Search results for: polymer materials
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Determination of amikacin and ciprofloxacin by liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization to evaluate sustained delivery of antibiotics from Drug-Eluting Biopsy Needle
PublicationDetermination of chosen antibacterial antibiotics: amikacin and ciprofloxacin was carried out by HPLC-UV after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate and in their native form by HPLC-MS/MS. Developed methods have been applied to control the kinetics of antibiotic release from polymer-based controlled drug delivery system.
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Investigation of sour substances by five-channel potentiometric taste sensor containing all-solid-state-electrodes ( ASSEs)
PublicationAn elaboration of taste sensor for discrimination of different food products is of great importance for food industry. Potentiometric taste sensor containing ion selective electrodes with lipid/polymer membranes has already been applied commercially in food industry. However, time-consuming and demanding preconditioning method of ions selective electrodes as well as maintenance of electrodes’ bodies are disadvantages of this taste...
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INVESTIGATION OF SOUR SUBSTANCES BY FIVE-CHANNEL POTENTIOMETRIC TASTE SENSOR CONTAINING ALL-SOLID-STATE- ELECTRODES (ASSEs)
PublicationAn elaboration of taste sensor for discrimination of different food products is of great importance for food industry. Potentiometric taste sensor containing ion selective electrodes with lipid/polymer membranes has already been applied commercially in food industry. However, time-consuming and demanding preconditioning method of ions selective electrodes as well as maintenance of electrodes’ bodies are disadvantages of this taste...
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Study of the NO2 sensing mechanism of PEDOT-RGO film using in situ Raman Spectroscopy
PublicationIn this work, the mechanism of the NO2 reaction with PEDOT-RGO composite film has been investigated via in situ Raman spectroscopy. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)-reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT-RGO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)/ClO4− (PEDOT/ClO4−) films were fabricated using an electrodeposition method and used as resistance sensors of gaseous nitrogen dioxide. The experimental results indicate...
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Low-Temperature Requirements for Bitumen in Central East European Road Construction
PublicationThe paper presents the proposition of special assessment of lowtemperature requirements for bitumens in the region of Central and Eastern Europe where there is a moderate transitional area from sea to the continental type of climate. The results of the research program conducted on the road neat bitumens, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene polymer and polymer-rubber modified bitumen, and multigrade bitumen types were presented and discussed....
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Potential applications of crude glycerol in polymer technology–Current state and perspectives
PublicationThe increasing use of bio-based fuels and fuel additives, among them biodiesel, causes significant surplus of crude glycerol on the market which creates new challenges in terms of its sustainable utilization. A lot of ways for the incorporation of this by-product into different branches of industry requires purification by expensive and complicated processes. Therefore, researchers are seeking for applications of untreated crude...
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Removal of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics from wastewater by adsorption on cross-linked β-cyclodextrin
PublicationWe present a method using the material in the form of cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (CD) showing high efficiency in the simultaneous removal of hazardous pollutants from sewage, such as diclofenac (DIC), ibuprofen (IBU), ketoprofen (KETO), naproxen (NAPR), salicylic acid (SALI) and tramadol (TRAM). The material is stable and particularly easy to regenerate. The sorbent probably remembers the shape of the contaminants, which increases...
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Effect of Variation of Hard Segment Content and Graphene-Based Nanofiller Concentration on Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Nanocomposites
PublicationThis study describes the development of a new class of high-performance polyurethane elastomer nanocomposites containing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) or graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). Two types of polyurethane elastomers with different contents of hard segments (HS) were used as a polymer matrix. The developed nanocomposites were characterized by thermal analysis (DSC, TG), dynamic mechanical testing (DMA), hardness testing, mechanical...
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Influence of the internal electrolyte composition on amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor properties
PublicationIn this work amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor with a liquid electrolyte, a mercury sulphate reference electrode and solid polymer electrolyte (Nafion) covered with gold as a working electrode will be presented. The main goal of this research is to determine the influence of internal electrolyte composition on the sensor properties. Sensor filled with 1M and 5M sulphuric acid has been investigated.
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Influence of the internal electrolyte composition on amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor properties
PublicationIn this work investigation of an amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor with a liquid electrolyte, a mercury sulphate reference electrode and solid polymer electrolyte (Nafion) covered with gold as a working electrode properties is presented. The main goal of this research is to determine the influence of internal electrolyte composition on the sensor properties. Sensor filled with 1M and 5M sulphuric acid has been studied.
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Monitoring of crosslinking of a DGEBA-PAMAM adhesive in composite/aluminium bonded joint using mechanical and ultra-sound techniques
PublicationAdhesive cure is an important and determining aspect of strength and stability of bonded structures. Crosslinking of the polymer leads to the adhesive strength, stiffness and durability. Depending on the resin and curing agent used, cure time can vary from minutes to weeks, even then 100% crosslinking not being guaranteed. Standard methods based on dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) or calorimetric techniques (DSC, DTA) are valuable...
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In-Situ Processing of Biocomposites via Reactive Extrusion
PublicationLaw regulations, economic and environmental factors are the main causes for the rapidly growing interests in biocomposites’ research, conducted currently in a number of academic and industrial scientific centers. However, weak polymer matrix/filler interactions, common in biocomposites, result in unsatisfactory mechanical properties, which limit their practical applications. From many attempts performed to solve this problem, in-situ...
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High-density Polyethylene - Expanded Perlite Composites: Structural Oriented Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties
PublicationAs part of this work, research was carried out on the effect of the addition of expanded perlite (PR) on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (PE) composites. Composites containing from 1 to 10 wt% of the inorganic filler were produced. Polyethylene-based composites manufactured by twin-screw extrusion and formed in the compression molding process were subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical,...
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Sensing the onset of epoxy coating degradation with combined Raman spectroscopy/atomic force microscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on epoxy resin durability upon 12-week exposure to UV radiation. The aim was early determination of the onset of epoxy degradation and for this purpose an epoxy film on steel substrate systems were periodically inspected using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The behaviour of examined polymer could be divided into three periods: immunity,...
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Validation Process for Computational Model of Full-Scale Segment for Design of Composite Footbridge
PublicationExperimental tests and numerical simulations of a full-scale segment of a foot and cycle bridge made of polymer composites are presented in the paper. The analysed structure is made of sandwich panels, which consist of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) multi-layered laminate faces and a PET foam (obtained from recycling) core. The dimensions of the segment cross-section are the same as for the target footbridge; however, span...
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On geometrically non-linear FEA of laminated FRP composite panels
PublicationThe paper presents a state-of-art review on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of geometrically non-linear problems for laminated composite plates and shells made as fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. Besides a subjective overview of the historical development of geometrically non-linear FEA of laminated FRP composite panels, some remarks on possible future issues in this research area are given
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Determination of the shape of the CFGFT cylindrical column based on laboratory tests
PublicationAnalyses were carried out on glass-fibre-reinforced polymer tube columns with reference to laboratory tests. The angles of the glass fibre beams were 20◦, 55◦ and 85◦. The study employed non-classical operational calculus. Various modulated harmonic signal shapes were considered for columns and tubes at buckling. The buckling loads were assessed and compared for different models.
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Variable Temperature Spectroscopic Ellipsometry as a Tool for Insight into the Optical Order in the P3HT:PC70BM and PC70BM Layers
PublicationTwo combined ellipsometric techniques—variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and variable temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE)—were used as tools to study the surface order and dielectric properties of thin films of a poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) mixture with a fullerene derivative (6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) (PC70BM). Under the influence of annealing, a layer of the ordered PC70BM...
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Preparation and characterisation of solution-cast Nafion membrane
PublicationNafion is a commercial name for a perfluorosulfonic polymer, which has been developed in 1962 by Dupont de Nemours. This polymer consists of a polytetrafluoroethylene backbone and regular spaced long perfluorovinyl ether pendant side chains terminated by a sulfonate ionic group. These sulfonate groups are responsible for cation-exchange properties of Nafion. Thanks to the ion-exchange properties, water permeability, good chemical,...
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Unveiling of polymer/fullerene blend films morphology by ellipsometrically determined optical order within polymer and fullerene phases
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The application of a photopolymer material for the manufacture of machine elements using rapid prototyping techniques
PublicationThe paper discusses the application of polymer resin for 3D printing. The first section focuses on rapid prototyping technique and properties of the photopolymer, used as input material in the manufacture of machine components. Second part of the article was devoted to exemplary 3-D-printed elements for incorporation in machines. The article also contains detailed description of problems encountered in implementation of the selected...
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Preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane-polyglycerolnanocomposite foams
PublicationThis work reports on the preparation of polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams containing different polyglycerols and layered silicate nanoclays. The rigid polyurethane foams were obtained in a laboratory scale, in a single step method, from a two-component system with a NCO to OH groups ratio equal to two. The reaction mixture consisted of the proper amounts of a commercial oligoetherpolyol, polyglycerol, catalysts, water,...
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Local impedance spectra of organic coatings
PublicationPublikacja przedstawia nowe podejście do lokalnych spektroskopowych pomiarów impedancyjnych powłok organicznych, oparte o mikroskop sił atomowych pracujący w trybie kontaktowym. Pomiędzy nieporuszającą się igłę mikroskopu i podłoże metalowe pokryte powłoką epoksydową przyłożono serię sinusoidalnych napięciowych sygnałów pobudzenia w zadanym zakresie częstotliwości. W ten sposób zarejestrowano lokalne widma w trybie "frequency by...
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Mechanical and thermal analysis of injection molded poly(methyl methacrylate) modified with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) fire retarder
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Dispersing hydrophilic nanoparticles in hydrophobic polymers: HDPE/ZnO nanocomposites by a novel template-based approach
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Identification and localization of organic coating degradation onset by impedance imaging
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Local impedance spectra of organic coatings
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Preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane–polyglycerol nanocomposite foams
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Kinetics and Mechanism of Potassium Persulphate/L-Serine Initiated Polymerization of Methylmethacrylate
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Saturation ESR spectroscopy of PA12 polyamide
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Spectral profiling of radicals in polymer degradation based on electron spin resonance imaging (ESRI)
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Development of stabilized protonconducting membrane based on poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol)
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Sulfonated poly(benzoyl paraphenylene) as a membrane for PEMFC: Ex situ and in situ experiments of thermal and chemical stability
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Comparison of the effect of montmorillonite, magnesium hydroxide and a mixture of both on the flammability properties and mechanism of char formation of HDPE composites
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Synergistic effect of activated carbon and Ni2O3 in promoting the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polypropylene
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Recent progress in controlled carbonization of (waste) polymers
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Synergistic effect of fumed silica with Ni2O3 on improving flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid)
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Influence of modified attapulgite on silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives properties
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Incorporation of magnetite particles in 3D matrices made from the blends of collagen, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid
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Influence of nitrogen plasma treatment on the wettability of polyetheretherketone and deposited chitosan layers
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Effect of low-temperature plasma on chitosan-coated PEEK polymer characteristics
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The impact of lignin addition on the properties of hybrid microspheres based on trimethoxyvinylsilane and divinylbenzene
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Fully bio-based poly(propylene succinate) synthesis and investigation of thermal degradation kinetics with released gases analysis
PublicationOne of the most important information about polyesters is their thermal stability and phase transition tem- peratures. These characteristics give information about the promising behavior of the polyester during proces- sing. In this work, linear bio-based polyester polyols were prepared with the use of succinic acid and 1.3- propanediol (both with natural origin). As a polycondensation catalyst was used tetraisopropyl orthotitanate...
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Elastic polyurethane foams containing graphene nanoplatelets
PublicationElastic polyurethane foams were produced from two-component polyurethane systems (SPECFLEX NE 113 izocyjanian/NR 816 poliol system—SPC and Elastic MBMarket company system POLYOL ET MB 500/ISO ET MB 800—ET) by using a one-step method. The foams were a graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in the amount ranging from 1 to 2 wt.%. The effect of the nanofiller on polyurethane matrix was determined by analyzing the chemical structure, static...
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Thermoplastic polyurethanes with glycolysate intermediates from polyurethane waste recycling
PublicationThe polyol is a major component in polyurethane formulations and therefore introducing to the formulation recycled polyol (obtained during decomposition process) allows decreasing the usage of pure petrochemical components. In this work, thermoplastic polyurethanes were prepared using various mixtures of a petrochemical macrodiol poly(ethylene-butylene adipate)diol (PEBA) and a recycled glycolysate intermediate, called glycolysate...
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Processing, physico-mechanical and thermal properties of reclaimed GTR and NBR/reclaimed GTR blends as function of various additives
PublicationIn this work, ground tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically reclaimed in the presence of bitumen and various additives. During studies three types of processing and curing additives: (i) peptizer P300; (ii) vulcanization accelerator tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) and (iii) organic peroxide di(2-tert-butyl-peroxyisopropyl)benzene (BIB1) were applied to enhance reclaiming of GTR. Reclaiming process was evaluated by oscillating...
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A comparative study on selective properties of Kraft lignin–natural rubber composites containing different plasticizers
PublicationEffect of plasticizer type on the kraft lignin–nat- ural rubber composite microstructure and selected proper- ties was determined. The composites were prepared with addition of a commonly used naphthenic oil plasticizer to study the decomposition product of polyurethane (glyc- erolysate) and its characteristics. Kraft lignin powder was incorporated into the natural rubber matrix in amounts of 10 and 40 parts per 100 parts of natural...
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Microwave radiation in the synthesis of urethane prepolymers
PublicationThis paper describes the use of microwave radiation in the synthesis of urethane prepolymers in bulk (without solvent). The prepolymers were synthesized using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and poly (ε-caprolactone) diol (PCL) at a molar ratio of 4:1. The reaction was carried out without a catalyst in the reactor with a conventional heating system (oil bath) or in the microwave reactor (MW Reactor NOVA 09) at temperatures...
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Curing characteristics, mechanical properties and morphology of butyl rubber filled with ground tire rubber (GTR)
PublicationThe results on testing application of ground tire rubber (GTR), as potential filler for butyl rubber, are pre- sented. The GTR content variation, within the range of 10–90 phr, was studied with respect to the vulcanization process, static mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation-at-break, hardness and resilience), dynamic mechanical properties and the morphology of the obtained vulcanizates. Butyl rubber was characterized...
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Rigid polyurethane foams from a polyglycerol-based polyol
PublicationRigid polyurethane foams (rPUs) were synthesized by replacing 35 and 70 wt.% of petrochemical polyol with polyglycerol. Two types of polyglycerol with different molecular weights and hydroxyl numbers were used to obtain new ‘‘green’’ polyurethane–polyglycerol foams. The foams were prepared by a single step method for the ratio of NCO/OH groups equal to 2. rPUs synthesized with polyglycerol showed regular cellular structure, with...