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Ultra-Wideband Vivaldi Antenna with an Integrated Noise-Rejecting Parasitic Notch Filter for Online Partial Discharge Detection
Abstract
Power transformers and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) play crucial roles in electrical power grids. However, they may suffer from degradation of insulation material due to wear and tear, leading to their imminent failure. Partial discharges (PDs) are an initial sign of insulation materials degradation which emit signals spanning various physical domains, including electromagnetic. PDs are temporally narrow, high-frequency, stochastic radiation sources. The Ultra-Wideband Vivaldi Antenna is the key element for the detection of PDs in power transformers and gas-insulated switchgear. However, they may be subject to different interference environments due to external sources of telecommunication radiation noise occupying the 2.4 GHz – 2.5 GHz band. Noise mixing with PD signals is challenging to resolve, especially for external sensors. Wi-Fi and Bluetooth signals from mobile devices easily overshadow faint PD signals. Band-reject frequency filters may be attached to the antenna, often at the detriment of the insertion loss. The integrated filter does not require any additional post-processing, making it less computationally demanding for smaller processors used in practice. Wi-Fi and Bluetooth degrade the PD signal, necessitating an integrated analog notch filter for noise removal. Therefore, an external ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi antenna with an integrated noise-rejecting parasitic notch filter is designed, fabricated, and tested to detect PDs in electrical assets such as transformers, power cables, and GIS, with GIS being the focus in the experimental validation in this study. A comparative study of the proposed antenna is presented. This paper proposed an antenna that is designed to provide coverage of 95.516% of the 0.226 GHz – 3.506 GHz frequency band, with an average return loss of -16.04 dB and a peak gain of 5.5 in the working band, excluding the notched band. The peak return loss in the 2.4 GHz – 2.5 GHz rejection band is -2.68 dB, with an average attenuation of -35.74 dB. This wide coverage is demonstrated in this paper using simulation and experimentally.
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Authors (6)
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Sayed Mohammad Kameli
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Shady S. Refaat
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Haitham Abu-Rub dr
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Ahmad Darwish
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Ali Ghrayeb
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Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
no. 73,
pages 1 - 10,
ISSN: 0018-9456 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2024
- Bibliographic description:
- Kameli S. M., Refaat S. S., Abu-Rub H., Darwish A., Ghrayeb A., Olesz M.: Ultra-Wideband Vivaldi Antenna with an Integrated Noise-Rejecting Parasitic Notch Filter for Online Partial Discharge Detection// IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT -Vol. 73, (2024), s.1-10
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1109/tim.2024.3353284
- Sources of funding:
-
- Free publication
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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