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Unconditionally blue: Curing epoxy with polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface-functionalized Zn Fe3-O4 magnetic nanoparticles
Abstract
Nanoparticles govern early (chemical-controlled) and late (diffusion-controlled) stages of epoxy crosslinking, respectively. Surface functionalization of nanoparticles with macromolecules was recognized as an effective route to compensate for inadequate diffusion-controlled crosslinking. However, the effect of bulk composition amended with cations having catalytic effect towards epoxy ring opening has remained hitherto undescribed. In this work, cathodic electrochemical method was applied to obtain naked iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), polyethylene glycol (PEG) capped IONPs (PEG-IONPs) and zinc-doped IONPs (Zn-doped PEG-IONPs) for evaluation of the effects of surface (alone) and surface-bulk (concurrent) modification of IONPs. Various techniques including FTIR, XRD, VSM, and FE-SEM were employed to probe into changes in the surface and bulk of nanoparticles. Cure Index calculated based on nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) allowed for labeling epoxy nanocomposites as Poor (Red) or Good (Blue) cured networks. Partial substitution of Fe2+ cations by Zn2+ in the bulk of Zn-doped PEG-IONPs with respect to PEG-IONPs labeled their corresponding epoxy nanocomposites in Blue and Red. Although at low and high heating rates epoxy/PEG-IONPs was labeled Red, epoxy/Zn-doped PEG-IONPs nanocomposites was unconditionally labeled Blue thanks to a more significant catalytic effect springing from Zn2+ cations in Zn-doped IONPs compared to hydroxyl groups alone in PEG-IONPs.
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Authors (11)
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Maryam Jouyandeh
- University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry
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Samir M. Hamad
- Soran University, Soran, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Scientific Research Center
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Isa Karimzadeh
- Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Faculty of Physics
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Mustafa Aghazadeh
- University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry
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Zohre Karami
- University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry
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Vahideh Akbari
- Institute for Color Science and Technology,Tehran, Iran Department of Resin and Additives
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Farnaz Shammiry
- Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering
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Mohammad Saeb
- Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Resin and Additives
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Zahra Ranjbar
- Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Department of Surface Coating and Corrosion
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Mohammad Ganjali
- University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry
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Keywords
Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
-
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
no. 137,
ISSN: 0300-9440 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Bibliographic description:
- Jouyandeh M., Hamad S., Karimzadeh I., Aghazadeh M., Karami Z., Akbari V., Shammiry F., Formela K., Saeb M., Ranjbar Z., Ganjali M.: Unconditionally blue: Curing epoxy with polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface-functionalized Zn Fe3-O4 magnetic nanoparticles// PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS -Vol. 137, (2019), s.105285-
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105285
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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