Filters
total: 1665
filtered: 683
Search results for: eye%20tracking
-
Facial emotion recognition using depth data
PublicationIn this paper an original approach is presented for facial expression and emotion recognition based only on depth channel from Microsoft Kinect sensor. The emotional user model contains nine emotions including the neutral one. The proposed recognition algorithm uses local movements detection within the face area in order to recognize actual facial expression. This approach has been validated on Facial Expressions and Emotions Database...
-
Survey on Applications of Multimedia Technology to Examine Impact of Roadside Advertising on Drivers
PublicationThe correct location of ads, both static and moving, in close proximity of the roadway is an issue of high significance in the context of road safety. This publication aims to provide support in solving these issues by presenting a range of options for the implementation of extensive, multi-faceted research, using modern technology to allow an objective assessment of the risks arising from the presence of advertising spots in the...
-
Innovative Solutions for Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory
PublicationThe paper presents results of the work concerning the technical specification of Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory to be opened in late summer 2014 at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics at Gdańsk University of Technology in Poland. The person immersed in VR space will be placed in a transparent sphere with a diameter of over 10 feet, supported on rollers and equipped with a motion tracking system....
-
A Novel Approach to the Assessment of Cough Incidence
PublicationIn this paper we consider the problem of identication of cough events in patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases. The information about frequency of cough events is necessary to medical treatment. The proposed approach is based on bidirectional processing of a measured vibration signal - cough events are localized by combining the results of forward-time and backward-time analysis. The signal is at rst transformed...
-
Identification of models and signals robust to occasional outliers
PublicationIn this paper estimation algorithms derived in the sense of the least sum of absolute errors are considered for the purpose of identification of models and signals. In particular, off-line and approximate on-line estimation schemes discussed in the work are aimed at both assessing the coefficients of discrete-time stationary models and tracking the evolution of time-variant characteristics of monitored signals. What is interesting,...
-
Hand gesture recognition supported by fuzzy rules and Kalman filters
PublicationThe paper presents a system based on camera and multimediaprojector enabling a user to control computer applications by dynamic hand gestures. Gesture recognition methodology based on representing hand movement trajectory by motion vectors analysed using fuzzy rule-based inference is first given. For effective hand position tracking Kalman filters are employed. The system engineered is developed using J2SE and C++/OpenCV technology....
-
Weryfikacja algorytmów MPPT dla modułów fotowoltaicznych w warunkach przesłonięcia
PublicationIntensywny rozwój technologii powoduje obniżenie ceny modułów fotowoltaicznych i dedykowanych przetwornic. Podstawą opłacalności jest wysoka sprawność całego układu na którą składają się sprawności modułów, przetwornic oraz algorytmu śledzenia maksymalnej mocy (MPPT - Maximum Power Point Tracking). Znane i stosowane algorytmy mają MPPT sprawności od ok. 95 do 99%, o ile ogniwa mają identyczne parametry i są jednakowo nasłonecznione....
-
Algorytmy MPPT dla modułów fotowoltaicznych w warunkach przesłonięcia
PublicationIntensywny rozwój technologii powoduje obniżenie ceny modułów fotowoltaicznych i dedykowanych przetwornic. Podstawą opłacalności jest wysoka sprawność całego układu na którą składają się sprawności modułów, przetwornic oraz algorytmu śledzenia maksymalnej mocy (MPPT - Maximum Power Point Tracking). Znane i stosowane algorytmy mają MPPT sprawności od ok. 95 do 99%, o ile ogniwa mają identyczne parametry i są jednakowo nasłonecznione....
-
Implementation of DIFAR Processing in ASW Dipping Sonar
PublicationThis paper presents the implementation of the signal processing algorithm used by buoy DIFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording), that is fully operational on Polish Navy anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopters and ships, applied to dipping sonars for detection and tracking of submarines. The development of the DSP algorithms was a part of the modernization of sonars conducted at the Gdansk University of Technology....
-
Identification of continuous systems - Practical issues of insensitivity to perturbations
PublicationIn this paper the issue of continuous systems estimation, insensitive to certain perturbations, is discussed. Such an approach has rational advantages, especially when robust schemes are used to assist a target system responsible for industrial diagnostics. This requires that estimated model parameters are generated on-line, and their values are reliable and to a great extent accurate. Practical hints are suggested to challenge...
-
Identification of Continuous Systems - Practical Issues of Insensitivity to Perturbations
PublicationIn this paper the issue of continuous systems estimation, insensitive to certain perturbations, is discussed. Such an approach has rational advantages, especially when robust schemes are used to assist a target system responsible for industrial diagnostics. This requires that estimated model parameters are generated on-line, and their values are reliable and to a great extent accurate. Practical hints are suggested to challenge...
-
Application of regularized Savitzky–Golay filters to identification of time-varying systems
PublicationSavitzky–Golay (SG) filtering is a classical signal smoothing technique based on the local least squares approximation of the analyzed signal by a linear combination of known functions of time (originally — powers of time, which corresponds to polynomial approximation). It is shown that the regularized version of the SG algorithm can be successfully applied to identification of time-varying finite impulse response (FIR) systems....
-
Identification of nonstationary multivariate autoregressive processes– Comparison of competitive and collaborative strategies for joint selection of estimation bandwidth and model order
PublicationThe problem of identification of multivariate autoregressive processes (systems or signals) with unknown and possibly time-varying model order and time-varying rate of parameter variation is considered and solved using parallel estimation approach. Under this approach, several local estimation algorithms, with different order and bandwidth settings, are run simultaneously and compared based on their predictive performance. First,...
-
Decrease in Photovoltaic Module Efficiency Due to Deposition of Pollutants
PublicationThe deposition of pollutants on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) modules reduce the efficiency that can be achieved in given climatic conditions. This results in the loss of energy yield obtained from the solar installation. A number of factors determine the scale of this problem. The first of these is the amount of impurities deposited, the associated amount of precipitation, and the speed and direction of the wind. A second aspect...
-
Analysis of positioning methods using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Polish State Railways (PKP)
PublicationEach year, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) improve their accuracy, availability, continuity, integrity, and reliability. Due to these continual improvements, the systems are increasingly used in various modes of transport, including rail transport, the subject of this publication. GNSS are used for rail passenger information, rail traffic management, and rail traffic control. These applications differ in the positioning...
-
The Empirical Application of Automotive 3D Radar Sensor for Target Detection for an Autonomous Surface Vehicle’s Navigation
PublicationAvoiding collisions with other objects is one of the most basic safety tasks undertaken in the operation of floating vehicles. Addressing this challenge is essential, especially during unmanned vehicle navigation processes in autonomous missions. This paper provides an empirical analysis of the surface target detection possibilities in a water environment, which can be used for the future development of tracking and anti-collision...
-
Assessment of image processing methods for the determination of propagation of squat-type defects in rails
PublicationWe demonstrate the idea of squat-type defect measurement in the rail and the concept of tracking of the defect development using the techniques of image acquisition and image processing as well as the methods of metric spaces. We introduce the concepts of a set diameter δ(A) and the metric ρ1, which come from the properties of plane figures, to compare and to observe the development of the defects. We characterize the feasibility...
-
The influence of selenium addition during germination of Brassica seeds on health-promoting potential of sprouts
PublicationThe correlation among selenium uptake, the content of bioactive compounds in sprouts, and biological activities triggered in cultured human cells by sprout extracts was investigated. Seeds of Brassica crops and rye were treated with SeO2 water solution. The selenium levels in sprouts increased from 1.0-4.1 to 53.3-382 μg/g dw with no influence on plant physiology according to the indices used. Neither the composition of glucosinolates...
-
Cyanogenic Compounds and Estrogen Disruptors
PublicationBalanced diet consists largely of plants containing cyanogenic compounds in the form of the more common cyanogenic glycosides and sometimes lipids. Maize, wheat, rye, apples, barley, oats, sugar cane and yet many other plants consumed by humans contain cyanogenic compounds. However the risk of poisoning is negligible as it is very easy to remove the toxic HCN by grinding and drying in air or soaking in water and an additional...
-
Investigation of RH effect on uncommon limonene ozonolysis products and SOA formation in indoor air with real time measurement techniques
PublicationScientific interest in SOA influence on indoor air quality increases since last 20 years. It is well known, that particles of nano-sized diameter pose a threat for human health causing, among others: eye, upper airway irritation, inflammatory response in cells, worsening asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and central nervous dysfunction. Terpenes are reactive VOCs, commonly emitted in indoor air and considered to be SOA precursors...
-
POSSIBILITIES OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY GENERATION IN PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS INSTALLED IN CENTRAL EUROPE
PublicationNowadays, fossil fuels are the main sources of energy from which electricity is obtained. But these sources will not last forever, so in due course renewable energies will have to replace them in this role. One of these new sources is solar energy. To generate electricity from sunlight, solar (photovoltaic - PV) cells and modules are used. The increasing interest in PV cells and modules worldwide is due mainly to the fact that...
-
The effects of urban vehicle traffic on heavy metal contamination in road sweeping waste and bottom sediments of retention tanks
PublicationDiffuse pollution formed during a surface runoff on paved surfaces is a source of heavy metals (HMs) of various origin. This research study indicates the connection between bottom sediments of retention tanks located on urban streams and road sweeping wastes (RSW) that migrate during surface runoff to the stormwater drainage systems with discharge to the retention tanks. Moreover, we test the primary sources of HMs in RSW by analysing...
-
Human-Computer Interface Based on Visual Lip Movement and Gesture Recognition
PublicationThe multimodal human-computer interface (HCI) called LipMouse is presented, allowing a user to work on a computer using movements and gestures made with his/her mouth only. Algorithms for lip movement tracking and lip gesture recognition are presented in details. User face images are captured with a standard webcam. Face detection is based on a cascade of boosted classifiers using Haar-like features. A mouth region is located in...
-
A New Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller with PID Sliding Surface for Underwater Manipulators
PublicationDesign of an accurate and robust controller is challenging topic in underwater manipulator control. This is due to hydrodynamic disturbances in underwater environment. In this paper a sliding mode control (SMC) included a PID sliding surface and fuzzy tunable gain is designed. In this proposed controller robustness property of SMC and fast response of PID are incorporated with fuzzy rules to reduce error tracking. In the control...
-
The estimation of fish lenght distribution from its acoustical measures
PublicationThe paper concerns the problem of estimating fish length PDF from its target strength PDF obtained from acoustic surveys. It has been shown that the target strength of single fish can be treated in the first approximation as a finction of two variables: one, which depends on fish size and the other, which depends on its angular orientation (aspect). Extending this simplified relationship to the case of fish populations allows to...
-
Protein overproduction alters exosome secretion in Chinese hamster ovary cells
PublicationDespite the abundance of available cell lines, nearly 70% of all recombinant therapeutic proteins today are produced in Chi-nese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The impact of protein overproduction on the secretion of exosomes by CHO cells has been investigated here. Increased secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by protein overexpressing CHO cells was demonstrated with protein content assay, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and...
-
Analytical modeling of electric drives for vehicle traction control systems
PublicationWheel-torque control bandwidth in vehicle dynamics model is crucial in evaluating optimal tracking ability of tire slip and in analysis of control system stability. Electric drives’ control dynamics are influenced by timing of digital control events, e.g. by sampling instant of motor currents. Reflecting this timing in drive analytical models is therefore important for analysis of vehicle traction systems. The paper considers five...
-
3D Monitoring - Identification of measurement problems at larger movements of the tracked points
PublicationAuthors identified the problems associated with the determination of the controlled points coordinates by use of automated Total Station placed behind transparent barrier. Important thing in the mentioned analysis was a large change of controlled points position and not stable Total Station’s stand (because of stand’s thermal drift). This two elements, combined with measurement made through glass plate determine the need for impact...
-
Detection of Face Position and Orientation Using Depth Data
PublicationIn this paper an original approach is presented for real-time detection of user's face position and orientation based only on depth channel from a Microsoft Kinect sensor which can be used in facial analysis on scenes with poor lighting conditions where traditional algorithms based on optical channel may have failed. Thus the proposed approach can support, or even replace, algorithms based on optical channel or based on skeleton...
-
Emotion Monitoring – Verification of Physiological Characteristics Measurement Procedures
PublicationThis paper concerns measurement procedures on an emotion monitoring stand designed for tracking human emotions in the Human-Computer Interaction with physiological characteristics. The paper addresses the key problem of physiological measurements being disturbed by a motion typical for human-computer interaction such as keyboard typing or mouse movements. An original experiment...
-
Camera Orientation-Independent Parking Events Detection
PublicationThe paper describes the method for detecting precise position and time of vehicles parking in a parking lot. This task is trivial in case of favorable camera orientation but gets much more complex when an angle between the camera viewing axis and the ground is small. The method utilizes background subtraction and object tracking algorithms for detecting moving objects in a video stream. Objects are classified into vehicles and...
-
On joint order and bandwidth selection for identification of nonstationary autoregressive processes
PublicationWhen identifying a nonstationary autoregressive process, e.g. for the purpose of signal prediction or parametric spectrum estimation, two important decisions must be taken. First, one should choose the appropriate order of the autoregressive model, i.e., the number of autoregressive coefficients that will be estimated. Second, if identification is carried out using the local estimation technique, such as the localized version of...
-
Power Converter Solutions for Industrial PV Applications—A Review
Publication: As the use of photovoltaics becomes more widespread, new technologies for more efficient energy generation, transmission, and distribution based on power electronics converters are being developed. The most common applications are grid-on, energy storage, hybrid, and high voltage gain applications. These applications impose several additional requirements in the design of power converters associated with the solar battery’s maximum...
-
Bimodal classification of English allophones employing acoustic speech signal and facial motion capture
PublicationA method for automatic transcription of English speech into International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) system is developed and studied. The principal objective of the study is to evaluate to what extent the visual data related to lip reading can enhance recognition accuracy of the transcription of English consonantal and vocalic allophones. To this end, motion capture markers were placed on the faces of seven speakers to obtain lip...
-
Decoupled Kalman filter based identification of time-varying FIR systems
PublicationWhen system parameters vary at a fast rate, identification schemes based on model-free local estimation approaches do not yield satisfactory results. In cases like this, more sophisticated parameter tracking procedures must be used, based on explicit models of parameter variation (often referred to as hypermodels), either deterministic or stochastic. Kalman filter trackers, which belong to the second category, are seldom used in...
-
Estimating Traffic Intensity Employing Passive Acoustic Radar and Enhanced Microwave Doppler Radar Sensor
PublicationInnovative road signs that can autonomously display the speed limit in cases where the trac situation requires it are under development. The autonomous road sign contains many types of sensors, of which the subject of interest in this article is the Doppler sensor that we have improved and the constructed and calibrated acoustic probe. An algorithm for performing vehicle detection and tracking, as well as vehicle speed measurement,...
-
Model Predictive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for An Autonomous Surface Vehicle
PublicationThis paper presents a new robust Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for trajectory tracking of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) in presence of the time-varying external disturbances including winds, waves and ocean currents as well as dynamical uncertainties. For fulfilling the robustness property, a sliding mode control-based procedure for designing of MPC and a super-twisting term are adopted. The MPC algorithm has been...
-
Eksternalizacja w binauralnej ambisonicznej auralizacji źródeł kierunkowych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze składniki procesu skutecznego renderowania trójwymiarowego obrazu dźwiękowego za pomocą słuchawek. W tym celu badany jest stopień oddziaływania poszczególnych czynników wpływających na eksternalizację dźwięku: śledzenie położenia głowy (ang. head tracking), indywidualne funkcje przenoszenia głowy (HRTF – Head Related Transfer Function, odnoszące się do matematycznej funkcji propagacji dźwięku...
-
Robust Model Predictive Control for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle – Manipulator System with Fuzzy Compensator
PublicationThis paper proposes an improved Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach including a fuzzy compensator in order to track desired trajectories of autonomous Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems (UVMS). The tracking performance can be affected by robot dynamical model uncertainties and applied external disturbances. Nevertheless, the MPC as a known proficient nonlinear control approach should be improved by the uncertainty estimator...
-
Supramolecular structures formed by 2-aminopyridine derivatives. Part I. Hydrogenbonding networks via N-H...N interactions and the conformational polymorphism of N,N´-bis(2-piridyl)aryldiamines
PublicationOtrzymano serię N,N´-bis(2-pirydylo)arylodiamin w postaci monokryształów. Zgodnie z oczekiwaniami, powstawały dwie odmiany polimorficzne. Forma EE z układem wiązań R22(8) figuruje jako jednowymiarowe taśmy. Stwierdzono, że ugrupowanie 2-aminopirydylowe stanowi synton supramolekularny za pomocą którego można projektować struktury w ciele stałym. Właściwości tego syntonu były badane z wykorzystaniem metod dyfrakcyjnych oraz spektroskopii...
-
Optimal and suboptimal algorithms for identification of time-varying systems with randomly drifting parameters
PublicationNoncausal estimation algorithms, which involve smoothing, can be used for off-line identification of nonstationary systems. Since smoothingis based on both past and future data, it offers increased accuracy compared to causal (tracking) estimation schemes, incorporating past data only. It is shown that efficient smoothing variants of the popular exponentially weighted least squares and Kalman filter-based parameter trackers can...
-
SLIDING MODE-PID FUZZY CONTROLLER WITH A NEW REACHING MODE FOR UNDERWATER ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS
PublicationDesign of an accurate and robust controller is a challenging topic in an underwater manipulator control. This is due to hydrodynamic disturbances in underwater environment. In this paper a sliding mode control (SMC) included a PID sliding surface and fuzzy tunable gain is designed. In this proposed controller robustness property of SMC and fast response of PID are incorporated with fuzzy rules to reduce error tracking. In the...
-
Sustainable Waste Management for Implementation of a Circular Economy Model in a Port
PublicationThe manuscript presents the management of waste from marine vessels and cargo handling companies in a selected European Union port. The main objective of the paper is to analyse and evaluate the existing waste management model in the port of Szczecin in the context of circular economy. The expert research carried out is aimed, inter alia, at identifying which of the solutions currently in use need to be improved from an environmental...
-
Isolation of Citrus lemon extracellular vesicles: Development and process control using capillary electrophoresis
PublicationA new and scalable method for the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EV) from Citrus lemon juice samples was developed. The methodology included preliminary preconcentration of the sample using ultrafiltration (UF) followed by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) purification and final preconcentration of the eluates. Transmission electron microscopy and proteomic analysis showed that isolates contained exosome-like vesicles, exocyst-positive...
-
Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming
PublicationIn order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) technique based on the internal model principle (IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback, merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization...
-
A new approach to designing control of dissolved oxygen and aeration system in sequencing batch reactor by applied backstepping control algorithm
PublicationThe Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is a very complex system, due to its nonlinearity, time-variance, and multiple time scales in its dynamics among others. The most important control parameter in a WWTP is the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration. The tracking problem of the DO concentration is one of the most fundamental issues in biological wastewater treatment. Proper DO concentration control is necessary to achieve adequate...
-
Supervisory Control System for Adaptive Phase and Work Cycle Management of Sequencing Wastewater Treatment Plant
PublicationThe paper presents the design of the integrated control system applied to Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) in a biological Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Swarzewo, which operates under activated sludge technology. Based on the real data records, ASM2d biological processes model and aeration system model, hierarchical control system for dissolved oxygen tracking and cycle management is designed. Internal Model Controller (IMC)...
-
A Model-Based Improved Control of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration in Sequencing Wastewater Batch Reactor
PublicationBiochemical processes at wastewater treatment plant are complex, nonlinear, time varying and multivariable. Moreover, relationships between processes are very strong. One of the most important issues is exerting proper control over dissolved oxygen levels during nitrification phase. This parameter has a very large impact on activity of microorganisms in activated sludge and on quality of pollution removal processes. Oxygen is supplied...
-
Virtual Whiteboard: A gesture-controlled pen-free tool emulating school whiteboard
PublicationIn the paper the so-called Virtual Whiteboard is presented which may be an alternative solution for modern electronic whiteboards based on electronic pens and sensors. The presented tool enables the user to write, draw and handle whiteboard contents using his/her hands only. An additional equipment such as infrared diodes, infrared cameras or cyber gloves is not needed. The user's interaction with the Virtual Whiteboard computer...
-
Intracranial electrophysiological recordings from the human brain during memory tasks with pupillometry
PublicationData comprise intracranial EEG (iEEG) brain activity represented by stereo EEG (sEEG) signals, recorded from over 100 electrode channels implanted in any one patient across various brain regions. The iEEG signals were recorded in epilepsy patients (N=10) undergoing invasive monitoring and localization of seizures when they were performing a battery of four memory tasks lasting approx. 1 hour in total. Gaze tracking on the task...