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Search results for: POLLUTANTS REMOVAL EFFECTIVENESS
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g-C3N4 for Photocatalytic Degradation of Parabens: Precursors Influence, the Radiation Source and Simultaneous Ozonation Evaluation
PublicationGraphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a promising catalyst for contaminants of emerging concern removal applications, especially as a visible-light-driven material. In this study, g-C3N4 catalysts were effectively synthesized through a simple thermal polymerization method, using melamine, urea, and thiourea as precursors to elucidate the influence of these compounds on the final product’s photocatalytic performance. The degradation...
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Cellulose and its derivatives, coffee grounds, and cross-linked, β-cyclodextrin in the race for the highest sorption capacity of cationic dyes in accordance with the principles of sustainable development
PublicationIn this study, seven different materials were analyzed and includes coffee grounds (CG), two types of cellulose (CGC and CC), two types of modified cellulose (CT and CTCD), and cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (CD-1 and CD-2) were tested as adsorbents for the removal of dyes from the wastewater. The composition, morphology, and presence of functional groups in the obtained sorption materials were characterized by elemental analysis,...
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Optimized photodegradation of palm oil agroindustry waste effluent using multivalent manganese–modified black titanium dioxide
PublicationThis article presents a methodological approach to use manganese (Mn3+Mn7+)-modified black titanium dioxide (Mn/BTiO2) as a photocatalyst to optimize and improve visible-light-driven photodegradation of treated agro-industrial effluent (TPOME). A modified wet chemical process was used to prepare BTiO2. The BTiO2 was then wet impregnated with Mn and calcined at 300 °C for 1 h to produce Mn/BTiO2. The activity of Mn/BTiO2 was investigated...
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Artificial neural network prophecy of ion exchange process for Cu (II) eradication from acid mine drainage
PublicationThe removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater was found to be significant when the cation exchange procedure was used effectively. The model of the cation exchange process was built using an artificial neural network (ANN). The acid mine drainage waste’s Cu(II) ion was removed using Indion 730 cation exchange resin. Experimental data from 252 cycles were recorded. In a column study, 252 experimental observations validated the...
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Distillery Wastes as External Carbon Sources for Denitrification in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
PublicationIn order to improve efficiency of N removal within the existing capacities, the denitrification process can be enhanced by adding external carbon sources. The studies on utilization of various by-products or waste materials as alternative carbon sources for denitrification have been carried out for over 20 years (Sage et al. 2006). Among several commercially available organic compounds (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, glucose),...
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Impacts on human health in the Arctic owing to climate-induced changes in contaminant cycling – The EU ArcRisk project policy outcome
PublicationResults of the EU ArcRisk project on human health impacts in the Arctic owing to climate-induced changes in contaminant cycling are summarized in the context of their policy application. The question on how will climate change affect the transport of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury, both to and within the Arctic has been addressed, as well as the issue of human health impacts of these pollutants in the...
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Effects of beach wrack on the fate of mercury at the land-sea interface – A preliminary study
PublicationSince the 1970s, the amount of aquatic plants and algae debris, called beach wrack (BW), has increased along the shores of industrialised regions. The strong ability of primary producers to accumulate pollutants can potentially result in their deposition on the beach along with the BW. Despite that, the fate and impact of such pollutants on sandy beach ecosystems have not been investigated so far. This study examines the fate...
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Wpływ drążenia pionowego w silikatowych elementach murowych na nośność kotew wklejanych
PublicationThe article is showing results of measurements of the effectiveness of the assembly anchor of inmates glued in in sunk vertically lime-sandy blocks. Examinations were performed for cases of the assembly anchor in different fragments of blocks: in part fullwall, in an axis of symmetry and on the edge of the aperture vertical. An influence of the location of places of settling was examined anchor to the way of the forming of uniting...
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Analysis of degaussing process of ferromagnetic objects
PublicationResults of the analytical and numerical analysis of the degaussing process phenomena of ferromagnetic objects were presented in this paper. The screening effectiveness of the electromagnetic field of magnetic screens in most cases depends on thickness, conductivity, magnetic permeability of the screen and angular frequency of degaussing currents. The magnetic field inside thin-layer ferromagnetic object was presented in this paper....
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The International Mercury Cartel, 1928–1954: Controlling Global Supply
PublicationThis article describes the features of the international mercury marketduringthe firsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Itanalyzes the various market agreements made, their effectiveness, and their consequences. The period studied is little understood, although it was one in which mercury production greatly increased. It was also one that saw persistent efforts at market manipulation, owing to a series of agreements between Spanish and...
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Instruments shaping sustainable mobility of urban residents
PublicationUrban development increases the demand for efficient, fast, safe ecological transport. Extensive development of urban transport system, in particular transport infrastructure, changed the point of view about transport needs. Research on the effectiveness of transport systems for years accompanied the study of mobility. The development of modern technology, the need to increase efficiency of transport and increase environmental...
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Is Digitalization Improving Governance Quality? Correlating Analog and Digital Benchmarks
PublicationThe digitalization of public governance and the resulting concept of electronic governance is a characteristic feature of contemporary information society. Both can be defined as the process and outcome of digital transformation: transformation of the “analog” version of governance into “digital” governance. Measuring both versions of governance against typical performance measures of efficiency, effectiveness, equity, openness...
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Outsourcing w wybranych podmiotach leczniczych województwa pomorskiego.
PublicationCelem badawczym, przyjętym w niniejszej pracy jest identyfikacja procesów zlecanych na zewnątrz w badanej populacji wraz z czynnikami warunkującymi ich skuteczność. Celem utylitarnym jest opracowanie narzędzia umożliwiającego dobór dostawców oraz ocenę procesów poddanych outsourcingowi. W rozdziale pierwszym pracy omówiono pojęcie outsourcingu oraz jego wykorzystanie w zarządzaniu procesami organizacji. Zidentyfikowano również...
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Równolegle przebiegające procesy separacji pianowej jonów Al(III), Cu(II) i Zn(II) z roztworów ich mieszanin
PublicationMetody flotacji jonowej i precypitacyjnej należą do procesów separacji pianowej, wykorzystujących zdolność selektywnej adsorpcji niektórych składników roztworu na powierzchni międzyfazowej gaz – ciecz. Do zalet separacji pianowej zalicza się m.in. niewysokie koszty inwestycyjne i eksploatacyjne oraz wysoką skuteczność w obróbce roztworów rozcieńczonych. Celem pracy jest ocena wpływu kluczowych parametrów na wydajność i przebieg...
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Protection of Pedestrians as the Key Action for Implementing - Poland’s Vision Zero
PublicationWHO reports show that pedestrians account for 10 to 70% of total road crash fatalities. In Poland, pedestrians also represent a significant road safety problem. For many years, pedestrian collisions have accounted for approx. 30% of total road crashes with more than 30% of pedestrians killed. Therefore, pedestrian safety has been one of Poland’s main objectives in its road safety programs implemented over the past 20 years. The...
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Speciation of heavy metals in wastewater and rejected waters from multistage bioreactors (MUCT)
PublicationThe objective of the study is to investigate the occurrence and availability of selected heavy metals after subsequent stages of treatment in WWTP with activated sludge (enhanced biological N and P removal). To achieved the target it was necessary to recognize the allocation of selected heavy metals between aqueous and solid phase in wastewater and reject waters. Application of sequential extraction of such metals as Cd Zn, Pb,...
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Fuzzy Methods and Models for a Team-Building Process
PublicationThis chapter contains an introduction to fuzzy-logic model-based approaches for a team-building process. Such appraches allow extending typical recruiting practice and selection processes to enable a wider and more precise assessment of a new team and/or existing team members, taking into account both their hard and soft skills. Moreover, as effectiveness of teams depends on the interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence...
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Phytoremediation—From Environment Cleaning to Energy Generation—Current Status and Future Perspectives
Publication:Phytoremediationis a technology based on the use of green plants to remove, relocate, deactivate, or destroy harmful environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, radionuclides, hydrocarbons, and pharmaceuticals. Under the general term of phytoremediation, several processes with distinctively different mechanisms of action are hidden. In this paper, the most popular modes of phytoremediation are described and discussed. A broad...
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Green aspects of techniques for the determination of pesticides in fruits and vegetables
PublicationApplied all over the world, pesticides are some of the most dangerous pollutants of the environment because of their stability, mobility, their ability to accumulate in the environment and their consequent long-term adverse effects on living organisms in general and human health in particular. Their presence in the environment is a particular danger. It is therefore crucial to monitor pesticide residues using all available analytical...
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Application of multicriteria decision analysis to assess the greenness of molecularly imprinted polymers synthesis components
PublicationThe study applies multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank the components of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesis according to their greenness. The components are taken from papers that are describing synthesis of MIPs for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) sorbents. Functional monomers (n = 14), target/surrogate molecules (n = 10), porogens (n = 8), cross-linking agents (n = 8) and initiators (n = 4) are described...
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Greening procedures and analytical parameters. The polychlorinated naphthalenes analysis in complex matrices as proof of concept
PublicationDue to the complexity of analytical procedures employed for the determination of wide spectrum of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), it is important to consider the green character of the applied protocols and propose the greenest solutions. In this review, the green aspects of several analytical procedures used for the determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) (as a representatives of POPs) in different types of...
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Katalizatory wykorzystywane w syntezie biodiesla
PublicationRising prices of electricity, conventional fuels and heating require decisive steps in the further development of technologies based on renewable energy sources. These include geothermal-; hydrothermal-; aerothermal-; and solar energy. Due to the fact that the petrochemical industry is one of the fastest growing branches of the economy, we would like to expand on the topic related to biofuels. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar...
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Eksperymentalna weryfikacja procedury szacowania wytrzymałości młodego betonu wg normy ASTM C1074
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono metodę służącą oszacowaniu wytrzymałości betonu w trakcie procesu dojrzewania (ang. Maturity Method) bazującą na procedurze określonej zgodnie z amerykańską normą, która uwzględnia wpływ połączonych efektów temperatury i czasu na rozwój wytrzymałości betonu. Standardy ASTM C1074 zostały opracowane przez NBS (ang. National Bureau of Standards) z uwagi na powtarzające się wypadki na palcu budowy wynikające...
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Knowledge representation of motor activity of patients with Parkinson’s disease
PublicationAn approach to the knowledge representation extraction from biomedical signals analysis concerning motor activity of Parkinson disease patients is proposed in this paper. This is done utilizing accelerometers attached to their body as well as exploiting video image of their hand movements. Experiments are carried out employing artificial neural networks and support vector machine to the recognition of characteristic motor activity...
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A study on signal processing methods applied to hearing aids
PublicationThis paper presents a short survey on current technology available in hearing aids with a focus on digital signal processing techniques used. First, factors influencing the hearing aid effectiveness are introduced. Then, examples of the present DSP methods and strategies are provided. Also, a description of current limitations of hearing aids and future trends of development are shown. Finally, the notion of computational auditory...
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Economical methods for measuring road surface roughness
PublicationTwo low-cost methods of estimating the road surface condition are presented in the paper, the first one based on the use of accelerometers and the other on the analysis of images acquired from cameras installed in a vehicle. In the first method, miniature positioning and accelerometer sensors are used for evaluation of the road surface roughness. The device designed for installation in vehicles is composed of a GPS receiver and...
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Performance Evaluation of Preemption Algorithms in MPLS Networks
PublicationPreemption is a traffic engineering technique in Multiprotocol Switching Networks that enables creation of high priority paths when there is not enough free bandwidth left on the route. Challenging part of any preemption method is to select the best set of paths for removal. Several heuristic methods are available but no wider comparison had been published before. In this paper, we discuss the dilemmas in implementing preemption...
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Interspecific and intraspecific variation in organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls using non-destructive samples from Pygoscelis penguins
PublicationAs humans are present in Antarctica only for scientific and tourism-related purposes, it is often described as a pristine region. However, studies have identified measurable levels of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the Antarctic region. These are highly toxic anthropogenic compounds with tendency to travel long distances and reach remote environments, where...
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Wear of electroplated diamond tools in lap-grinding of Al2O3 ceramic materials
PublicationCurrent development of modern products, together with ever-increasing demands for their operation and usage, necessitate the search for new processing methods. Abrasive machining is widely used in many industrial areas, especially for processing difficult-to-machine materials such as advanced ceramics. Grinding with lapping kinematics, also called lap-grinding, is still one of the innovative methods of abrasive processing being...
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Modelling AOB-NOB competition in shortcut nitrification compared with conventional nitrification-denitrification process
PublicationIn particular, mainstream deammonification and/or shortened nitrificationdenitrification via nitrite (so-called “nitrite shunt”) is a promising new treatment concept that has the potential to revolutionise how nitrogen removal is achieved at WWTPs. Understanding the role of the AOB/NOB competition in the nitrogen cycle in wastewater treatment systems will change operational strategies of the novel nitrogen removal processes. The...
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Modeling organic nitrogen conversions in activated sludge bioreactors
PublicationFor biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems designed to maximize nitrogen removal, the effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration may range from 2.0 to 4.0 g N/m3 with about 25-50% in the form of organic nitrogen (ON). In this study, current approaches to modeling organic N conversions (separate processes vs. constant contents of organic fractions) were compared. A new conceptual model of ON conversions was developed and combined...
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A review on recent advances in the application of biosurfactants in wastewater treatment
PublicationMicroorganisms produce a variety of non-conventional surface-active molecules, known as biosurfactants. The biosurfactants find diverse applications in the oil industry, agriculture, emulsifiers, and wastewater treatment, to name a few. Since they are produced from microbes, advantages such as biodegradability, lower toxicity, and environmental compatibility can be leveraged compared to the chemical surfactants. Recently, biosurfactants...
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Zastosowanie addytywów w separacji pianowej białek serwatkowych i białek mlecznych
PublicationZaproponowano proces separacji pianowej do wydzielania białek ze strumieni poprodukcyjnych przemysłu mleczarskiego Ponadto zaproponowano zastosowanie w separacji pianowej białek serwatkowych i mlecznych addytywów dopuszczonych ustawą do stosowania w żywności. Jako cel pracy przyjęto uzyskanie wyników uzasadniających wybór takich addytywów, które intensyfikują przebieg i polepszają wynik procesu separacji pianowej białek. W części...
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Signature Partitioning Using Selected Population-Based Algorithms
PublicationDynamic signature is a biometric attribute which is commonly used for identity verification. Artificial intelligence methods, especially population-based algorithms (PBAs), can be very useful in the dynamic signature verification process. They are able to, among others, support selection of the most characteristic descriptors of the signature or perform signature partitioning. In this paper, we focus on creating the most characteristic...
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State of the art in the field of emission reduction of sulphur dioxide produced during coal combustion
PublicationThe need for clean coal technologies to reduce the adverse environmental impact of coal combustion products has been grounded. The article deals with information concerning present and future technologies, directed towards the struggle against air pollution by SO2, produced during coal combustion. Their classification and critical rating from economical and technological points of views (including those developed by authors) have...
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Standard Compliance Framework for effective requirements communication
PublicationStandard Compliance Framework (SCF) is a framework, which supports application of standards at the stages of achieving, assessing and maintaining the compliance. It uses Trust Case language to develop argument structures demonstrating compliance with standards. The paper presents how SCF is applied to increase effectiveness of requirements communication. Relevant mechanisms of the framework are thoroughly described referring to...
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Improvement of Imperfect String Matching Based on Asymetric n-Grams
PublicationTypical approaches to string comparing treats them as either different or identical without taking into account the possibility of misspelling of the word. In this article we present an approach we used for improvement of imperfect string matching that allows one to reconstruct potential string distortions. The proposed method increases the quality of imperfect string matching, allowing the lookup of misspelled words without significant...
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Eye tracking within near-to-eye display
PublicationIn this paper we investigate the effectiveness of the gaze interaction within near-to-eye display. The practical aspect of the paper is about combining an eye tracker with smart glasses. Presented research is related with the eGlasses project, which is focused on the development of an open platform in the form of multisensory electronic glasses and related interaction methods. One of the implemented interaction methods is the one...
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A Method and Device for 3D Recognition of Cutting Edge Micro Geometry
PublicationA very useful method was successfully applied in the investigation of tools for machining wood and wood based composites. It allows scanning of the cutting edge micro geometry in three dimensions and reproducing it in a virtual space as a 3D surface. The application of the method opens new possibilities of studying tool wear by scanning, including the calculation of volume loss and other analysis of tool wedge geometry along and...
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Evaluation of a sat-type fairness mechanism implemented in a dual-ring network
PublicationThe fairness problem was presented. Popular fairness concepts and measures were shown. The RPR fairness mechanism and the SAT mechanism were described. A modification of the SAT algorithm, adapted to the possibilities of Ethernet cards used for implementation of a dual-ring RPR-based network, was proposed. Performance of the proposed modification was measured. Jain's and Chen's fairness indexes were calculated. Effectiveness comparison...
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Exploring Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibition of WE43 and AZ31 Alloys by Aqueous Molybdate in Hank’s Solution by Multisine Impedimetric Monitoring
PublicationThe concept of utilizing multisine dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to monitor effectiveness of a model molybdate inhibitor for AZ31 and WE43 Mg alloys is proposed. The corrosion kinetics and instantaneous values of inhibition efficiency (IE) of molybdate at concentrations up to 150 mM were examined. The inhibitor provides inhibition in Hank’s solution at concentrations starting from ca. 25 mM, with the IE of about...
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Determination of selected parameters/ analytes in surface water samples collected in the surroundings of the capital of Spitsbergen (Longyearbyen)
PublicationPolar regions are extremely sensitive to pollution such as harmful gases, particles or toxic substances which affect the Arctic climate and ecosystems. Spitsbergen, as well as all Arctic region, because of its geographically distant location and lack of industry sector, should be free of chemical pollution. Despite this, many pollutants could be found in the Polar environment, for example in freshwaters. Their occurrence is related...
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Selective adsorption of BTEX on calixarene-based molecular coordination network determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy
PublicationBenzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), a class of volatile organic compounds, are harmful pollutants but also very important precursors in organic industrial chemistry. Among different approaches used for the BTEX treatment, the adsorption technology has been recognized as an efficient approach because it allows to recover and reuse both adsorbent and adsorbate. However, the selective adsorption of the components is...
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Isotope-labeled substances in analysis of persistent organicpollutants in environmental samples
PublicationUltratrace analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in environmental samples requires very sophisticated methods for both sample preparation and instrumental analysis. The complex matrix requires a multi-stage procedure. Each stage is a potential source of error, as a consequence of which the final result of analysis could be a source of misinformation rather than information. The individual stages and the procedure as...
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Sources and Fate of PAHs and PCBs in the Marine Environment
PublicationThe assessment of a hazard resulting from the pollution of the environment by chemical compounds is in principle limited to the determination of their concentrations in its various compartments. But for solving many problems in this context, knowledge of the emission sources, transport pathways, and sites of deposition is of great benefit. By far the largest amounts of pollutants, regardless of where they were discharged, end up...
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abiotic degradation of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes in water
PublicationIntroduction Chlorinated ethanes and ethenes are among themost frequently detected organic pollutants of water. Theirphysicochemical properties are such that they can contaminateaquifers for decades. In favourable conditions, they canundergo degradation. In anaerobic conditions, chlorinatedsolvents can undergo reductive dechlorination.Degradation pathways Abiotic dechlorination is usuallyslower than microbial but abiotic dechlorination...
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The use of bioassays in the analysis of environmental samples
PublicationToxicological tests are increasingly used as effective tool to complement the information obtained during the environmental monitoring. Moreover bioassays provide basic knowledge about the health effects of exposure to harmful factors associated with the environment. Toxicity tests might be a source of information about the content of pollutants in the sample, and the possibility of their interactions. They can be considered as...
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Air quality policy in the U.S. and the EU – a review
PublicationThe high level of atmospheric pollution is a global problem that has taken on particular significance in recent years and will continue to grow in the near future. Air pollution directly affects the health, living organisms, vegetation, water, soil and buildings. Additionally, it moves easily even over long distances. Certain air pollutants influence the climate, cause negative processes in the protective ozone layer and contribute...
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The role of analytical chemistry in the study of the Anthropocene
PublicationThe term “Anthropocene” refers to not yet formalized epoch of geologic time during which geologic processes have been dominated by the human impact. This impact takes on many forms. Biological, physical and chemical changes to the Earth System caused by anthropogenic activity are recorded in natural archives either as new fossil assemblages (neobiota), anthropogenic deposits or a wide variety of pollutants emitted to the environment....
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Indoor air quality of everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes—a review
PublicationAccording to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of the indoor environment in residential households or apartments are human activities such as cooking, smoking, cleaning, and indoor exercising. The paper presents a literature overview related to air quality in everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes which are integral parts of residential buildings, such as kitchens, basements,...