Discrete and continuous fractional persistence problems – the positivity property and applications

Jacky Cresson; Anna Szafrańska

doi:10.1016/j.cnsns.2016.07.016

Discrete and continuous fractional persistence problems – the positivity property and applications

Abstract

In this article, we study the continuous and discrete fractional persistence problem which looks for the persistence of properties of a given classical (α=1) differential equation in the fractional case (here using fractional Caputo’s derivatives) and the numerical scheme which are associated (here with discrete Grünwald–Letnikov derivatives). Our main concerns are positivity, order preserving ,equilibrium points and stability of these points. We formulate explicit conditions under which a fractional system preserves positivity. We deduce also sufficient conditions to ensure order preserving. We deduce from these results a fractional persistence theorem which ensures that positivity, order preserving, equilibrium points and stability is preserved under a Caputo fractional embedding of a given differential equation. At the discrete level, the problem is more complicated. Following a strategy initiated by R. Mickens dealing with non local approximations, we define a non standard finite difference scheme for fractional differential equations based on discrete Grünwald–Letnikov derivatives, which preserves positivity unconditionally on the discretization increment. We deduce a discrete version of the fractional persistence theorem for what concerns positivity and equilibrium points. We then apply our results to study a fractional prey–predator model introduced by Javidi et al.

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Category:: Articles
Type:: artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
Published in:: Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation no. 44, pages 424 - 448,
ISSN: 1007-5704
Language:: English
Publication year:: 2017
Bibliographic description:: Cresson J., Szafrańska A.: Discrete and continuous fractional persistence problems – the positivity property and applications// Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. -Vol. 44, (2017), s.424-448
DOI:: Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1016/j.cnsns.2016.07.016
Verified by:: Gdańsk University of Technology