artificial Neural Networks. Materials 2019 12, 2002. open in new tab
- Kurpińska, M.; Grzyl, B.; Pszczola, M.; Kristowski, A. The Application of Granulated Expanded Glass Aggregate with Cement Grout as an Alternative Solution for Sub-Grade and Frost-Protection Sub-Base Layer in Road Construction. Materials 2019, 12, 3528. open in new tab
- Kurpińska, M.; Ferenc, T. Application of lightweight cement composite with foamed glass aggregate in shell structures. Shell Struct. Theory Appl. 2018, 4, 549-552. open in new tab
- Liu, F.; Wang, J.; Hollingsworth, J. Internal curing of high performance concrete using cenospheres. Cem. Concr. Res. 2017, 95, 39-46. open in new tab
- Hanif, A.; Lu, Z.; Li, Z. Utilization of ash cenosphere as lighweight filler in cement-based composites-A review. Constr. Build. Mater. 2017, 144, 373-384. open in new tab
- Kuryłowicz-Cudowska, A. Determination of Thermophysical Parameters Involved in The Numerical Model to Predict the Temperature Field of Cast-In-Place Concrete Bridge Deck. Materials 2019, 12, 3089. open in new tab
- Mariak, A.; Kurpińska, M.; Wilde, K. Maturity curve for estimating the in-place strength of high performance concrete. MATEC Web Conf. 2019, 262, 06007. open in new tab
- Plessis, A.; Olawuyi, B.J.; Boshoff, W.P.; Roux, S.G. Simple and fast porosity analysis of concrete using X- ray computed tomography. Mater. Struct. 2016, 49, 553-562. open in new tab
- EN 197-1. Cement. Part. 1: Composition, Specifications and Conformity Criteria for Common Cements; European Standards; European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2012. open in new tab
- EN 12390-3. Testing Hardened Concrete. Part. 3: Compressive Strength of Test Specimens; European Standards; open in new tab
- European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2019. open in new tab
- EN 196-2. Methods of Testing Cement. Part. 2: Chemical Analysis of Cement; European Standards; European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2013. open in new tab
- ISO 13320:2009. Particle Size Analysis-Laser Diffraction Methods. Part. I: General Principles; International Organization for Standardization; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2009. open in new tab
- Skarzynski, Ł.; Tejchman, J. Experimental investigations of fracture process in concrete by means of X-ray micro-computed tomography. Strain 2016, 52, 26-45. open in new tab
- ASTM C457.C457 M. Standard Test. Method for Microscopical Determination of Parameters of the Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete; ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2012. open in new tab
- IUPAC. Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units; Butterworths: London, UK, 1972.
- EN 450-1. Fly Ash for Concrete. Part. 1: Definition, Specifications and Conformity Criteria; European Standards; open in new tab
- European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2012. open in new tab
- ASTM C618. Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete; ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2019. open in new tab
- Powers, T.C. Air requirement of frost-resistant concrete. Proc. Highw. Res. Board 1949, 29, 184-211. open in new tab
- Lindquist, W.; Montney, R. Comparison of spacing factors as measured by the air-void analyzer and ASTM C457. Int. J. Pavement Eng. 2019, 20, 1-8. open in new tab
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
seen 162 times