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Search results for: ATMOSPHERIC DISTILLATION OF CRUDE OIL OVERHEAD DISTILLATION COLUMN CORROSION HYDROLYSIS OF CHLORIDE SALTS AND ORGANIC CHLORIDES
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Wet H2S corrosion and degradation of pipeline in amine regeneration system
PublicationThe paper presents the results of NDT examinations, metallographic tests and risk assessment of degradation related to corrosion of amine regeneration unit in a desulphurisation system. Intensive corrosion resulting from acid gases environment upon water condensation causes perforation of the pipeline. Detailed analysis reveals cracking related to the mechanism of wet H2S. Hydrogen penetration, resulting from the wet H2S process,...
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M-BDC (M = Co and/ or Fe) MOFs as effective catalysts for hydrogen generation via hydrolysis of sodium borohydride
PublicationMono- (Co-BDC, Fe-BDC) and bimetallic FeCo-BDC Metal-Organic Frameworks are successfully synthesized by the solvothermal method in DMF at 150 °C within 15 h and tested as catalysts for sodium borohydride hydrolysis. The materials are characterized by FTIR, PXRD, TGA, ICP-OES, H2-TPR, BET model, and SEM-EDS. The catalytic activity of these materials is studied for dehydrogenation of sodium borohydride in water at various temperatures...
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Estimation and modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate based on the batch respirometric tests in activated sludge systems
PublicationNowadays, appropriate determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation together with degradation kinetics of organic compounds have a prime importance on the design and operation of activated sludge systems. Batch respirometric tests based on the oxygen uptake rates (OUR) and corresponding COD is accepted method to reflect the consumption of biodegradable substrates. The influence of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction...
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Influence of a Lighting Column in the Working Width of a W-Beam Barrier on TB51 Crash Test
PublicationRoad equipment, such as, e.g., road safety barriers and lighting columns, are subject to certification according to the EN1317 standard to be allowed for use on European roads. In engineering practice, due to the terrain conditions, there are cases where other road equipment is installed within the working width of road safety barriers. Such situations are not considered during the certification process. Hence, the aim of this...
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Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel
PublicationThis paper presents results of the research on impact of microstructure of austenitic-ferritic steel of duplex type on its mechanical properties and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. As showed, improper processing technologies more and more often used in shipbuilding industry for plates and other half-finished products made of duplex steel may cause significant lowering their properties, which frequently makes their...
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Characteristics of volatile organic compounds emission profiles from hot road bitumens
PublicationA procedure for the investigation and comparison of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission profiles to the atmosphere from road bitumens with various degrees of oxidation is proposed. The procedure makes use of headspace analysis and gas chromatography with universal as well as selective detection, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The studies revealed that so-called vacuum residue, which is the main component...
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Multi-sensor monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in utility water installations
PublicationThis paper presents an implementation of the monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in a utility water installation using an automated corrosion monitoring system. Due to the fact that the corrosion inhibitor was added to water intended for human consumption, it was necessary to build a multi-sensor monitoring system. In order to implement corrosion monitoring using a linear...
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Modeling the global atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes
PublicationMercury contamination in the Great Lakes continues to have important public health and wildlife ecotoxicology impacts, and atmospheric deposition is a significant ongoing loading pathway. The objective of this study was to estimate the amount and source-attribution for atmospheric mercury deposition to each lake, information needed to prioritize amelioration efforts. A new global, Eulerian version of the HYSPLIT-Hg model was used...
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Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic melamine sponges impregnated with deep eutectic solvents for oil spill cleanup
PublicationThe extensive extraction of oil from the bottom of seas and oceans and its transportation by tankers increase the risk of potential environmental disasters associated with hydrocarbon fractions entering water reservoirs. Therefore, this paper presents the preparation of a simple impregnation of a melamine sponge with deep eutectic solvents (DES), which can be obtained from natural sources, including coconut oil, palm kernel oil,...
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Risks caused by microbiologically influenced corrosion in diesel fuel storage tanks
PublicationMicrobiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) poses serious problems for the petrochemical and refinery industries. Particularly favourable conditions for MIC arise in storage tanks and transmission pipelines for mixtures of diesel oil with the addition of a biocomponent (in Poland 7%). The best conditions for the development of MIC occur at the fuel-water interface, where microorganisms are provided with a source of food and water,...
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Applying of Doped Graphene Oxide Coatings for Corrosion Prevention
PublicationINTRODUCTION Graphene is a carbonaceous material characterized by extraordinary properties (high electron mobility, high surface area, high mechanical strength of 1100 GPa, very dense network hindering the passage of even the smallest helium atoms) [1]. Therefore, it found many applications, also as an anti-corrosive layer [2]. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is one of the methods to deposit coatings. However, due to slight solubility...
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Damage Detection Strategies in Structural Health Monitoring of Overhead Power Transmission System
PublicationOverhead power transmission lines, their supporting towers, insulators and other elements create a highly distributed system that is vulnerable to damage. Typical damage scenarios cover cracking of foundation, breakage of insulators, loosening of rivets, as well as cracking and breakage of lines. Such scenarios may result from various factors: groundings, lightning strikes, floods, earthquakes, aeolian vibrations, conductors galloping,...
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Effect of oxidation and in vitro intestinal hydrolysis on phospholipid toxicity towards HT29 cell line serving as a model of human intestinal epithelium
PublicationOxidation of food-derived phospholipids (PLs) can influence nutrient digestion and induce oxidative stress in gastrointestinal epithelium. In this study, hen egg yolk PL fraction was used to evaluate the effect of lipoxygenase (LOX)-induced PL oxidation on the rate of PL hydrolysis catalyzed by pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the presence of bile salts (BSs). Then, PL/BS solutions containing native or oxidized PLs were used...
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Retention modeling of some saccharides separated on an amino column.
PublicationUsing an amino column (Supelcosil LC-NH2) and different mixtures of acetonitrile-water, quantitative structure-retention relationship models are discussed. These models are based on computed molecular descriptors representing numerically structured features of some saccharides. The obtained results are underlining the lipophilicity/hydrophilicity balance, and how this is controlling the separation of the saccharides. The resulting...
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The share of investments in gold and oil using the example of selected European stock exchanges– A comparative analysis
PublicationIn this article, optimal investment portfolios with minimal risk and maximum efficiency were calculated. The portfolios were designated for ten selected European stock exchanges, based on the listings of the twenty largest companies in each of those markets. All calculations were made based on company shares only, company shares and investments in gold, shares of companies and investments in crude oil as well as shares of companies...
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Aspects of intergranular corrosion of AISI 321 stainless steel in high-carbon-containing environments
PublicationPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of unexpected sensitization to intergranular corrosion of highly resistant AISI 321 steel in petrochemical conditions, where it was subjected to the simultaneous influence of elevated temperature of 250°C and vapors from the asphalt production process. Design/methodology/approach – Corrosion coupons were exposed in an installation carrying asphalt vapors. To identify...
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Comparison and Optimization of Saccharification Conditions of Alkaline Pre-Treated Triticale Straw for Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Followed by Ethanol Fermentation
PublicationThis paper concerns the comparison of the efficiency of two-stage hydrolysis processes, i.e., alkaline pre-treatment and acid hydrolysis, as well as alkaline pre-treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, carried out in order to obtain reducing sugars from triticale straw. For each of the analyzed systems, the optimization of the processing conditions was carried out with respect to the glucose yield. For the alkaline pre-treatment,...
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Total mercury and methylmercury (MeHg) in braised and crude Boletus edulis carpophores during various developmental stages
PublicationWe collected and processed Boletus edulis (King Bolete) carpophores grouped in four batches based on their developmental stage (button stage, young—white, large—white, and large—yellow). The study aimed, for the first time, to examine the B. edulis content and effect of braising and to estimate the intake of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) from a single meal based on whole (wet) weight (ww) and dry weight (dw). In...
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The Application of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS) Technique in Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibition Studies
Publicationorrosion studies have attracted considerable interest in the areas of materials chemistry and industrial chemistry, as it affects the direct and indirect costs of industry, leading to huge economic setbacks due to the need for repair, maintenance, and even shutdowns due corrosion damage. This new volume is a comprehensive resource that presents new and up-to-date, theoretical, and experimental corrosion inhibition studies.
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Effects of Column Base Flexibility on Seismic Response of Steel Moment-Frame Buildings
PublicationSteel Moment Resisting Frames (SMRFs) are very popular lateral load resisting systems in many seismically active regions. However, their seismic response is strongly dependent on the rotational fixity of column base connections. Despite many studies (both experimental and numerical) in this particular area, available approaches for estimating column base flexibility have been validated only against laboratory test data. In the...
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Magnetic and capacitive couplings influence on power and energy measurement in double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line
PublicationThe paper discusses influence of magnetic and capacitive couplings on power and energy measurement in case of double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line. There are presented and discussed various factors influencing the power flow among the line‟s circuits. Mathematical model based calculations results are compared to the real transmission line measurements.
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Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)/Epoxy Coatings: A Review
PublicationEpoxy coatings are developing fast in order to meet the requirements of advanced materials and systems. Progress in nanomaterial science and technology has opened a new era of engineering for tailoring the bulk and surface properties of organic coatings, e.g., adhesion to the substrate, anti-corrosion, mechanical, flame-retardant, and self-healing characteristics. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of coordinative polymers...
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Tree rings as an indicator of atmospheric pollutant deposition to subalpine spruce forests in the Sudetes (Southern Poland)
PublicationIn spite of their moderate altitude (1000–1600m a.s.l.), the Western SudetyMountains belong to areas with the most efficient fog precipitation in Europe. Intense industrial activity in the area of windward western foothills caused an exceptional intensification of atmospheric pollutant deposition via precipitation and fog to take place since the 1950s. In the second half of the 1970s a massive spruce forest dieback began affecting...
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DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE CORROSION OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BASED ON ANALYSIS OF ON-LINE CORROSION MONITORING RESULTS
PublicationCorrosion of water distribution system is a significant issue causing problems with quality, safety and continuity of distribution. The changes of corrosion rates of the water distribution systems in Cracow made of carbon steel were investigated by analysis of online corrosion monitoring system results. Corrosion rates were determined using the linear polarization method. The impact of rain, temperatures, conductivity, dissolved...
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Bifurcation of equilibrium forms of a gas column rotating with constant speed around its axis of symmetry
PublicationWe will be concerned with the problem of deformation of the lateral surface of a column that rotates with constant speed around its axis of symmetry. The column is filled by a gas and our goal is to investigate the deformation of the lateral surface depending on the pressure of the gas.
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Changes of emissions and atmospheric deposition of mercury, lead and cadmium
PublicationPrzedstawiono informacje o zmianach emisji rtęci, ołowiu i kadmu w przeszłości, jak również przedyskutowano poziom aktualnych emisji tych zanieczyszczeń oraz ich scenariusze zmian w przyszłości. Przeanalizowano wpływ różnych parametrów na zmiany emisji w tym stopień implementacji różnych strategii kontroli emisji w Europie. Scenariusze zmian emisji w przyszłości oparte są na scenariuszach rozwoju gospodarczego w poszczególnych...
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Hydrophobic PVDF hollow fiber membranes with narrow pore size distribution and ultra-thin skin for the fresh water production through membrane distillation
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Chicken feather keratin as a source of bioactive peptides useful in prevention of metabolic disorders – in silico and in vitro hydrolysis
PublicationProtein derived bioactive peptides not only serve as nutrients but can also exert drug-like activity, e.g. antidiabetic, antihypertensive, or antimicrobial, to name a few. Most biopeptides have beneficial effects on health that make them attractive for nutraceutical applications. The majority of bioactive peptides have been obtained from food proteins, but protein-rich by-products generated by agriculture...
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A review of amide bond formation in microwave organic synthesis
PublicationMicrowave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) is one of the most current trends in organic chemistry. Herein, both the most popular and new approaches in microwave-syntheses of very important linkage in Nature - amide bond - are overviewed and compared with conventional synthetic routes.
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Single-phase product obtained via crude glycerine depolymerisation of polyurethane elastomer: structure characterisation and rheological behaviour
PublicationPolyurethane recycling is a topic of growing interest due to the increasing amount of polyurethanewaste. The main purpose of polyurethane feedstock recycling is to recover the starting polyol, a valuable material. In thiswork, amethod of polyurethane thermo-chemical recycling, glycerolysisbymeansof crude glycerine, is proposed. Themaineffort is focusedonthe employment of crude glycerine without purification from biodiesel production...
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Experimental and analytical analysis of punching shear in flat slabs supported on column topped with concrete head
PublicationAn experimental laboraatory test of the two series of slab-column elements topped with drop panels of varying sizes is described in this paper. The scope of the paper is to investigate the influence of the drop panel size and stiffness on the behaviour of the connection between the flat slab and the column topped by the concrete head. The impact of the head size and stiffness is analysed analytically and experimentally. The experimental...
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Grzegorz Boczkaj dr hab. inż.
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Magnetic and capacitive couplings influence on power losses in double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line
PublicationPurpose – The paper aims to discuss problems of power and energy losses in a double-circuit overhead transmission line. It was observed from energymeters’ readings, that in such a line, active power losses can be measured as “negative”. The “negative” active power losses appear when the active power injected to the circuit is lower than the active power received at the circuit end. The purpose of this paper is to explain this phenomenon. Theoretical...
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Understanding the early-stage release of volatile organic compounds from rapeseed oil during deep-frying of tubers by targeted and omics-inspired approaches using PTR-MS and gas chromatography
PublicationDuring deep-frying, a plethora of volatile products is emitted with the fumes. These compounds could act as oil quality indicators and change the indoor air composition leading to health risks for occupants. The presented experiments focus on deep-frying of different tubers in rapeseed oil at different frying temperatures. Here, two scenarios for real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using proton transfer reaction...
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Exploring Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibition of WE43 and AZ31 Alloys by Aqueous Molybdate in Hank’s Solution by Multisine Impedimetric Monitoring
PublicationThe concept of utilizing multisine dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to monitor effectiveness of a model molybdate inhibitor for AZ31 and WE43 Mg alloys is proposed. The corrosion kinetics and instantaneous values of inhibition efficiency (IE) of molybdate at concentrations up to 150 mM were examined. The inhibitor provides inhibition in Hank’s solution at concentrations starting from ca. 25 mM, with the IE of about...
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THE APPLICATION OF KALMAN FILTERING TO PREDICT VERTICAL RAIL AXIS DISPLACEMENTS OF THE OVERHEAD CRANE BEING A COMPONENT OF SEAPORT TRANSPORT STRUCTURE
PublicationAs the devices designed to transport materials, the overhead cranes should meet certain geometric requirements for their operation to be safe. The presently available geodetic equipment, in particular total stations, provides opportunities for precise 3D measurements of coordinates of the controlled points. These coordinates make a basis for correcting the height of crane runway axes. The paper presents a method to calculate position...
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Modification of gradient HPLC method for determination of small molecules' affinity to human serum albumin under column safety conditions: Robustness and chemometrics study
PublicationIn the early stages of drug discovery, beyond the biological activity screening, determining the physicochemical properties that affect the distribution of molecules in the human body is an essential step. Plasma protein binding (PPB) is one of the most important investigated endpoints. Nevertheless, the methodology for measuring %PPB is significantly less popular and standardized than other physicochemical properties, like lipophilicity....
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Acoustic emission studies of the 7075 aluminium alloy pitting corrosion process
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the cyclic polarization studies and corresponding acoustic emission measurements, revealing the pitting corrosion process of the passive layer at the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy in the borate buffer with different chloride ions concentrations, in the range between 0.05 and 25 mM.
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Influence of pitting corrosion on fatigue and corrosion fatigue of ship and offshore structures. Part II: Load - pit crack interaction
PublicationIn the paper has been discussed influence of stresses on general corrosion rate and corrosion pit nucleation and growth rate, whose presence has been questioned by some authors but accepted by most of them. Influence of pit walls roughness on fatigue life of a plate suffering pit corrosion and presence of so called "non damaging" pits which never lead to initiation of fatigue crack, has been presented. Possibility of prediction...
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Stability and limit load analysis of a cold-formed channel section column
PublicationThe paper presents stability and limit load analysis of a steel column 1440 mm high of a cold-formed channel section, subjected to a combination of compression and bending. Experimental results were compared to the resistance of a code procedure and to the outcome of numerical non-linear analysis. Comparison was made of numerical solutions by means of static (Riks) and dynamic (Explicit and Implicit) methods. Perfectly elastic...
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Production of tropane alkaloids in Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) hairy roots grown in bubble-column and spray bioreactors
PublicationHairy root cultures of Hyoscyamus niger were cultivated in shake-flasks, a bubble-column bioreactor and a hybrid bubble-column/spray bioreactor and evaluated for alkaloid production.
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Removal of ketoprofen from surface water in a submerged photocatalytic membrane reactor utilizing membrane distillation: effect of process parameters and evaluation of long‐term performance
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Modeling organic nitrogen conversions in activated sludge bioreactors
PublicationFor biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems designed to maximize nitrogen removal, the effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration may range from 2.0 to 4.0 g N/m3 with about 25-50% in the form of organic nitrogen (ON). In this study, current approaches to modeling organic N conversions (separate processes vs. constant contents of organic fractions) were compared. A new conceptual model of ON conversions was developed and combined...
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Decolorization of organic dyes solution by atmospheric pressure glow discharge system working in a liquid flow-through mode
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Normal stress distribution in built‑up cold‑formed column in relation to interconnecting bolt spacing
PublicationIn order to increase a stiffness of cold-formed steel (CFS) elements it is practised to built-up the cross-section. In the analysed case, a main element is strengthened by adding extra chord in contact partially along the column. This additional chord acts as a longitudinal stiffener connected with the main section by series of bolts. Authors check whether rules applied over the years, for hot-rolled elements, can be indiscriminately...
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Corrosion Monitoring in Petroleum Installations—Practical Analysis of the Methods
PublicationThis paper presents the most typical corrosion mechanisms occurring in the petroleum industry. The methods of corrosion monitoring are described for particular corrosion mechanisms. The field and scope of the application of given corrosion-monitoring methods are provided in detail. The main advantages and disadvantages of particular methods are highlighted. Measurement difficulties and obstacles are identified and widely discussed...
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Oil refinery dusts: morphological and size analysis by TEM
PublicationThe objectives of this work were to develop a means of sampling atmospheric dusts on the premises of an oil refinery for electron microscopic study to carry out preliminary morphological analyses and to compare these dusts with those collected at sites beyond the refinery limits. Carbon and collodion membranes were used as asupport for collection of dust particles straight on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids. Micrographs...
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Atmospheric degradation mechanism of anthracene initiated by OH•: A DFT prediction
PublicationDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP level have been employed to investigate the atmospheric oxidation mechanism of anthracene (ANT) initiated by HO•. Direct hydrogen atom abstraction from the ANT using HO• takes place hardly at ambient conditions while the addition of HO• to the C1, C2, and C4 sites are thermodynamically and kinetically more advantageous. The addition reactions are controlled by...
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Conditions controlling atmospheric pollutant deposition via snowpack
PublicationSolid precipitation represents a potentially important addition to other measures of deposition. However, an accurate estimate of snowfall amount and pollutant loading is not a trivial matter. There are obvious distinctions between regular precipitation collection and snowpack sampling that represent the cumulative chemistry of bulk deposition. The main goal is to show the most important processes and factors that may influence...
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