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Search results for: SIMULATED BODY FLUID
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Large thermo-elastic displacement and stability FEM analysis of multilayered plates and shells
PublicationThe paper concerns the load capacity analysis of thermally loaded multilayered plates and shells. The multilayered body is treated as an equivalent single layer whose kinematics is consistent with first order shear deformation theory. The authors focus on the thermo-elastic stability problem of the thin-walled structures. The equilibrium paths are traced with the use of Riks-Wempner-Ramm algorithm. By making use of the Tsai-Wu...
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Investigations of Titanium Implants Covered with Hydroxyapatite Layer
PublicationTo reduce unfavorable phenomena occurring after introducing an implant into human body various modifications of the surface are suggested. Such modifications may have significant impact on biocompatibility of metallic materials. The titanium and it's alloys are commonly used for joint and dental implants due to their high endurance, low plasticity modulus, good corrosion resistance as well as biocompatibility. Special attention...
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Analysis of the Usefulness of Cheap Audio Recorders for Spectral Measurement of Environmental Noise
PublicationEnvironmental noise pollution is nowadays one of the most serious health threats. The impact of noise on the human body depends not only on the sound level but also on its spectral distribution. Reliable measurements of the environmental noise spectrum are often hampered by the very high price of top quality measuring devices. This paper explores the possibility of using much cheaper audio recorders for the frequency analysis....
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Vibrational excitation of acetylene by positron impact
PublicationVibrationally inelastic quantum calculations are carried out at low collision energies for the scattering of a beam of positrons off acetylene gaseous molecules. The normal mode analysis is assumed to be valid and the relative fluxes into the C–C and C–H symmetric vibrational modes are computed within a Body-Fixed (BF) formulation of the dynamics by solving the relevant vibrational Coupled Channels (VCC) equations. The clear dominance...
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Efficient Finite Element Analysis of Axially Symmetrical Waveguides and Waveguide Discontinuities
PublicationA combination of the body-of-revolution and finite element methods is adopted for full-wave analysis of waveguides and waveguide discontinuities involving angular field variation. Such an approach is highly efficient and much more flexible than analytical techniques. The method is performed in two different cases: utilizing a generalized impedance matrix to determine the scattering parameters of a single waveguide section and utilizing...
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Control design for slow speed positioning
PublicationThe problem under study is a synthesis of position and heading control system for low frequency model of surface vessel described by 3 DOF mathematical model. The recursive vectorial backstepping control design was used to keep fixed position and heading in presence of wave disturbances. The controller has been simulated on computer model of scaled supply vessel. It has been assumed that the actuators produce generalized forces...
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Expert systems in quality control of manufacturing processes
PublicationThe paper deals with quality control in conditions of computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). It shows that quality of material stream items have to be analyzed on every stage of manufacturing process. Collecting and analyzing quantity of data with usage of expert systems make it possible to create a system for coordination of cell's work. The system contains error recovery algorithm and adaptive control subsystem based on fuzzy...
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Design and experimental verification of multi-layer waveguide using pin/hole structure
PublicationThis study presents a novel technique for minimizing RF leakage in metallic hollow waveguides fabricated using the multilayer split-block method. By integrating a pin/hole wall into the split-block multilayers, a substantial reduction of RF leakage can be achieved while reducing the circuit size and mitigating the performance variations. To validate the proposed approach, a slot antenna fed by single ridge waveguide has been prototyped...
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Evolution of Animats Following a Moving Target in an Artificial Ecosystem
PublicationMany biological animals, even microscopically small, are able to track moving sources of food. In this paper, we investigate the emergence of such behavior in artificial animals (animats) in a 2-dimensional simulated liquid environment. These "predators" are controlled by evolving artificial gene regulatory networks encoded in linear genomes. The fate of the predators is determined only by their ability to gather food and reproduce—no...
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Real-time generator of AIS/ARPA/GPS data
PublicationThe paper presents a real-time generator of AIS/ARPA/GPS position data in the standardized NMEA 0183 text format. Position data are produced by a set of various types of ships simulated on the Polish part of the Baltic Sea and are generated on defined IP/UDP addresses and RS-232 ports. In the simulation an extensive set of input parameters is taken into account including the number of particular types of ships, their dimensions,...
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New Alternative Passive Networks to Improve the Range Output Voltage Regulation of the PWM Inverters
PublicationThis paper presents different topologies of buck-boost converters with passive input networks that have alternative topologies; this is known in the literature as a Z-source inverter. Alternative passive networks were named by the authors as T-inverters; these improve output voltage regulation of the PWM inverters. T-inverter has fewer reactive components in comparison to conventional Z-source inverter. The most significant advantage...
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Impact of cross-section centers estimation on the accuracy of the Point cloud spatial expansion using robust M-estimation and Monte Carlo simulation
PublicationThe point cloud spatial expansion (PCSE) method creates an alternative form of representing the shape of symmetrical objects and introduces additional descriptive geometric parameters. An important element of the procedure is determining the course of the axis of symmetry of cylindrical objects based on cross-sections of point clouds. Outliers occurring in laser measurements are of great importance in this case. In this study,...
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Adapting the pinch point analysis to improve the ORC design process
PublicationPinch point analysis can be adapted so as to assist in the early stages of designing the ORC systems. Typically used in determining the working parameters of heat exchangers, it can be employed to improve the heat fitting between the source of heat and the working fluids of the ORC system. To attain the parametric match, an algorithm was built enabling quick estimation of the possible heat reception by the specific working fluid....
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DYNWIR S-70 program for modal analysis of multisupported and multimass rotors
PublicationThe article provides a brief description of the program Dynwir-S-70 (currently being developed in the Rotor Dynamics and Slide Bearings Department in the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences in Gdansk) which is a program for analysis of multi-supported and multi-mass rotors. Used algorithms and the construction of mass and stiffness matrix were presented. Damping matrix structure based on Rayleigh damping...
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Experimental investigations on pressure drop during the condensation in flow of HFE7000 in vertical minichannel
PublicationIn the work presented in the paper authors focused attention on the issues of flow resistance and pressure drop during condensation in the flow. The case of the descending flow through a cylindrical single-channel of 2.3 mm inner diameter was carefully analyzed. In the course of investigations a new working fluid HFE 7000 has been scrutinised which has a strongly differing properties in comparison to the other fluids that are commonly...
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Thermal self-action effects of acoustic beam in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublicationThermal self-action of acoustic beam in a molecular gas with excited internal degrees of molecules’ freedom, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid. Heating or cooling of a medium takes place due to transfer of internal vibrational energy. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium gases, which may be acoustically active, are considered. A beam in an acoustically active gas is self-focusing unlike...
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Techniki chromatografii w rozdzielaniu i oznaczaniu ekdysteroidów w Rhaponticum carthamoides
PublicationRhaponticum carthamoides to syberyjska endemiczna wieloletnia bylina, od wieków wykorzystywana w medycynie ludowej, jako preparat wzmacniający organizm. Główną grupą związków chemicznych, występujących w roślinie oraz wzbudzających szczególne zainteresowanie, ze względu na wykazywaną aktywność, są ekdysteroidy. Dlatego też poznanie ich dokładnego składu oraz stężeń w tkankach roślinnych staje się istotnym elementem poznawczym oraz...
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Analytical ‘Steady-State’-Based Derivation and Clarification of the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition for Pipe Flow
PublicationThis article addresses the problem of choosing the optimal discretization grid for emulating fluid flow through a pipeline. The aggregated basic flow model is linearized near the operating point obtained from the steady state analytic solution of the differential equations under consideration. Based on this model, the relationship between the Courant number (μ) and the stability margin is examined. The numerically set coefficient...
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On design and analysis of flow characteristics of the last stage of gas-steam turbine
PublicationResearch regarding blade design and analysis of flow have been conducted for over a century. Meanwhile new concepts and design approaches were created and improved. Advancements in information technologies allowed to introduce computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational flow mechanics (CFM). Currently a combination of mentioned methods is used for design of turbine blades. These methods enabled us to improve flow efficiency...
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Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle efficiency and vapor generator heat transfer surface in function of the reduced pressure
PublicationIn the paper presented is analysis of the influence of reduced pressure on efficiency and heat transfer area of vapor generator of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) in case of subcritical and supercritical parameters of operation. Compared are two cases of subcritical and supercritical ORC featuring a similar arrangement of heat source supply and heat removal, that is featuring the same temperatures of working fluid before the turbine,...
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Turmeric nanofiber-encapsulated natural product formulation act as a phytogenic feed additive—A study in broilers on growth performance, biochemical indices of blood, and E. coli in cecum
PublicationA phytogenic feed additive (PFA) formulation was prepared with bioactive molecules—curcuminoids, gingerol, and carvacrol by encapsulating in nanofiber isolated from turmeric spent (turmeric nanofiber, TNF). This formulation was completely characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultra performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography and evaluated for its efficacy. PFA-encapsulated TNF (PFA@TNF) considerably increased...
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Study of the atomic structure and morphology of the Pt3Co nanocatalyst
PublicationThe local structure and chemical disorder of a commercially available Pt3Co nanocatalyst supported on high surface area carbon were investigated. High-quality XAFS spectra were collected at the ELETTRA synchrotron XAFS 11.1 beamline. XAFS spectra analysis have been performed accounting for the reduction of the coordination number and degeneracy of three-body configurations, resulting from transmission electron microscopy (TEM)...
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Speech synthesis controlled by eye gazing
PublicationA method of communication based on eye gaze controlling is presented. Investigations of using gaze tracking have been carried out in various context applications. The solution proposed in the paper could be referred to as ''talking by eyes'' providing an innovative approach in the domain of speech synthesis. The application proposed is dedicated to disabled people, especially to persons in a so-called locked-in syndrome who cannot...
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A measurement system for children endurance tests
PublicationThere are a lot of ethical problems concerning the use of invasive methods for the measurement of a child's body response to physical exercise and physical training. The alternative is are non-invasive methods like ergospirometry or NIRS. The article presents a measurement system dedicated for children endurance tests, composed of a few non-invasive measurement modules, including a temperature measurement module. Temperature is...
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Comparative Analysis of Exoskeletal Actuators
PublicationSince the beginning of the development of exoskeletons in the early 1960s there was a constant need for improving their actuators technology. Requirements for high power and torque for the lower body and very high precision for the hand motion, while maintaining the flexibility of biological muscles, are still not fully satisfied. The problem lies not just in the lack of appropriate actuator technology, but also in the inability...
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Next generation ITS implementation aspects in 5G wireless communication network
PublicationIn the paper the study of Intelligent Transportation systems implementation in the 5G wireless communication network is presented. Firstly, small-cell concept in Ultra Dense Heterogeneous network was analyzed. Secondly, the 5G network requirements were presented which are important from the point of view of transportation systems development. Next, the study on the 5G network architectures proposals dedicated to the ITS systems...
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Continuum models for pantographic blocks with second gradient energies which are incomplete
PublicationWe postulate a deformation energy for describing the mechanical behavior of so called pantographic blocks, that is bodies constituted by stacking of layers of pantographic sheets. We remark that the pantographic effect is limited in the plane of pantographic sheets and therefore only the second derivatives of transverse displacements along the pantographic fibers appear in the chosen deformation energy. We use this novel energy...
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Mathematical Approach to Assess a Human Gait
PublicationA purpose of the paper was to create a mathematical approach to assess a human gait. The scope of the study was to model a normal gait in the sagittal plane and frontal plane of the body. Applying the Newton-Euler formulation, three multibody biomechanical models were derived to describe single support phase and double support phase of the gait. To model a gait in the sagittal plane the open-close sagittal 6DOF model and the open-close...
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Revealing the Frank–Evans “Iceberg” Structures within the Solvation Layer around Hydrophobic Solutes
PublicationUsing computer simulations, the structural properties of solvation water of three model hydrophobic molecules, methane and two fullerenes (C60 and C80), were studied. Systems were simulated at temperatures in the range of 250−298 K. By analyzing both the local ordering of the molecules of water in the solvation layers and the structure of hydrogen bond network, it is shown that in the solvation layer of hydrophobic molecules, ordered...
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Miniaturization of ESPAR Antenna Using Low-Cost 3D Printing Process
PublicationIn this paper, the miniaturized electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna is presented. The size reduction was obtained by embedding its active and passive elements in polylactic acid (PLA) plastic material commonly used in low-cost 3D printing. The influence of 3D printing process imperfections on the ESPAR antenna design is investigated and a simple yet effective method to compensate them has been proposed....
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Optical glyphs based localization and identification system
PublicationThe paper presents a description of functioning of a platform supporting the detection of obstructive diseases in the respiratory system education process. A 16-parameter model of the respiratory system simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment was set in the role of the tested patient. It has been linked to the control layer, developed in the LabVIEW environment, using the SIT library (Simulation Interface Toolkit). This layer...
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An Approach to the Detection of Bank Robbery Acts Employing Thermal Image Analysis
PublicationA novel approach to the detection of selected security-related events in bank monitoring systems is presented. Thermal camera images are used for the detection of people in difficult lighting conditions. Next, the algorithm analyses movement of objects detected in thermal or standard monitoring cameras using a method evolved from the motion history images algorithm. At the same time, thermal images are analyzed in order to detect...
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The use of Response Surface Methodology for reliability estimation of composite engineering structures
PublicationStability loss is one of the key issues in the analysis of shells made of composite materials. This paper aims at finding the variation of the critical or limit value of the load resulting from geometric imperfections. An axially compressed 16-layer cylindrical panel model is considered. The imperfections of the panel are simulated as random fields. The parameters of these fields are used as the basic variables of the reliability...
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Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Microwave (915 MHz) Plasma in Atmospheric Pressure Nitrogen with Addition of Ethanol Vapour
PublicationIn this paper results of optical emission spectroscopic study of microwave 915 MHz plasma in atmospheric pressure nitrogen with an addition of ethanol vapour are presented. The plasma was generated in waveguide- -supplied cylinder-type nozzleless microwave plasma source. The aim of research was to determine the rotational Trot and vibrational Tvib temperatures of CN and C2. A method called bubbling was employed to introduce alcohol (ethanol)...
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An application supporting the educational process of the respiratory system obstructive diseases detection
PublicationThe paper presents a description of functioning of a platform supporting the detection of obstructive diseases in the respiratory system education process. A 16-parameter model of the respiratory system simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment was set in the role of the tested patient. It has been linked to the control layer, developed in the LabVIEW environment, using the SIT library (Simulation Interface Toolkit). This layer...
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Cavitation erosion degradation of Belzona® coatings
PublicationIn hydrocarbon and maritime industry there is a constant need of materials and coatings withstanding severe conditions. One of adverse phenomena present there is cavitation erosion. The paper presents evaluation of cavitation resistance of three different steel coatings. Belzona 2141 (ACR-Fluid Elastormer), 1321 (Ceramic S-Steal) and 5831 (ST-Barrier) were deployed on P110 steel and subjected to ultrasound cavitation in distilled...
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Two-phase flow in heterogeneous porous media with non-wetting phase trapping
PublicationThis article presents amathematical model describing flowof two fluid phases in a heterogeneous porous medium. Zaproponowano model matematyczny przepływu dwufazowego w drobnoziarnistym ośrodku porowatym zawierającym inkluzje gruboziarniste. Inkluzje charakteryzują się niższą wartością ciśnienia wejścia dla płynu niezwilżającego (np. powietrze, ropa naftowa) niż materiał podstawowy. Podczas nawadniania takiego ośrodka dochodzi do...
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New trends in development of micro heat exchangers for ORC's
PublicationIn the paper, new trends in development of micro heat exchangers for CHP are presented. Main attention is concentrated on the question, how channels size and thermal development lenght affect the heat transfer. New types of micro heat exchangers developed at the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery PAS and the methoda of their design are presented. The new experimental testing methods of the micro-channel heat exchangers, new algorithms...
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Trawl-Door Shape Optimization with 3D CFD Models and Local Surrogates
PublicationDesign and optimization of trawl-doors are key factors in minimizing the fuel consumption of fishing vessels. This paper discusses optimization of the trawl-door shapes using high-fidelity 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models. The accurate 3D CFD models are computationally expensive and, therefore, the direct use of traditional optimization algorithms, which often require a large number of evaluations, may be prohibitive....
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On phase equilibrium of an elastic liquid shell with wedge disclination
PublicationBased on the six-parameter shell theory we consider the phase equilibrium of a two-phase liquid membrane containing a wedge disclination. The considered problems are related to modelling of phase transitions in biological or lipid membranes. In order to capture the membrane behaviour we consider a special case of elastic shells which energy is invariant under major transformations of a reference configuration and can be treated...
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Nonlinear Interaction of Modes in a Planar Flow of a Gas with Viscous and Thermal Attenuation
PublicationThe nonlinear interaction of wave and non-wave modes in a gas planar flow are considered. Attention is mainly paid to the case when one sound mode is dominant and excites the counter-propagating sound mode and the entropy mode. The modes are determined by links between perturbations of pressure, density, and fluid velocity. This definition follows from the linear conservation equations in the differential form and thermodynamic...
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Application of BiOClnBrm photocatalyst to cytostatic drugs removal from water; mechanism and toxicity assessment
PublicationThe photocatalytic activity of series of BiOClnBrm photocatalysts toward degradation and mineralization of the cytostatic drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and imatinib mesylate (IMA) both singly and in their mixture under simulated solar and visible light irradiation has been investigated. Screening test revealed that among BiOClnBrm photocatalysts synthesized by a solvothermal method, the one with molar 1.3Cl/0.7Br ratio was the most...
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Damage-involved response of two colliding buildings under non-uniform earthquake loading
PublicationPounding between insufficiently separated buildings, which may result in considerable damage or may even lead to the total collapse of colliding structures, has been repeatedly observed during earthquakes. Earthquake-induced collisions of buildings has been intensively studied applying various structural models. It was assumed in the analyses, however, that the seismic excitation is identical for all structural supports; whereas,...
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Generalized Formulation of Response Features for Reliable Optimization of Antenna Input Characteristics
PublicationElectromagnetic (EM)-driven parameter adjustment has become imperative in the design of modern antennas. It is necessary because the initial designs rendered through topology evolution, parameter sweeping, or theoretical models, are often of poor quality and need to be improved to satisfy stringent performance requirements. Given multiple objectives, constraints, and a typically large number of geometry parameters, the design closure...
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Model neuronowy jako alternatywa dla numerycznego modelu okołodźwiękowego przepływu pary przez palisadę turbinową.
PublicationWystępowanie skośnej fali uderzeniowej w przepływie pary przez palisadę turbinową stanowi zagrożenie dla bezpiecznej pracy turbiny oraz dla jej elementów konstrukcyjnych. Detekcja oraz lokalizacja fali uderzeniowej, a także rozpoznanie przyczyny jej powstawania, nie są możliwe do osiągnięcia na drodze pomiarowej. Analizę zjawisk zachodzących wewnątrz kanału przepływowego umożliwiają natomiast modele numeryczne oraz neuronowe. Zaletą...
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On weak solutions of boundary value problems within the surface elasticity of Nth order
PublicationA study of existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to boundary value problems describing an elastic body with weakly nonlocal surface elasticity is presented. The chosen model incorporates the surface strain energy as a quadratic function of the surface strain tensor and the surface deformation gradients up to Nth order. The virtual work principle, extended for higher‐order strain gradient media, serves as a basis for defining...
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Bezprzewodowy system telemedyczny monitorujący parametry życiowe pacjenta
PublicationWszechobecny monitoring pacjenta jest jednym ze sposobów zniwelowania negatywnych skutków obecnego modelu opieki zdrowotnej i może być dużym krokiem naprzód w rozwoju medycyny. W niniejszym referacie przedstawiono projekt i wykonanie bezprzewodowego systemu telemedycznego, monitorującego parametry życiowe człowieka, takie jak aktywność elektryczna serca, przyspieszenie ciała oraz stan przycisku alarmowego. Składa się on z urządzenia...
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A new finite element with variable Young's modulus
PublicationThe Finite Element Method (FEM) is a numerical technique that is well-established in the field of engineering. However, in biological sciences, it is justtaking its first steps. Bone tissue is an example of biological material which isexposed to high loads in its natural environment. Practically every movementof the body results in changing stress levels in the bone. Nature copes with thisvery well but when human intervention is...
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Non-Nutritive Bioactive Compounds in Food of Plant Origin
PublicationThe increasing knowledge on the health benefits of certain food ingredients, in particular, those of plant origin, opened the discussion of the possibility of using edible plants or their active components in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The health-promoting properties of plant foods are related to the presence of non-nutritive compounds, mainly plant secondary metabolites, which can affect many biological mechanisms...
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Allergic reactions as a defense of the organism to the influence of implants components made of stainless steel
PublicationDue to the increasing number of cases of hypersensitivity caused by direct contact with metals, as well as the increasing demand for implants in humans all ages numerous studies on the effects of the impact of implant components are being carried out. The paper presents the phenomenon of etiology of allergy in general terms and in relation to the biomaterials used in medicine. There have been characterized in terms of impact on...