Methodology for Carrying Out Measurements of the Tombolo Geomorphic Landform Using Unmanned Aerial and Surface Vehicles near Sopot Pier, Poland

Cezary Specht; Oktawia Lewicka; Mariusz Specht; Paweł Dąbrowski; Paweł Burdziakowski

doi:10.3390/jmse8060384

Methodology for Carrying Out Measurements of the Tombolo Geomorphic Landform Using Unmanned Aerial and Surface Vehicles near Sopot Pier, Poland

Abstract

The human impact on the ecosystem has been particularly evident in the last century; it transforms the Earth’s surface on an unprecedented scale and brings about irreversible changes. One example is an oceanographic phenomenon known as a tombolo, i.e., a narrow belt connecting the mainland with an island lying near the shore formed as a result of sand and gravel being deposited by sea currents. The phenomenon contributes to an increase in the biogenic substance content in the littoral zone, which leads to increased cyanobacteria blooming in the summer period. Moreover, the debris accumulation in the littoral zone results in the mud formation, which makes the beach landscape less attractive. One of the main features of the tombolo phenomenon is its variability of shape, which includes the form of both the shore and the seabed adjacent to it. Therefore, to describe its size and spatio-temporal variability, it is necessary to apply methods for geodetic (the land) and hydrographic (the sea) measurements that can be carried out in different ways. The aim of the paper is to present the methodology for carrying out measurements of the tombolo oceanographic phenomenon using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV) on the example of a waterbody adjacent to the Sopot pier. It also presents the results of surveys carried out in November 2019 within this area. The study demonstrated that the integration of two measuring devices whose development began in the second decade of the 20th century, i.e., UAVs and USVs, enables accurate (even up to several centimeters) and reliable determination of the scale and variability of the phenomena occurring in the littoral zone.

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Authors (5)

Cezary Specht
Oktawia Lewicka mgr
Mariusz Specht dr inż.
Paweł Dąbrowski dr inż.
Paweł Burdziakowski dr inż.

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Category:: Articles
Type:: artykuły w czasopismach
Published in:: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering no. 8,
ISSN: 2077-1312
Language:: English
Publication year:: 2020
Bibliographic description:: Specht C., Lewicka O., Specht M., Dąbrowski P., Burdziakowski P.: Methodology for Carrying Out Measurements of the Tombolo Geomorphic Landform Using Unmanned Aerial and Surface Vehicles near Sopot Pier, Poland// Journal of Marine Science and Engineering -Vol. 8,iss. 6 (2020), s.384-
DOI:: Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/jmse8060384
Verified by:: Gdańsk University of Technology