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Red Kale (Brassica oleracea L. ssp. acephala L. var. sabellica) Induces Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro
Abstract
This article presents the results of studies investigating the effect of red kale (Brassica oleracea L. ssp. acephala L. var. sabellica) extract on cancer cells (HT-29). The cytotoxicity of the red kale extract was assessed using MTT and LDH assays, while qRT-PCR was employed to analyze the expression of genes associated with the p53 signaling pathway to elucidate the effect of the extract on cancer cells. Furthermore, HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was applied to identify bioactive com- pounds present in red kale. The obtained results indicated that red kale extract reduced the viability and suppressed the proliferation of HT-29 cells (the IC50 value of 60.8 μg/mL). Additionally, mRNA expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of several genes, i.e., casp9, mapk10, mapk11, fas, kat2 b, and ubd, suggesting the induction of cell apoptosis through the caspase-dependent path- way. Interestingly, the study revealed a decrease in the expression of genes including cdk2 and cdk4 encoding cell cycle-related proteins, which may lead to cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the study identified certain bioactive compounds, such as sinigrin, spirostanol, hesperetin and usam- barensine, which could potentially contribute to the apoptotic effect of red kale extracts. However, further investigations are necessary to elucidate the specific role of these individual compounds in the anti-cancer process.
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Authors (7)
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Kamila Rachwał
- Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
-
Iwona Niedźwiedź
- Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Adam Waśko
- Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
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Magdalena Polak-Berecka
- Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Full text
- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/molecules28196938
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Keywords
Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach dostępnych w wersji elektronicznej [także online]
- Published in:
-
MOLECULES
ISSN: 1420-3049 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2023
- Bibliographic description:
- Rachwał K., Niedźwiedź I., Waśko A., Laskowski T., Szczeblewski P., Kukula-Koch W., Polak-Berecka M., Red Kale (Brassica oleracea L. ssp. acephala L. var. sabellica) Induces Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro, MOLECULES, 2023,10.3390/molecules28196938
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/molecules28196938
- Sources of funding:
-
- COST_FREE
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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