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Search results for: ACOUSTIC
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Extended duration running and impulse loading characteristics of an acoustic bearing with enhanced geometry
PublicationThis paper presents performance during prolonged running of the acoustic bearing when PZTs are switched off and when they are switched on. The effect of active PZT on shaft’s displacements in X and Y directions is clearly demonstrated. Performance of the acoustic bearing was also assessed when an impulse force was applied to the running shaft at speed. Once again the benefits of having PZTs active are beyond doubt. The instability...
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STUDY OF SEASONAL ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF SEA WATER IN SELECTED WATERS OF THE SOUTHERN BALTIC
PublicationClimate Research of the globe is a current task, in particular to confirm the general hypothesis of global warming associated with an increase in average temperature. The sea acoustic climate is derived from the concept of climate and refers to the conditions of propagation of acoustic waves in a particular basin. In this paper, the results of systematic measurements of temperature, salinity and velocity distributions of sound...
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Multiple sound sources localization in free field using acoustic vector sensor
PublicationMethod and preliminary results of multiple sound sources localization in free field using the acoustic vector sensor were presented in this study. Direction of arrival (DOA) for considered source was determined based on sound intensity method supported by Fourier analysis. Obtained spectrum components for considered signal allowed to determine the DOA value for the particular frequency independently. The accuracy of the developed...
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Multiple sound sources localization in real time using acoustic vector sensor
PublicationMethod and preliminary results of multiple sound sources localization in real time using the acoustic vector sensor were presented in this study. Direction of arrival (DOA) for considered source was determined based on sound intensity method supported by Fourier analysis. Obtained spectrum components for considered signal allowed to determine the DOA value for the particular frequency independently. The accuracy of the developed...
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Application of passive acoustic radar to automatic localization, tracking and classification of sound sources
PublicationA concept, practical realization and applications of the passive acoustic radar to automatic localization, tracking and classification of sound sources were presented in the paper. The device consists of a new kind of multichannel miniature sound intensity sensors and a group of digital signal processing algorithms. Contrary to active radars, it does not emit the scanning beam but after receiving surrounding sounds it provides...
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ADAPTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF TIME-VARYING IMPULSE RESPONSE OF UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
PublicationThe transmission properties of underwater acoustic communication channel can change dynamically due to the movement of acoustic system transmitter and receiver or underwater objects reflecting transmitted signal. The time-varying impulse response measurement and estimation are necessary to match the physical layer of data transmission to instantaneous channel propagation conditions. Using the correlative measurement method, impulse...
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Automatic sound source localization in disturbing conditions using acoustic vector sensors
PublicationA concept, practical realization and applications of a passive acoustic radar to automatic localization and tracking of sound sources in disturbing conditions were presented in the paper. The device consists of the new kind of multichannel miniature sound intensity sensors and a group of digital signal processing algorithms. The sensitivity of the realized acoustic radar was examined in free sound field. Several kinds of sound...
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Rough Set Based Modeling and Visualization of the Acoustic Field Around the Human Head
PublicationThe presented research aims at modeling acoustical wave propagation phenomena by applying rough set theory in a novel manner. In a typical listening environment sound intensity is determined by numerous factors: a distance from a sound source, signal levels and frequencies, obstacles’ locations and sizes. Contrarily, a free-field is characterized by direct, unimpeded propagation of the acoustical waves. The proposed approach is...
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Underwater acoustic communication system using broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency
PublicationThe implementation of reliable acoustic underwater communication in shallow waters is a scientific and engineering challenge, mainly due to the permanent occurrence of the multipath phenomenon. The article presents the concept of a transmission system using a broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency (HFM) to transmit data symbols and synchronize data frames. The simulation tests were carried out in channels with...
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Te use of acoustic emission for assessment of the oil lubricity in a four-ball tester
Publicationin view of the increased dynamic and temperature load in the compression-ignition engine tribological systems, particular attention is drawn to the problem of such lubrication of the friction nodes that after breaking the boundary layer it could be restored without any wear occurring. therefore, an idea has been devised of introducing to friction nodes, with the lubrication oils, of new substances (operational preparations) modifying...
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Acoustic evaluation of road surfaces using different Close Proximity testing devices
PublicationAccording to the valid standard, Close Proximity (CPX) method intends to evaluate the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise. Measurements may be carried out with the use of a self-powered vehicle or a special test trailer equipped with testing tyre towed by another vehicle. Two different testing devices took part in the research organized in Poland in order to determine the ranking of road surfaces in terms of acoustic parameters....
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Acoustic lifecycle study of the double-layer porous asphalt on E4 in Huskvarna, Sweden
PublicationIn 2010 a double-layer porous asphalt concrete (DPAC) pavement was constructed on the E4 motorway through the Swedish city Huskvarna. Earlier experience in Sweden indicated that it was feasible to obtain a high initial noise reduction but due to the widespread use of studded tires in winter, clogging and ravelling created losses of around 2 dB per year, with an expected acoustical lifetime of only 3 years. However, the improved...
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Investigation of pitting corrosion of stainless steel by means of acoustic emission and potentiodynamic methods
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The influence of time of hearing aid use on auditory perception in various acoustic situations
PublicationThe assessment of sound perception in hearing aids, especially in the context of benefits that a prosthesis can bring, is a complex issue. The objective parameters of the hearing aids can easily be determined. These parameters, however, do not always have a direct and decisive influence on the subjective assessment of quality of the patient’s hearing while using a hearing aid. The paper presents the development of a method for...
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development of an open source software to transform acoustic data for classification of benthic habitat
Publication.
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Driving force of acoustic streaming caused by aperiodic sound beamin unbounded volumes
PublicationRównanie dynamiczne kierujące lokalnej w czasie siłą radiacyjną ruchu wirowego wyprowadzono. Stwierdzono, iż zawiera ona trzy części: jedna stanowi wzór klasyczny, druga daje zero po uśrednieniu względem okresu fali akustycznej, lecz różni się od zera dla nieokresowego dźwięku. Trzecia składowa związana jest z małymi dyfrakcyjnymi efektami, zachodzącymi podczas propagacji wiązki. Przejście do wzoru klasycznego w przypadku źródła...
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Integrated multiscale 3d imaging geographic information system using acoustic data
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano prototyp zintegrowanego systemu informacji geograficznej do trójwymiarowej wizualizacji danych uzyskanych metodami akustycznymi. System wykorzystuje dane pochodzące z systemów wielowiązkowych, sonarów bocznych oraz echosond jednowiązkowych. Otrzymane wyniki zostały zaprezentowane w postaci trójwymiarowych interaktywnych scen obszaru Zatoki Gdańskiej.
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Vortex cavitation as a source of high level acoustic pressure generated by ship propellers
PublicationPraca przedstawia wyniki badań teoretycznych i eksperymentalnych nad mechanizmami fizycznymi generowania wysokiego ciśnienia akustycznego przez kawitujące wiry wierzchołkowe powstające na śrubach okrętowych
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Combining visual and acoustic modalities to ease speech recognition by hearing impaired people
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje system, którego celem działania jest ułatwienie procesu treningu poprawnej wymowy dla osób z poważnymi wadami słuchu. W analizie mowy wykorzystane zostały parametry akutyczne i wizualne. Do wyznaczenia parametrów wizualnych na podstawie kształtu i ruchu ust zostały wykorzystane modele Active Shape Models. Parametry akustyczne bazują na współczynnikach melcepstralnych. Do klasyfikacji wypowiadanych głosek została...
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Experimental study of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission and electrochemical noise techniques
PublicationTechnika emisji akustycznej jest znaną metodą badań korozji zbrojenia żelbetu. Źródłem aktywności akustycznej są zawsze zjawiska o naturze mechanicznej. Przedstawiono wynik badań akustycznych zbrojonego betonu w warunkach polaryzacji anodowej, przyspieszającej procesy korozyjne. Symultanicznie prowadzona była rejestracja szumu elektrochemicznego. Dla umożliwienia korelacji wyników, uzyskanych obiema technikami, wykonana została...
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Are vehicles driven in electric mode so quiet that they need acoustic warning signals?
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono i przedyskutowano problematykę znacznej redukcji hałasu emitowanego przez pojazdy z napędem elektrycznym i potencjalnego wzrostu zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego związanego z niezauważaniem takich pojazdów przez pieszych uczestników ruchu. Rozważano konieczność instalowania w takich pojazdach specjalnych sygnałów ostrzegawczych. Zestawiano ilość wypadków z udziałem pieszych i pojazdów poruszających...
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Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Structural Elements of a Ship for Detection of Fatigue and Corrosion Damages
PublicationUszkodzenia korozyjne i pęknięcia zmęczeniowe są głównymi przyczynami defektów strukturalnych we wszystkich środkach transportu takich jak statki, cysterny drogowe i kolejowe. Oba typy degradacji tzn. degradacja materiału i konstrukcji są przedmiotem badań przeprowadzanych w projekcie badawczym VII Programu Ramowego Unii Europejskiej o nazwie ''Monitorowanie efektywnych kosztów korozji i zmęczenia w środkach transportu'' (akronim...
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Adaptive Identification of Underwater Acoustic Channel with a Mix of Static and Time-Varying Parameters
PublicationWe consider the problem of identification of communication channels with a mix of static and time-varying parameters. Such scenarios are typical, among others, in underwater acoustics. In this paper, we further develop adaptive algorithms built on the local basis function (LBF) principle resulting in excellent performance when identifying time-varying systems. The main drawback of an LBF algorithm is its high complexity. The subsequently...
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System identification theory-based estimation of underwater acoustic channel for broadband communications.
PublicationPłytki kanał podwodny jest niestacjonarny z powodu wielokrotnych odbić fal dźwiękowych od powierzchni wody oraz ruchu nadajnika i odbiornika systemu komunikacyjnego. Dla zapewnienia szybkiej transmisji danych niezbędna jest estymacja kanału oparta na equalizacji adaptacyjnej. W systemach komunikacji podwodnej stosowane są zazwyczaj equalizery DFE z zaimplementowanymi algorytmami najmniejszych kwadratów: LMS oraz RLS.W artykule...
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Standing Acoustic Waves and Relative Nonlinear Phenomena in a Vibrationally Relaxing Gas-Filled Resonator
PublicationStanding acoustic waves in one-dimensional resonator filled with vibrationally relaxing gas, are studied. Two regimes of excitation of molecular vibrational degrees of freedom are considered, equilibrium and nonequilibrium. The acoustic energy enlarges with time in the non-equilibrium regime and decreases otherwise before formation of discontinuity. After that, it decreases due to nonlinear absorption and tends to zero in equilibrium...
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Problem of proper decomposition and initialization of acoustic and entropy modes in a gas affected by the mass force
PublicationThe relations connecting perturbations specific for acoustic and entropy modes in an accelerated fluid or in a fluid affected by constant mass force, are derived. They allow to decompose the total vector of perturbations and the overall energy into acoustic and non-acoustic parts uniquely at any instant. In order to do this, three quantities are required, for example total perturbations in entropy, pressure and velocity. The evaluations...
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Nonlinear generation of non-acoustic modes by low-frequency sound in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublicationTwo dynamic equations referring to a weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive flow of a gas in which molecular vibrational relaxation takes place. are derived. The first one governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode, and the second one describes variations in vibrational energy. Both quantities refer to non-wave types of gas motion. These variations are caused by the nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy into...
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Acoustic field and the entropy mode induced by it in a waveguide filled with some non-equilibrium gases
PublicationThe non-linear propagation of an acoustic beam in a rectangular waveguide is considered. The medium of sound propagation, is a gas where thermodynamically non-equilibrium processes take place: such as exothermic chemical reactions or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. The incident and reflected compounds of the acoustic field do not interact in the leading order in the case of periodic weakly nonlinear sound...
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Identification of acoustic event of selected noise sources in a long-term environmental monitoring systems
PublicationABSTRACT Undertaking long-term acoustic measurements on sites located near an airport is related to a problem of large quantities of recorded data, which very often represents information not related to flight operations. In such areas, usually defined as zone of limited use, often other sources of noise exist, such as roads or railway lines treated is such context as acoustic background. Manual verification of such recorded data...
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3D Sound Intensity Measurement Around Organ Pipes Using Acoustic Vector Sensors
PublicationThe aim of the presented paper was to obtain and visualize sound intensity distribution of radiated acoustic energy around the organ pipes. The experimental setup consisted of the multichannel acoustic vector sensor and the specialized Cartesian robot. Measurements were performed in free field with spatial resolution of 0.1 [m]. Two organ pipes, i.e. wooden and metal were measured during the ex-periment. The organ pipes were activated...
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Automatic localization and continous tracking of mobile sound source using passive acoustic radar
PublicationA concept, practical realization and applications of the passive acoustic radar for localization and continuous tracking of fixed and mobile sound sources such as: cars, trucks, aircrafts and sources of shooting, explosions were presented in the paper. The device consists of the new kind of multi-channel miniature three dimensional sound intensity sensors invented by the Microflown company and a group of digital signal processing...
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Time-domain description of point-source acoustic wavefields as a useful approach in ultrasonic techniques
PublicationIn traditional acoustics, field problems are usually treated in the frequency domain, broadband fields being reduced to superposition of harmonic spectrum components. However, this approach is inherently acausal and it is known that in case of arbitrary signals, the distribution-based, time-domain description can be more effective. The present paper is an attempt to expand the time-domain linear systems formalism onto space problems...
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Time-Domain Description of Point-Source Acoustic Wavefields as a Useful Approach in Ultrasonic Techniques
PublicationIn traditional acoustics, field problems are usually treated in the frequency domain, broadband fields being reduced to superposition of harmonic spectrum components. However, this approach is inherently acausal and it is known that in case of arbitrary signals, the distribution-based, time-domain description can be more effective. The present paper is an attempt to expand the time-domain linear systems formalism onto space problems...
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Thermal self-action effects for acoustic beams containing fronts in a Maxwell relaxing fluid
PublicationThis paper examines the thermal self-action of acoustic beams in a Maxwell relaxing fluid. This type of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid and behaves differently depending on a ratio of sound period and time of thermodynamic relaxation. The self-action which relates to sound beams containing shock fronts is also discussed. In addition, stationary and non-stationary types of self-action are considered.
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Thermal Self-Action Effects of Acoustic Beam in a Gas with Reversible or Irreversible Chemical Reaction
PublicationThermal self-action of acoustic beam in a gas where an exothermic chemical reaction takes place, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a newtonian fluid. In dependence on the type of a chemical reaction, reversible or not, heating or cooling of a medium occurs. A beam in the case of the irreversible reaction may be unusually self-focusing. The self-action effects relating to wave beams containing shock...
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Measurement of Seafloor Acoustic Backscatter Angular Dependence at 150 kHz Using a Multibeam Echosounder
PublicationAcoustic seafloor measurements with multibeam echosounders (MBESs) are currently often used for submarine habitat mapping, but the MBESs are usually not acoustically calibrated for backscattering strength (BBS) and cannot be used to infer absolute seafloor angular dependence. We present a study outlining the calibration and showing absolute backscattering strength values measured at a frequency of 150 kHz at around 10–20 m water...
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Application of acoustic emission for detection of fatigue microdemage in main and crank bearings for diesel engines
PublicationThe article presents reasons for applying the acoustic emission (AE) to detect fatigue microdamage in main bearings and crank bearings of ship main engines. Problem of determination of the fatigue life for slide bearing bushes was characterized in general. There were demonstrated properties of the objects of research, which were bushings made of the MB58 alloy, as well as an overall description of the research. It was shown that...
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Air journal bearing utilizing near-field acoustic levitation: stationary shaft case
PublicationResults of a study to examine a unique idea of self-levitating journal bearing are presented in this paper. the idea represents a radical departure from the current bearing technology. it utilisesacoustic levitation, which relies on the sound energy radiated by an object supporting a load. acoustic levitation has been demonstrated to support loads of up to 10 kg. in order to support a load theacoustic wave emitted by the radiating...
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Geographic information system for remote integration of diverse under-water acoustic sensor data
PublicationMaritime and port areas throughout the world are exposed to many different hazards, like pollution, terrorism and natural disasters. Early detection, identification and preparation of appropriateesponse strategies is especially important in the case of semi-enclosed basins like the Baltic Sea, mainly due to the marine ecosystems' continuous absorption of pollutants including oil, heavy metals and chemicals. Many of those agents...
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Pursuing Analytically the Influence of Hearing Aid Use on Auditory Perception in Various Acoustic Situations
PublicationThe paper presents the development of a method for assessing auditory perception and the effectiveness of applying hearing aids for hard-of-hearing people during short-term (up to 7 days) and longer-term (up to 3 months) use. The method consists of a survey based on the APHAB questionnaire. Additional criteria such as the degree of hearing loss, technological level of hearing aids used, as well as the user experience are taken...
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Adaptive identification of sparse underwater acoustic channels with a mix of static and time-varying parameters
PublicationWe consider identification of sparse linear systems with a mix of static and time-varying parameters. Such systems are typical in underwater acoustics (UWA), for instance, in applications requiring identi- fication of the acoustic channel, such as UWA communications, navigation and continuous-wave sonar. The recently proposed fast local basis function (fLBF) algorithm provides high performance when identi- fying time-varying systems....
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A Numerical Study on Baseline-Free Damage Detection Using Frequency Steerable Acoustic Transducers
PublicationIn structural health monitoring (SHM) a considerable amount of damage detection algorithms based on guided waves (GW) have been developed. Most of them rely on extensive transducer networks, besides preliminary reference measurements of the structures. This originated a growing demand for hardware simplification and cost reduction of the wave-based SHM methods, driving the conception of new solutions enabling both: the reduction...
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Improvement of glass break acoustic signal detection via application of wavelet packet decomposition
PublicationThe main subject of the authors' research are non-contact methods of glass break detection based on analysis of the acoustic signal generated during the event. This problem has essential meaning for modern cost- effective alarm systems, particularly those installed into big buildings. The main difficulties of the matter are: transient character of the signal, great number of similar sounds (false signals, mainly accidental glass...
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Bimodal classification of English allophones employing acoustic speech signal and facial motion capture
PublicationA method for automatic transcription of English speech into International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) system is developed and studied. The principal objective of the study is to evaluate to what extent the visual data related to lip reading can enhance recognition accuracy of the transcription of English consonantal and vocalic allophones. To this end, motion capture markers were placed on the faces of seven speakers to obtain lip...
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1D convolutional context-aware architectures for acoustic sensing and recognition of passing vehicle type
PublicationA network architecture that may be employed to sensing and recognition of a type of vehicle on the basis of audio recordings made in the proximity of a road is proposed in the paper. The analyzed road traffic consists of both passenger cars and heavier vehicles. Excerpts from recordings that do not contain vehicles passing sounds are also taken into account and marked as ones containing silence....
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Computational investigations of acoustic radiation from end shields of small-power electric motor
PublicationW artykule omówiono rozwój metod modelowania własności akustycznych maszyn elektrycznych. Wskazano na pomijalny dotąd, znaczący udział drgań tarcz łożyskowych w emitowaniu hałasu przez silniki małej mocy. Na podstawie równania falowego potencjału prędkości wyprowadzono analityczne formuły do obliczeń akustycznych w polu bliskim tarczy łożyskowej. Zamieszczono uzyskane z serii obliczeń dla pracującego silnika, rozkłady ciśnienia...
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Passive layer cracking studies performed on A95056 Aluminum Alloy by DEIS and acoustic emission
PublicationZbadano proces pękania warstwy pasywnej na stopie aluminium A95056 w warunkach zmiennych naprężeń rozciągających i polaryzacji anodowej z wykorzystaniem techniki DEIS oraz emisji akustycznej (AE), jako metody porównawczej. Określono elektrochemiczne i mechaniczne przyczyny badanego procesu. Wyznaczono progową (krytyczną) wartość naprężeń, przy których zarejestrowano proces pękania warstwy pasywnej na badanym stopie aluminium. Badanemu...
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Complementary study with magnetic and acoustic techniques of A336 steel damage state due to creep
PublicationBadano możliwość detekcji w sposób nieniszczący zmian w mikrostrukturze stali A336 poddanej próbie pełzania. Testowano dwie magnetyczne techniki (klasyczny efekt Barkhausena i emisję magnetoakustyczną) oraz dwie nowe techniki ultradźwiękowe (pomiar współczynnika elasto-akustycznego oraz dwójłomność akustyczną). Wykazano, iż wyniki badań akustycznych są komplementarne do wyników badań magnetycznych.
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Comparison of backscattered sea bottom echo modelling in the acoustic pressure domain and in the intensity domain
PublicationPrzedstawiono dwie metody modelowania rozpraszania wstecznego na dnie morskim: modelowania ciśnienia akustycznego opartego na aproksymacji Kirchhoffa oraz modelowania natężenia echa przy założeniu dominacji rozpraszania niekoherentnego. Porównano i przedyskutowano wyniki w odniesieniu do problemu poszukiwania jak najwłaściwszego opisu zjawiska rozpraszania sygnału akustycznego na dnie.
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Shaping the SPL Spectra of the Acoustic Noise Emitted by Inverter-Fed Indu- ction Motors
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono nowe podejście do zmniejszania wpływu właściwości mechanicznych maszyny na emitowany przez nią hałas akustyczny. Dokonano identyfikacji mechanicznych rezonansów maszyny wykorzystując modulację RPWM z losowym wyborem częstotliwości nośnej oraz modulację sigma delta, dla której otrzymano relatywnie płaskie widmo prądu. Skonstruowano na tej podstawie funkcję gęstości prawdopodobieństwa wyboru częstotliwości...