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Checkpoints that regulate balanced biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide and its essentiality in Escherichia coli
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, is essential for their viability. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) constitutes the major component of OM, providing the permeability barrier, and a tight balance exists between LPS and phospholipids amounts as both of these essential components use a common metabolic precursor. Hence, checkpoints are in place, right from the regulation of the first committed step in LPS biosynthesis mediated by LpxC through its turnover by FtsH and HslUV proteases in coordination with LPS assembly factors LapB and LapC. After the synthesis of LPS on the inner leaflet of the inner membrane (IM), LPS is flipped by the IM-located essential ATP-dependent transporter to the periplasmic face of IM, where it is picked up by the LPS transport complex spanning all three components of the cell en-velope for its delivery to OM. MsbA exerts its intrinsic hydrocarbon ruler function as another checkpoint to transport hexa-acylated LPS as compared to underacylated LPS. Additional checkpoints in LPS assembly are: LapB-assisted coupling of LPS synthesis and translocation; car-diolipin presence when LPS is underacylated; the recruitment of RfaH transcriptional factor en-suring the transcription of LPS core biosynthetic genes; and the regulated incorporation of non-stoichiometric modifications, controlled by the stress-responsive RpoE sigma factor, small RNAs and two-component systems.
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- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/ijms23010189
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- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
no. 23,
ISSN: 1661-6596 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Bibliographic description:
- Klein-Raina G., Wieczorek A., Szuster M., Raina S.: Checkpoints that regulate balanced biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide and its essentiality in Escherichia coli// INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES -Vol. 23,iss. 1 (2022), s.189-
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/ijms23010189
- Sources of funding:
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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