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In-Out Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) for Excellent Cure of Epoxy: Chemistry and Kinetics Modeling
Abstract
In-out surface modification of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) has been successfully performed by taking advantage of 8-hydroxyquinolines in the lumen of HNTs and precisely synthesized aniline oligomers (AO) of different lengths (tri- and pentamer) anchored on the external surface of the HNTs. Several analyses, including FTIR, H-NMR, TGA, UV-visible spectroscopy, and SEM, were used to establish the nature of the HNTs’ surface engineering. Nanoparticles were incorporated into epoxy resin at 0.1 wt.% loading for investigation of the contribution of surface chemistry to epoxy cure behavior and kinetics. Nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data were fed into home-written MATLAB codes, and isoconversional approaches were used to determine the apparent activation energy (Eα) as a function of the extent of cure reaction (α). Compared to pristine HNTs, AO-HNTs facilitated the densification of an epoxy network. Pentamer AO-HNTs with longer arms promoted an Excellent cure; with an Eα value that was 14% lower in the presence of this additive than for neat epoxy, demonstrating an enhanced cross-linking. The model also predicted a triplet of cure (m, n, and ln A) for autocatalytic reaction order, non-catalytic reaction order, and pre-exponential factor, respectively, by the Arrhenius equation. The enhanced autocatalytic reaction in AO-HNTs/epoxy was reflected in a significant rise in the value of m, from 0.11 to 0.28. Kinetic models reliably predict the cure footprint suggested by DSC measurements.
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Authors (7)
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Shahab Moghari
- University of Tehran
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Seyed Hassan Jafari
- University of Tehran
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Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- University of Tehran
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Maryam Jouyandeh
- University of Tehran
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Payam Zarrintaj
- Oklahoma State University
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Full text
- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/nano11113078
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Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
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Nanomaterials
no. 11,
ISSN: 2079-4991 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Bibliographic description:
- Moghari S., Jafari S. H., Yazdi M. K., Jouyandeh M., Hejna A., Zarrintaj P., Saeb M.: In-Out Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) for Excellent Cure of Epoxy: Chemistry and Kinetics Modeling// Nanomaterials -Vol. 11,iss. 11 (2021), s.3078-
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/nano11113078
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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