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Search results for: SUPER DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL WELDING CATHODIC PROTECTION
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Hydrogen embrittlement of X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 super duplex stainless steel welded joints under cathodic protection
PublicationThe effect of cathodic polarization conditions on hydrogen degradation of X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 super duplex stainless steel welded joints, obtained using flux cored arc and submerged arc welding methods, was evaluated. Slow strain rate tensile tests of base material and welded specimens, ferrite content measurements, scanning electron microscopy observations, and statistical analysis were performed. It was found that hydrogenation...
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Underwater Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel
PublicationThe present work was conducted to assess the weldability of duplex stainless steel at underwater conditions. Interest of underwater welding of this steel grade is connected with necessity of preparing welding repair technologies for subsea pipelines widely used in offshore oil and gas industry. The GMA local cavity welding method was used in the investigations. Welded beads were performed underwater at 0.5 m depth and in the air....
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Corrosion behavior of hydrogen charged super duplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe electrochemical behavior of the weld metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) welded joints, made with the application of flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW), were investigated with the use of metallographic examinations (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), potentiodynamic polarization measurements and total hydrogen content determination...
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THE EFFECT OF WET UNDERWATER WELDING ON COLD CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL
PublicationABSTRACT The present work was conducted to assess the weldability of duplex stainless steel in underwater conditions. Metal manual arc welding (MMA) with the use of coated electrodes was used in the investigations. Tekken weldability tests were performed underwater at 0.5 m depth and in the air. Nondestructive tests, metallographic examinations of welds, ferrite content assessment in microstructure and hardness test were performed....
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Influence of Parameters of Laser Beam Welding on Structure of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
PublicationLaser welding is used in modern industry, having many advantages comparing to traditional welding technologies. Nowadays, industry sectors such as shipbuilding, automotive and aviation can’t be imagined without laser processing technologies. Possibility of increase of welded joint properties, autogenous welding and high level of process automation makes the technology of laser welding perspective part of the industry. Physical...
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The influence of the welding thermal cycles on corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel
PublicationBadano skłonnośc strefy wpływu ciepła spoin ze stali dupleks do korozyjnego pękania narężeniowego. Wykonano próby korozyjne z wykorzystaniem metody SSRT w środowisku korozyjnym wrzącego MgCl2. Wykazano, że duży udział ferrytu w strukturze SWC pogarsza odpornośc na korozję. Badania metalograficzne na mikroskopie lektronowym wykazały różne sposoby propagacji pęknięcia zależnie od zawartości austenitu w strukturze SWC.
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Laser Welding of UNS S33207 Hyper-Duplex Stainless Steel to 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using High Entropy Alloy as a Filler Material
PublicationThe high entropy alloy (HEA) filler used during the fabrication method determines the reliability of HEAs for steel-aluminum dissimilar alloy configuration. HEAs have a direct impact on the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMC) formed by the interaction of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), and influence the size of the joint’s interaction zone. A novel welding process for Fe-Al alloy joints was developed to prevent the development...
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The effect of pre-hydrogen charging on corrosion behaviour of superduplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe paper presents results of research undertaken to determine the influence of hydrogen on passivity and corrosion resistance of 2507 super duplex stainless steel welded joints. Butt welded joints were made with low heat input using flux corded arc welding (FCAW) method. Coupons of 5.0 x 5.0 mm were cut from the welded joints containing weld metal (WM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and parent metal (PM). Hydrogen was introduced...
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Autogenous Fiber Laser Welding of 316L Austenitic and 2304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels
PublicationThis study presents results of experimental tests on quality of dissimilar welded joints between 316L austenitic and 2304 lean duplex stainless steels, welded without ceramic backing. Fiber laser welded butt joints at a thickness of 8 mm were subjected to non‐destructive testing (visual and penetrant), destructive testing (static tensile test, bending test, and microhardness measurements) and structure observations (macro‐ and...
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IMPACT-TOUGHNESS INVESTIGATIONS OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS
PublicationDuplex stainless steels are very attractive constructional materials for use in aggressive environments because of their several advantages over austenitic stainless steels. Duplex steels have excellent pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, are highly resistant to chloride stress-corrosion cracking and are about twice as strong as common austenitic steels. Better properties are associated with their microstructures consisting...
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Hydrogen assisted cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steel in synthetic sea water
PublicationThe cracking behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steels (DSSs) in synthetic sea water under cathodic polarization condition was investigated. (SSRT) method was employed in aim to evaluate the susceptibility to hydrogen assisted cracking. The results showed that the reduction in the uniform elongation (UEL) and the reduction of area (RA) varied with the applied cathodic current density. Significant reductions in ductility were found,...
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Properties of surface layers of duplex stainless steel after burnishing processes
PublicationStress corrosion cracking resistance of cold worked layers of 25 Cr duplex stainless steel grade UR52N+ has been investigated. The surface layers were performed through burnishing treatment. The residual stresses at surface layers were determined using grazing angle incidence X-ray diffraction method (g-sin2 Ψ). Corrosion tests were performed with the use of Slow Strain Rate Test technique in boiling 35% MgCl2 solution. It has...
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The Effect of Welding Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Superduplex Stainless Steel Welded Joints
PublicationThe tests results of superduplex stainless steel welded joints made with a different heat input, using automatic submerged arc welding (SAW) and semi-automatic flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) have been presented. Metallographic examinations, the measurements of the ferrite content, the width of the heat affected zone (HAZ) and the hardness of the welds in characteristic areas have been performed. Significant differences in the amount of...
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Hydrogen effects in duplex stainless steel welded joints - electrochemical studies
PublicationIn this work results on the influence of hydrogen on passivity and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) welded joints are described. The results were discussed by taking into account three different areas on the welded joint: weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and parent metal. The corrosion resistance was qualified with the polarization curves registered in a synthetic sea water. The conclusion is that,...
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Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel
PublicationThis paper presents results of the research on impact of microstructure of austenitic-ferritic steel of duplex type on its mechanical properties and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. As showed, improper processing technologies more and more often used in shipbuilding industry for plates and other half-finished products made of duplex steel may cause significant lowering their properties, which frequently makes their...
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Effects of preheating on laser beam–welded NSSC 2120 lean duplex steel
PublicationDuplex stainless steels show sustainable alternative for the conventional austenitic grades, with higher strength, higher resistance against stress corrosion cracking, and lower purchase cost. Thus, duplex stainless steel gains more attention in construction, oil and gas, and chemical industries. Among duplex stainless steels, low nickel and low molybdenum alloyed lean duplex stainless steel are a cost-efective substitution of...
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DISSIMILAR AUSTENITIC 316L AND DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEELS WELDED JOINTS
PublicationThe paper describes structure and properties of dissimilar stainless steels welded joints between duplex 2205 and austenitic 316L steels. Investigations were focused on environmentally assisted cracking of welded joints. The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement was determined in slow strain rate tests (SSRT) with the strain rate of 2.2 × 10–6 s–1. Chloride-inducted SCC was determined in the...
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Fatigue Behaviour of Sintered Duplex Stainless Steel
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Induction Assisted Hybrid Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials AA5052 Aluminium Alloy and X12Cr13 Stainless Steel
PublicationThis research aimed to study the induction in-situ heated hybrid friction stir welding (IAFSW) method to join AA5052 aluminium alloy with X12Cr13 stainless steel (SS) to enhance joint strength. The potency of this method on the mechanical properties and microstructural characterizations were also investigated. The results show that the transverse tensile strength gained was 94% of the AA5052 base metal that is 229.5 MPa. This superior...
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Temper bead welding of S460N steel in wet welding conditions
PublicationWet welding is the most common method of welding in water environment. It is most often used for repairing of underwater parts of offshore structures. However, the water as a welding environment causes an increase of susceptibility of steels to cold cracking. For underwater constructions high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel are widely used. In wet welding condition a HSLA steel is characterized by high susceptibility to cold cracking....
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Review of titanium and steel welding methods
PublicationThe paper presents review of methods of titanium and steel welding. On basis of professional literature it was stated that titanium can be joined with steel by means of explosive welding or brazing.Joining titanium with steel by TIG welding and friction welding methods is possible with the use of copper and tantalum or vanadium interlayer.
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Kinetics of Intermetallic Phase Precipitation in Manual Metal Arc Welded Duplex Stainless Steels
PublicationThe article presents the influence of heat treatment on the kinetics of transformations in lean duplex LDX2101 steel and a weld made of standard duplex 2209 material, which was welded by manual metal arc welding. Changes in the microstructure, hardness, and magnetic phase content were analyzed after heat treatment was conducted at a temperature of 800 °C for a period ranging from 15 to 1440 min. Light and scanning microscopy, Vickers...
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Modernized cathodic protection system for legs of the production rig – Evaluation during ten years of service
PublicationThe modernization of cathodic protection system of the Baltic Beta platform legs is described. It was that the sacrificial anodes cone-shaped groups were to be placed on the seabed at a depth of 80 m. The measurements results of cathodic protection effectiveness during its ten-years operation are presented. The effectiveness was assessed based on the potential value along the entire length of the legs from the sea surface to the...
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Laser Dissimilar Welding of AISI 430F and AISI 304 Stainless Steels
PublicationA dissimilar autogenous laser welded joint of AISI 430F (X12CrMoS17) martensitic stainless steel and AISI 304 (X5CrNi18-10) austenitic stainless steel was manufactured. The welded joint was examined by non-destructive visual testing and destructive testing by macro- and microscopic examination and hardness measurements. With reference to the ISO 13919-1 standard the welded joint was characterized by C level, due to the gas pores...
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INFLUENCE OF CERAMIC COATING ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STAINLESS STEEL
PublicationCrystal structure and phase composition of stainless steel substrates (AISI 304 type) was studied and it was found that they adopted the cubic symmetry. The calculated elementary cell parameter for the mayor Fe-Ni phase (weight fraction 99%) was a = 3.593 Å, whereas the mean grain size was = 2932 Å. Morphology of the stainless steel substrate surface was studied with profilometry. Mechanical properties of the stainless steel...
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Temper bead welding of S420G2+M steel in water environment
PublicationThe article presents the idea of the use of Temper Bead Welding (TBW) technique to improve the weldability of high strength steel at underwater wet welding conditions. Wet welding method with the use of covered electrodes is described. This work shows results of metallographic examinations and hardness measurements of samples of S420G2+M steel with weld beads performed under water. It has been shown that Temper Bead Welding technique...
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Failure of austenitic stainless steel tubes during steam generator operation
PublicationThe article presents the failure process of austenitic stainless steels used in power devices, such as heat exchangers, steam generators, in terms of local corrosion: pitting, stress and intergranular corrosion, paying particular attention to welded joints area. The effect of steel chemical composition, microstructure, welding process and work environment was analyzed. The second part of the article presents the results of the...
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Sulfate‐reducing bacteria‐assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steels
PublicationThe paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of the microbiologically assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking (HISC) of 2,205 duplex stainless steel (DSS). The testing of susceptibility toward HISC was performed with two different methods. Precharged in sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB), inoculated medium samples were subjected to slow strain‐rate testing in artificial seawater. In situ constant load tests were...
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AFM analysis of duplex steel structure and composition
Open Research DataDue to the high content of alloying elements, duplex stainless steels are characterized by a complex structure of phase transitions. Among all types of intermetallic compounds, the sigma phase is of major interest due to its detrimental effect on both mechanical properties and corrosion behavior. It is an intermetallic phase enriched in Cr and Mo and...
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Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of TIG Welded Dissimilar Joints between 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel and Incoloy 800HT Nickel Alloy
PublicationIn this article, the mechanical properties and microstructure of 304L austenitic stainless steel/Incoloy 800HT nickel alloy dissimilar welded joints are investigated. The joints were made of 21.3 mm × 7.47 mm tubes using the TIG process with the use of S Ni 6082 nickel filler metal. No welding imperfections were found and high strength properties of joints were obtained, meeting the assumed acceptance criteria of the product’s...
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Austenitic stainless steel sensitization
Open Research DataHigh-alloy steels, thanks to their composition and content of appropriate alloying additives, are characterized by increased resistance to many corrosive environments. However, this is due to the increased sensitivity of the described construction materials to specific environmental conditions during their use. An example may be the increased susceptibility...
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Assessment of Corrosive Behaviour and Microstructure Characterization of Hybrid Friction Stir Welded Martensitic Stainless Steel
PublicationThis study examined the effect of induction heating on the microstructure and corrosion characteristics of hybrid friction stir welded AISI 410 stainless steel. Five joints have been produced with different friction stir welding parameters like welding speed, spindle speed, plunge depth, and induction power. Their microstructures were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope, and chemical composition was examined using...
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Underwater wet welding of S1300 ultra-high strength steel
PublicationMarine Structures Volume 81, January 2022, 103120 Underwater wet welding of S1300 ultra-high strength steel Author links open overlay panelJacekTomkówGrzegorzRogalski https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2021.103120 Get rights and content Under a Creative Commons licenseopen access Highlights • Technological method of S1300 steel underwater weldability improving was proposed. • Number of cracks and hardness of welded joints was...
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Cathodic Protection System of the Spiral Classifier at the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant—Case Study of Commissioning and Control of Operating Parameters
PublicationThe project involved designing, constructing and commissioning a cathodic protection system for a selected spiral classifier operating at the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant (O/ZWR). The authors developed a concept and assumptions regarding the corrosion protection of a large industrial device using a cathodic protection system with an external power source. Pre-project studies included conducting a trial polarization...
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Dry cutting effect in turning of a duplex stainless steel as a key factor in clean production
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Investigations on surface induced tribological characteristics in MQCL assisted machining of duplex stainless steel
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Underwater Local Cavity Welding of S460N Steel
PublicationIn this paper, a comparison of the mechanical properties of high-strength low-alloy S460Nsteel welded joints is presented. The welded joints were made by the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)process in the air environment and water, by the local cavity welding method. Welded joints were testedfollowing the EN ISO 15614-1:2017 standard. After welding, the non-destructive—visual, penetrant,radiographic, and ultrasonic (phased array) tests...
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Wettability of Horizontal Stainless Steel Tube by Nanofluid Droplets
PublicationThe goal of the present work was the experimental determination of the contact angle of three nanofluids, i.e. water-Al2O3, water-Cu and water-TiO2 on horizontal stainless steel tube of 1.6 mm OD. Of particular interest was the effect of nanoparticle concentration (0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% by weight) on droplet contact angle.
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Wettability of Horizontal Stainless Steel Tube by Nanofluid Droplets
PublicationThe goal of the present work was the experimental determination of the contact angle of three nanofluids, i.e. water-Al2O3, water-Cu and water-TiO2 on horizontal stainless steel tube of 1.6 mm OD. Of particular interest was the effect of nanoparticle concentration (0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% by weight) on droplet contact angle.
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SEM micrographs of the austenitic stainless steel corrosion in asphalt fumes
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of the austenitic stainless steels: AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 321 and duplex stainless steel AISI 2205. The samples were polished and exposed to the installation carrying asphalt fumes at elevated temperatures (approx. ~210-240 Celsius). The exposition duration was three months. Some...
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Bead-on-Plate Underwater Wet Welding on S700MC Steel
PublicationThe participation of high strength steels in marine and offshore structures is increasing, which makes it necessary to develop recommendations for underwater repair welding works. The article presents the results of bead-on-plate welded specimens made of S700MC high strength steel in underwater wet welding conditions by covered elec- trodes. Three specimens with heat input values in the range 0.91-1.05 kJ/mm were made. The specimens...
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The Impact of Crushed Rock Spoil on Pitting Corrosion of Selected Stainless Steel
PublicationThe paper presents the results of the pitting resistance investigations of selected stainless steels in the chloride environment and the simultaneous impact of erosive factors using the cyclic polarization technique. Additionally, using electrochemical techniques, ie: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and measurement of corrosion potential, the behavior of the passive layer of selected stainless steels in the environment...
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Conducting coatings as anodes in cathodic protection
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki pomiarów elektrochemicznych powłok przewodzących opartych o mieszaninę pigmentów węglowych osadzonych w matrycy polimerowej. Wyznaczono parametry powłok przewodzących w oparciu o metodę elektrochemicznej spektroskopii impedancyjnej. Parametry elektryczne i elektrochemiczne były wyznaczane jednocześnie, w czasie długotrwałej anodowej polaryzacji badanych powłok. Stwierdzono, że badane powłoki mogą być używane...
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EIS in diagnostic of cathodic protection systems
PublicationZaprezentowano wyniki badań wykonywanych techniką elektrochemicznej spektro-skopiiimpedancyjnej (EIS) na elementach instalacji ochrony katodowej podziemnego rurociągu stalowego. Przedstawiono widma impedancyjne następujących układów: elektroda odniesienia/elektrody pomocnicze; rurociąg/zakopane i przenośne elektrody odniesienia. Wykazano, że przy pomocy prezentowanej techniki można zbadać stan techniczny elektrod odniesienia, co...
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Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Mild Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel Components: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses
PublicationWire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an additive manufacturing process based on the arc welding process in which wire is melted by an electric arc and deposited layer by layer. Due to the cost and rate benefits over powder-based additive manufacturing technologies and other alternative heat sources such as laser and electron beams, the process is currently receiving much attention in the industrial production sector. The gas...
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Underwater Wet Repair Welding of API 5L X65M Pipeline Steel
PublicationThis paper presents results of the research of effect of polymer insulation of pipeline made of API 5L X65M steel as well as underwater wet welding parameters on properties of joints made by covered electrodes. Effect of heat input on structure and hardness of joints during repair of underwater pipeline was analyzed. Welding defects like microcracks, micro-lacks of fusion, slag inclusions, as well as HAZ hardness increase over...
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Properties of Vacuum Sintered Duplex Stainless Steels
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Properties of vacuum sintered duplex stainless steels
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Properties of Vacuum Sintered Duplex Stainless Steels
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Sintered Duplex Stainless Steels Corrosion Properties
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