Social convergence in Nordic countries at regional level - Publication - Bridge of Knowledge

Your account

login

Search

Social convergence in Nordic countries at regional level

Abstract

Research background: Geographical proximity, common historical roots and collaboration within the Nordic Council cause the Nordic countries to be often wrongly treated as monoliths. However, in reality, Nordic regions differ in terms of broadly defined social and economic development. Issues concerning the standard of living are one of the priorities of the Helsinki Treaty signed by Nordic countries. Purpose of the article: The main goal of this paper is to analyze the existence of the social convergence in the Nordic NUTS-3 regions over the 2000–2015 period. The social convergence refers to a reduction in the dispersion of the standard of living across regions. The results of this analysis may be helpful in evaluating the efficiency of the activities under third and fourth Nordic Strategy for Sustainable Development. Methods: The spatial taxonomic measure of development proposed by Pietrzak was used as the standard of living approximation. Inclusion of spatial relationships in the construction of taxonomic measure of development is justified as regions are not isolated in space and can be affected by other units. The existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma convergence was tested for global spatial aggregate measure and as well for sub-groups of determinants forming the standard of living. Findings & Value added: The analysis showed that the regions with the highest standard of living are those situated on the west coast of Norway. Regions with the lowest standard of living were the ones located in central Finland. However, the most important part of this research was to investigate the existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma- social convergence. The results show that there is no convergence for global standard of living measure. However, the convergence occurs in groups of determinants of education and health care.

Citations

  • 6

    CrossRef

  • 0

    Web of Science

  • 1 5

    Scopus

Author (1)

Cite as

Full text

download paper
downloaded 60 times
Publication version
Accepted or Published Version
License
Creative Commons: CC-BY-ND open in new tab

Keywords

Details

Category:
Articles
Type:
artykuły w czasopismach recenzowanych i innych wydawnictwach ciągłych
Published in:
EQUILIBRIUM Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy no. 12, edition 1, pages 25 - 41,
ISSN: 1689-765X
Language:
English
Publication year:
2017
Bibliographic description:
Kuc M.: Social convergence in Nordic countries at regional level// EQUILIBRIUM. -Vol. 12., iss. 1 (2017), s.25-41
DOI:
Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.24136/eq.v12i1.2
Bibliography: test
  1. A good life in a sustainable Nordic region. Nordic strategy for sustainable devel- opment (2013). Retrieved from http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2: 701472/FULLTEXT01.pdf. (15.07.2015). open in new tab
  2. Anioł, W. (2013). Szlak Norden. Modernizacja po skandynawsku. Elipsa Dom Wydawniczy.
  3. Antczak, E. (2013). Przestrzenny taksonomiczny miernik rozwoju. Wiadomości Statystyczne, 7. open in new tab
  4. Balcerzak, A. P. (2015). Europe 2020 strategy and structural diversity between old and new member states. Application of zero-unitarizatin method for dynamic analysis in the years 2004-2013. Economics & Sociology, 8(2). doi: 10.14254/2071-789X.2015/8-2/14. open in new tab
  5. Balcerzak, A. P. (2016). Multiple-criteria evaluation of quality of human capital in the European Union countries. Economics & Sociology, 9(2). doi: 10.14254/2071-789X.2016/9-2/1. open in new tab
  6. Balcerzak, A. P., & Pietrzak, M. P. (2016a). Application of TOPSIS method for analysis of sustainable development in European union countries. In T. Loster & T. Pavelka (Eds.). The 10th international days of statistics and economics. Conference proceedings. September 8-10, 2016. Prague: Libuse Macakova, Melandrium. Retrieved form: http://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/pesecchap /19.htm (02.11.2016).
  7. Balcerzak, A. P., & Pietrzak, M. B. (2016b). Quality of human capital in European Union in the years 2004-2013. Application of structural equation modeling. In M. Reiff & P. Gezik (Eds.). Proceedings of the international scientific confer- ence quantitative methods in economics multiple criteria decision making XVIII. Vratna: Letra Interactive. Retrieved form: http://econpapers.repec.org/ bookchap/pesecchap/14.htm. (01.11.2017). open in new tab
  8. Barro, R., & Sala-i-Matin, X. (1992). Convergence. Journal of Political Economy, 100. doi: 10.1086/261816. open in new tab
  9. Berbeka, J. (2006). Konwergencja gospodarcza a konwergencja społeczna krajów Unii Europejskiej (15) w latach 1985-2002. In M. Woźniak (Ed.). Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy w dobie globalizacji i regionalizacji. Rzeszów: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.
  10. Boyle, G. E., & McCarthy, T. G. (1999). Simple measures of convergence in per capita GDP: A note on some further international evidence. Applied Economics Letter, 6(6). doi: 10.1080/135048599353041. open in new tab
  11. Buccellato, T. (2007). Convergence across Russian regions: a spatial econometrics approach. Economics Working Paper, 72.
  12. Bywalec, C., & Wydymus, S. (1992). Poziom życia ludności Polski w porównaniu z krajami europejskiej wspólnoty gospodarczej. Ekonomista, 5/6.
  13. Clarke, M. (2005). Assessing well-being using hierarchical needs. World Institute for Development Economics Research Research Paper, 22. Retrieved from http://www.rrojasdatabank.info/unurp05/rp2005-22_1.pdf. (19.04.2014). open in new tab
  14. Daly, H. E., & Cobb, J. B. Jr. (1990). For the common good. Redirecting economy towards community, the environment and a sustainable future. London: Beacon Press.
  15. Fingleton, B., & Lopez-Bazo, E. (2006). Empirical growth models with spatial effects. Papers in Regional Science. Regional Science Association Internation- al. doi: 10.1111/j.1435-5957.2006.00074.x. Global peace index 2015. Measuring peace, its causes and its economic value (2015). Institute for Economic&Peace. Retrieved from http://economics andpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Global-Peace-Index-Report-2015_ 0.pdf (16.10.2016). open in new tab
  16. Griffith, D. A. (1996). Some guidelines for specifying the geographic weights matrix contained. In S. L. Arlinghaus (Ed.). Practical handbook of spatial sta- tistics. CRC Press. open in new tab
  17. Hobijn, B., & Franses, P. H. (2001). Are living standards converging? Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 12. open in new tab
  18. Hilson, M. (2008). The Nordic model. Scandinavia scine 1945. London: Reaktion Books Ltd. Human development report 2015. Work for human development (2015). Retrieved from http://report.hdr.undp.org. (16.10.2016). open in new tab
  19. Khan, H. (1991). Measurement and determinants of socioeconomic development: a critical conspectus. Social Indicator Research, 24(2). doi: 10.1007/BF00 300358. open in new tab
  20. Kuc, M. (2014). The implementation of the taxonomic spatial measure of devel- opment in the analysis of convergence in the standard of living. Acta Universi- tatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica, 6(309). doi: 11089/21. open in new tab
  21. Kuc, M. (2015). Wpływ sposobu definiowania macierzy wag przestrzennych na wynik porządkowania liniowego państw Unii Europejskiej pod względem po- ziomu życia ludności. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu -Research Papers of Wrocław University of Economics, 384. open in new tab
  22. LeSage, J. P. (1999). The theory and practice of spatial econometrics. Retrieved from http://www.spatial-econometrics.com/html/sbook.pdf. (03.12.2013). open in new tab
  23. Molina, G. G., & Purser, M. (2010). Human development trends since 1970: a social convergence story. UNDP-HDRO. Occasional Papers, 2.
  24. Neumayer, E. (2003). Beyond income: convergence in living standards, big time. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 14. doi: 10.1016/S0954- 349X(02)00047-4. open in new tab
  25. OECD Better life index (2013). Retrieved from www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. (13.02.2014). open in new tab
  26. Pietrzak, M. B. (2014). Taksonomiczny miernik rozwoju (TMR) z uwzględnieniem zależności przestrzennych. Przegląd Statystyczny, 2.
  27. Pietrzak, M. B. (2016a). The problem of inclusion of spatial dependence within the TOPSIS method. Mountenegrin Journal of Economics, 12(3). doi: 10.14254/1800-5845.2016/12-3/5. open in new tab
  28. Pietrzak, M. B. (2016b). Zastosowanie przestrzennego taksonomicznego miernika rozwoju (pTMR) w analizie rynku pracy w Polsce. Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszy- ty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach, 291.
  29. Pietrzak, M. B., & Balcerzak, A. P. (2016a). Assessment of socio-economic sus- tainability in new European Union members states in the years 2004-2012. In M. Papież & S. Śmiech (Eds.). The 10th professor Aleksander Zelias interna- tional conference on modelling and forecasting of socio-economic phenomena. Conference proceedings. Cracow: Foundation of the Cracow University of Economics. Retrieved from: http://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/pesecchap /11.htm (11.11.2016).
  30. Pietrzak. M. B., & Balcerzak, A. P. (2016b). Socio-economic sustainability in Poland. SEM analysis at regional level. In T. Kliestik (Ed.). 16th international scientific conference globalization and its socio-economic consequences. Uni- versity of Zilina, The Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communication, Department of Economics, 5th -6th October 2016. (Part IV.).
  31. Pietrzak, M. B., Wilk, J., Bivand, R., & Kossowski, T. (2014a). The application of local indicators for categorical data (LICD) in identifying of spatial depend- ences in the analysis of socio-economic development. Comparative Economic Research. Central and Easter Europe, 17(4). open in new tab
  32. Pietrzak, M. B., Wilk, J., Kossowki, T., & Bivand, R., (2014b). The identification of spatial dependence in the analysis of regional economic development -join- count test application. In M. Papież & Śmiech (Eds.). Proceedings of the 8 th professor Aleksander Zelias international conference on modelling and fore- casting of socio-economic phenomena. Cracow: Foundation of the Cracow University of Economics. open in new tab
  33. Puss, T., Viies, M., & Maldre, R. (2003). Convergence analysis in social protection expenditure in the European Union. Retrieved from http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive /00001559/01/convergenceanalysis.pdf. (09.10.2013).
  34. Sala-i-Matin, X. (1996). The classicial approach to convergence analysis. Econo- mic Journal, 106. open in new tab
  35. Sobolewski, M., Migała-Warchoł, A., & Mentel, G. (2014). Ranking poziomu życia w powiatach w latach 2003-2012 z uwzględnieniem korelacji przestrzen- nych. Acta Universitatis Lodziensis, Folia Oeconomica, 6(308).
  36. Stiglitz, J. E., Sen, A., & Fitoussi, J. (2009). Report by the commission on the measurement of economic performance and social progress. Retrieved from http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr (21.05.2013).
  37. The global competitiveness report 2015-2016 (2015). Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2015-2016. (16.10.2016). open in new tab
  38. The Helsinki treaty (1962). Retrieved from http://www.norden.org/en/om- samarbejdet-1/nordic-agreements/treaties-and-agreements/basic-agreement/the- helsinki-treaty (14.11.2015). open in new tab
  39. The legatum prosperity index ranking 2015 (2015). Retrieved from http://media.prosperity.com/2015/pdf/publications/PI2015Brochure_WEB.pdf. (16.10.2016). open in new tab
  40. The lottery of live. Where to be born in 2013 (2013). Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/21566430-where-be-born-2013-lottery-life. (13.02.2014). open in new tab
  41. Tobler, W. R. (1970). A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region. Economic Geography, 46. doi: 10.2307/143141. open in new tab
  42. Vu, J., Wu, G., Zhou, Q., & Li, M., (2014). Spatial variation of regional sustaina- ble development and its relationship to the allocation of science and technology resources. Sustainability, 6(9). doi:10.3390/su6096400. World happiness report 2016. Volume I (2016). Retrieved from http://worldhappiness.report/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/03/HR-V1_we b.pdf. (16.10.2016). World happiness report 2017 (2017). Retrieved from http://worldhappiness.report/ed/2017/ (27.03.2017). open in new tab
Verified by:
Gdańsk University of Technology

seen 159 times

Recommended for you

Social Convergence in Nordic NUTS-3 Regions

2017

The Implementation of the Taxonomic Spatial Measure of Development in the Analysis of Convergence in the Standard of Living

2014

The use of Markov chains in the social convergence analysis

2015

IS THE REGIONAL DIVERGENCE A PRICE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL CONVERGENCE? THE CASE OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP

2017
Meta Tags