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Search results for: PYROLYTIC DECOMPOSITION
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Do Body Composition and Values of Selected Nutritional Status Indices Influence the Glycaemic Index Values of Vegetarian Dishes? A Pilot Study in a Group of Older Women
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Composition and antimicrobial activity of fatty acids detected in the hygroscopic secretion collected from the secretory setae of larvae of the biting midge Forcipomyia nigra (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
PublicationThe hygroscopic secretion produced by the secretory setae of terrestrial larvae of the biting midge Forcipomyia nigra (Winnertz) was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The viscous secretion is stored at the top of each seta and absorbs water from moist air. GC-MS analyses (four independent tests) showed that the secretion contained 12 free fatty acids, the most abundant of which were oleic...
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Thermal Biomass Conversion: A Review
PublicationIn this paper, the most important methods of thermal conversion of biomass, such as: hydrothermal carbonization (180–250 °C), torrefaction (200–300 °C), slow pyrolysis (carbonization) (300–450 °C), fast pyrolysis (500–800 °C), gasification (800–1000 °C), supercritical steam gasification, high temperature steam gasification (>1000 °C) and combustion, were gathered, compared and ranked according to increasing temperature. A comprehensive...
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Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of polish blue-berried honeysuckle genotypes by HPLC-DAD-MS, HPLC postcolumn derivatization with ABTS or FC, and TLC with DPPH visualization
PublicationIn this study, different Polish cultivars of blue-berried honeysuckles (Lonicera caerulea L.), wild and bog bilberry, were analyzed for bioactive compounds. The chemical properties verified included composition of anthocyanins and other polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and profiles of antioxidants by HPLC postcolumn derivatization or TLC. The antioxidant activities of different blue-berried honeysuckle cultivars were similar...
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The effect of exogenous application of methyl jasmonate on the lipid and carbohydrate content and composition of winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) grain and the severity of fungal infections in triticale plants and grain
PublicationKernels of winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm. cv. Dinaro) were analyzed. In the autumn of 2015, the effect of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on the germination of triticale kernels and the development of triticale seedlings was analyzed in a laboratory before kernels were sown in experimental plots. Kernels harvested from plots in August 2016 were analyzed to determine their lipid and carbohydrate content and composition and the severity...
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Sources and composition of chemical pollution in Maritime Antarctica (King George Island), part 1: Sediment and water analysis for PAH sources evaluation in the vicinity of Arctowski station
PublicationThe paper presents a study regarding the identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fresh waters and surface sediments on the western shore of Admiralty Bay over four sampling seasons from 2017 to 2018. The results were compared to literature data from 2016 to provide a more comprehensive image of the environmental fate of PAHs over the years. The highest value of Σ PAHs was 82.9 ng/L and 445 ng/g dw in water...
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Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites
PublicationDue to growing restrictions on the use of halogenated flame retardant compounds, there is great research interest in the development of fillers that do not emit toxic compounds during thermal decomposition. Polymeric composite materials with reduced flammability are increasingly in demand. Here, we demonstrate that unmodified graphene and carbon nanotubes as well as basalt fibers or flakes can act as effective flame retardants...
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Fermented Vinegars from Apple Peels, Raspberries, Rosehips, Lavender, Mint, and Rose Petals: The Composition, Antioxidant Power, and Genoprotective Abilities in Comparison to Acetic Macerates, Decoctions, and Tinctures
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Próbki wód spływnych - sposób pobierania z różnych powierzchni i ich skład chemiczny = Samples of runoff water - sampling procedures for different surfaces and chemical composition
PublicationPrzedstawiono dane dotyczące chemizmu wód spływnych dostających się do środowiska w wyniku zmywania przez opady atmosferyczne zanieczyszczeń z takich powierzchni jak: arterie komunikacyjne, dachy budynków, obszary rolnicze i leśne oraz hałdy odpadów. Wyniki uzyskane w trakcie badań własnych zestawiono z danymi literaturowymi. Informacje o metodyce pobierania próbek i położeniu stanowiska obserwacyjnego warunkują prawidłowy wynik...
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Wpływ obwodnicy Trójmiasta na chemizm wód powierzchniowych niewielkich zagłębień bezodpływowych = The impact of the Gdańsk's ring road on the chemical composition of the surface waters in small outflowless pools
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu Obwodnicy Trójmiasta na chemizm wód niewielkich zbiorników bezodpływowych. Próbki poddano analizie na zawartość wybranych kationów i anionów oraz zbadano takie parametry jak pH oraz przewodnictwo. Uzyskane wyniki bardzo jasno wskazują na wysoki wpływ obwodnicy na skład i rodzaj zanieczyszczeń obecnych w badanych próbkach. Zaobserwowano m.in. alkalizację badanych wód oraz wysoki poziom stężeń takich...
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Effect of Thermal Treatment of Birch Wood by Saturated Water Vapor on Granulometric Composition of Chips from Sawing and Milling Processes from the Point of View of Its Processing to Composites
PublicationThe goal of this work is to investigate the impact of thermal modification of birch wood with saturated steam on the particle size distribution of the sawing and milling process. Birch wood (Betula pendula Roth) is an excellent source to produce plywood boards. Wastes from mechanical processing of birch wood are suitable to produce composite materials. Granulometric analyses of chips from sawing processes on the PRW 15M frame saw,...
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Impact of blending with polystyrene on the microstructural and electrochemical properties of SiOC ceramic
PublicationIn this work, we present the electrochemical behavior and microstructural analysis of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics influenced by an addition of polystyrene (PS). Polymer-derived ceramics were obtained by pyrolysis (1000°C, Ar atmosphere) of different polysiloxanes prepared by sol–gel synthesis. This method is very effective to obtain desired composition of final ceramic. Two alkoxysilanes phenylthriethoxysilane and diphenyldimethoxysilane...
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Structural and catalytic properties of ceria layers doped with transition metals for SOFCs fueled by biogas
PublicationThe aim of this paper was to investigate an influence of the nanocrystalline Ce0.8A0.2O2-δ (A = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) materials on the direct internal reforming of biogas in SOFC. Structural analysis of fabricated compounds has been done. An in-situ analysis of a composition of outlet gases from operating SOFC was performed using FTIR spectroscopy with simultaneous electrical tests. It was found out, that type of dopant strongly...
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Silicon oxycarbide ceramics as anodes for lithium ion batteries: influence of carbon content on lithium storage capacity
PublicationWe report here on the synthesis and characterization of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) in view of its application as a potential anode material for Li-ion batteries. SiOC ceramics are obtained by pyrolysis of various polysiloxanes synthesized by sol–gel methods. The polysiloxanes contain different organic groups attached to silicon, which influence the chemical composition and the microstructure of the final ceramic product. The structure...
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Biogeochemistry of three different shallow gas systems in continental shelf sediments of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea (Gulf of Gdańsk): Carbon cycling, origin of methane and microbial community composition
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Effects of three-month feeding high-fat diets with different fatty acid composition on kidney histology and expression of genes related to cellular stress and water-electrolyte homeostasis in mice
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La composition sur des lignes de fuite ou un équilibre manqué : le parti pris de l’espace dans les œuvres narratives d’Anna Langfus
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Comparative analysis of the quality parameters and the fatty acid composition of two economically important Baltic fish: cod, Gadus morhua and flounder, Platichthys flesus (Actinopterygii) subjected to iced storage
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Pre-Treatment of Furniture Waste for Smokeless Charcoal Production
PublicationThe aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using furniture waste for smokeless fuel production using the pyrolysis process. Four types of wood-based wastes were used in the pyrolysis process: pine sawdust (PS), chipboard (CB), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB). Additionally, the slow and fast types of pyrolysis were compared, where the heating rates were 15 C/min and 100 C/min, respectively....
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Gaseous products from scrap tires pyrolisis
PublicationIn European Union 75% of used tires should be recycled. The most common method of used tires disposal, is burning in cement kilns, which does not solve the problem. Pyrolysis process can be an alternative way of utilization of tires. The aim of the researches was to check the influence of pyrolysis products (gas and oil fractions) on environment. Samples from pyrolysis process, like light oil fractions or pyrolysis gases were analyzed...
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Skład zanieczyszczeń wprowadzanych do środowiska wzdłuż dróg o różnym natężeniu ruchu pojazdów mechanicznych = Composition of pollutants in the water samples collected along the highways with different traffic intensity
PublicationProwadzono monitoring poziomu stężeń wybranych zanieczyszczeń w próbkach wód opadowych, spływnych, gruntowych i rzecznych, pobieranych wzdłuż dróg o różnym natężeniu ruchu pojazdów. Zlokalizowano pięć stałych punktów pobierania próbek wzdłuż dwóch szlaków komunikacyjnych; drogi o małym natężeniu ruchu nr 501 w miejscowości Sztutowo oraz wzdłuż drogi krajowej nr A7 na odcinku Nowy Dwór Gdański - Elbląg. Próbki pobierano przez okres...
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Nanokrystaliczne warstwy ceramiczne otrzymywane metodą pirolizy aerozolowej w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych
PublicationNiniejsza rozprawa doktorska dotyczy badań materiałów wytwarzanych w postaci cienkich, nanokrystalicznych warstw ceramicznych metodą pirolizy aerozolowej dla zastosowań w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych (SOFC). Badane są trzy możliwe obszary zastosowań wytwarzanych warstw tj. osadzanie powłok ochronnych na stalowych interkonektorach dostarczających gazy do elektrody tlenowej, wytwarzanie bariery ochronnej zapobiegającej dyfuzji...
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A competition between two- and three-body dissociation channels in photo-double-ionization of tetrahydro-2H-pyran and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran molecules
PublicationVarious molecules possess structures consisting of the heterocyclic rings containing oxygen atoms. These substances often play a significant role in many different fields of chemistry, medicine, and biology. Due to a specific atomic composition and bond arrangement, many of these molecules retain unique electronic properties, which may be probed by diverse spectroscopic techniques, including those utilizing synchrotron radiation....
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New matrix-free reference material for ethene in the form of optical fibres
PublicationReference materials are indispensable in the qualitycontrol and quality assurance of analytical measurements. Onenovel approach to the generation of standard gaseous mixturesof toxic, reactive, volatile, labile, and malodorous substancesinvolves thermal decomposition or rearrangement, under definedtemperature conditions, of compounds immobilized, bychemical bonding, on the surface of an appropriate carrier torelease specific amounts...
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Recycling of Industrial Waste as Soil Binding Additives—Effects on Soil Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties during Its Stabilisation before Road Construction
PublicationTo improve the in situ soil stabilization, different chemical additives are used (ion exchange compounds, additives based on H2SO4 or vinyl polymers, and organic additives using lignosul- fonates). One interesting alternative is the production of additives from various waste materials. The extensive testing of waste-based blends with soil was performed; the mechanical (unconfined compressive strength (UCS)) and hydraulic (capillary...
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Asfalteny jako fazy stacjonarne w chromatografii cieczowej w normalnych układach faz
PublicationRozprawa doktorska dotyczy zbadania możliwości wykorzystania asfaltenów wydzielonych z: próżniowej pozostałości ropy naftowej, produktów jej utleniania i naturalnego asfaltu jako fazy stacjonarnej na powierzchni sorpcyjnej żelu krzemionkowego do rozdzielania nisko polarnych organicznych związków chemicznych w warunkach chromatografii cieczowej w normalnych układach faz, w odniesieniu do żelu krzemionkowego jako nośnika. Opracowano...
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Key issues in modeling and optimization of lignocellulosic biomass fermentative conversion to gaseous biofuels
PublicationThe industrial-scale production of lignocellulosic-based biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit society and the environment. The main pathways of residues processing include advanced hydrolysis and fermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, chemical synthesis and biological processes. The products of such treatment are second generation biofuels. The degree of fermentation of organic substances depends primarily on their composition...
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Utilization of ionic liquids for the enrichment of biogas
PublicationThis article discusses the dependence of biogas composition on organic feed material. High amounts of CO2 decrease the calorific value of biogas. Several technologies are reviewed which can be used to increase the calorific value. Special emphasis is laid on ionic liquids as a new absorbing material. ILs have a number of advantages due to their unique properties such as: low melting point, high thermal conductivity, no flammability,...
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Dissociative photo-double-ionization of the isoxazole molecules
PublicationThe five-membered heterocyclic rings are incorporated into a wide variety of structures that play a vital role in many biochemical processes. In particular, the isoxazole molecule appears in many bioactive compounds due to its unique ring structure that consists of one oxygen atom and one nitrogen atom at adjacent positions. The unique atomic composition and bond arrangement of isoxazole imply its specific electronic properties...
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Skład i zawartość kwasów tłuszczowych w mleku kobiet z gdańska i okolic w różnych okresach laktacji = Fatty acid composition in breast milk of women from gdańsk and the surrounding district in the course of lactation
PublicationCelem pracy była ocena składu i zawartości kwasów tłuszczowych w tłuszczu mleka kobiet w różnych okresach laktacji, z uwzględnieniem składu KT pokarmu spożywanego przez matki. Do badań zakwalifikowano 80 położnic od których uzyskano próbki mleka w 2, 14, 30 i 90 dobie laktacji. Jednocześnie przeprowadzono badania ankietowe na podstawie których oszacowano zawartość poszczególny grup KT w dziennej racji pokarmowej matek. Skład i...
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Design and distribution of air nozzles in the biomass boiler assembly
PublicationDue to energy crisis as well as increasing pollution of the environment, renewable energy sources usage increases all over the world. These facts encouraged authors to start research over developing a uniform biomass boiler calculation model. This paper presents a design of biomass boiler assembly created for ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) unit since these systems could achieve strong position in energy industry....
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Opracowanie optymalnych warunków rozdzielania i identyfikacji metabolitów ro lin z rodzaju droseraceae, z zastosowaniem wysokosprawnej kolumnowej chromatografii cieczowej= A research on the composition of eluent for separation of plant metabolites by column reversed phase liquid chromatography
PublicationOd kilku lat na świecie trwają badania składników roślin owadożernych wykazujących atrakcyjne właściwości biologicznie czynne, tj. działanie przeciwbakteryjne, przeciwgrzybowe, antyoksydacyjne, a być może, także, przeciwnowotworowe. Pozyskiwanie substancji biologicznieaktywnych z materiału naturalnego, na drodze hodowli in vitro a następnie ekstrakcji i rozdzielania jest bardziej korzystne pod względem ekonomicznym, niż ich wytwarzanie...
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Decomposition of duet instrument sounds. W: [CD-ROM] International Sympo-sium of Musical Acoustics. ISMA MEXICO CITY. Mexico City, 9-13 December 2002. Mexico City: Escuela Nacional de Musica UNAM**2002, 10 s. 4 rys. 2 tab. bibliogr. 15 poz. Dekompozycja duetów muzycznych.
PublicationW referacie zaprezentowany został algorytm separacji nagrań duetów muzycz-nych. Metoda separacji oparta została na algorytmie FED, przy pomocy któregomożliwa jest ekstrakcja części harmonicznych sygnałów. Ponadto wykorzystanyzostał algorytm estymacji częstotliwości podstawowej oparty na korelacjiskrośnej, w celu estymacji częstotliwości dekomponowanych harmonicznych.
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Degradibility in vitro of polyurethanes based on synthetic atactic poly[)R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate
PublicationThe aim of the paper was to determine the degradibility of aliphatic polyurethanes in hydrolytic and oxidative solutions. DSC, GPC, density, polymer surface morphology were studied.
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Mesophilic and thermophilic dark fermentation course analysis using sensor matrices and chromatographic techniques
PublicationProduction of biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit the society and the environment. At present, bio waste residues processing includes hydrolysis, dark fermentation, photofermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, and chemical synthesis. As the composition and the chemical structure of organic substances affect the efficiency of mentioned processes, it is believed that the glucose concentration is a crucial parameter for the...
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Analysis of elementary cellular automata using the theory of conflict
PublicationThe paper contains decomposition of elementary cellular automata (ECA in short) to subsystems that are defined according to a new theory called theory of conflict (ToC in short). The decomposition is a completely new approach to analysis of ECA and complex systems in general.
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Thermal and physical properties of ZrO2–AlO(OH) nanopowders synthesised by microwave hydrothermal method
PublicationIndustrially relevant nanopowder was synthesised by microwave hydrothermal synthesis to obtain well-controlled composition (ZrO2–AlO(OH) system) which was found to determine a number of physical and thermal characteristics. This study reports variation of particle size, density, specific surface area (SSABET), as well as thermal behaviour of nanopowder mixtures of ZrO2–AlO(OH) in the whole range of compositions. It was found that...
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Smooth Orthogonal Projections on Riemannian Manifold
PublicationWe construct a decomposition of the identity operator on a Riemannian manifold M as a sum of smooth orthogonal projections subordinate to an open cover of M. This extends a decomposition on the real line by smooth orthogonal projection due to Coifman and Meyer (C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, S´er. I Math., 312(3), 259–261 1991) and Auscher, Weiss, Wickerhauser (1992), and a similar decomposition when M is the sphere by Bownik and Dziedziul (Const....
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By-Products from Food Industry as a Promising Alternative for the Conventional Fillers for Wood–Polymer Composites
PublicationThe present paper describes the application of two types of food-industry by-products, brewers’ spent grain (BSG), and coffee silverskin (ŁK) as promising alternatives for the conventional beech wood flour (WF) for wood–polymer composites. The main goal was to investigate the impact of partial and complete WF substitution by BSG and ŁK on the processing, structure, physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of resulting...
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Visible light photocatalysis employing TiO2/SrTiO3-BiOI composites: Surface properties and photoexcitation mechanism
PublicationA series of binary TiO2/SrTiO3 and ternary TiO2/SrTiO3_BiOI composites have been synthesized using multistep preparation method. Characterization of the obtained photocatalysts covered complex analysis including morphology + y (SEM), BET specific surface area, porosity, optical properties (DRS), chemical composition of surface (XPS), crystal structure and crystal size (XRD). UV–vis and Vis ligh induced photocatalytic activity was...
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Low temperature deposition of dense MnCo 2 O 4 protective coatings for steel interconnects of solid oxide cells
PublicationIn this work manganese cobalt spinel (MnCo2O4) coatings were deposited on steel substrates by spray pyrolysis at 390 °C. This is at much lower temperatures than previously reported (typically in excess of 900 °C). It was possible to produce coatings with well controlled thickness (2-5-10 μm). The as-deposited coatings were evaluated for their microstructural changes and electrical conductivity up to 800 °C. Results confirm the...
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Catalytic activity of Ni-MgAl2O4 modified with transition metal (Ti, Mo, W) carbides as potential catalysts for resource recovery via dry reforming of waste plastics
PublicationThe growing amounts of plastic waste and CO2 emissions are two environmental threats that require urgent attention. Pyrolysis combined with dry reforming (PCDR) is a technology that allows both CO2 utilization and resource recovery from waste plastic. New catalysts for PCDR are crucial for developing efficient and stable processes that can be widely implemented in the industry. In this study, Ni/MgAl2O4 catalysts modified using different...
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Microwave treatment in waste rubber recycling – recent advances and limitations
PublicationEnvironmentally-friendly microwave heating is increasingly used in polymer chemistry and technology. The selectivity and highly efficiency in the heat transfer present a huge advantage in systems based on recycling, improving their productivity and economic competitiveness. In case of the industrial recycling of waste rubbers, especially end-of-life tires, microwave-induced devulcanization and pyrolysis are nowadays considered...
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Effect of pulse laser treatment at different process variables on mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes electrophoretically deposited on titanium alloy
PublicationPurpose: Titanium and its alloys are widely used as biomaterials for long-term implants, but they are usually surface-modified due to their weak bioactivity and wear resistance. Laser processing was used to modify the surface layer, and elemental carbon was a component of the deposited coatings. This research aims to use a combination of both methods based on preliminary electrophoretic deposition of multi-wall carbon nanotubes...
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Badania nad doborem najkorzystniejszego składu eluentu do rozdzielenia metabolitów wtórnych z grupy naftochinonów i flawonoidów z zastosowaniem chromatografii planarnej w normalnym i odwróconym układzie faz = A research on the composition of the eluent for separation of plant metabolities by reversed phase planar chromatography
PublicationIn the paper the results of separation of plant extracts by RP-TLC with different composition of the eluents are presented. Analysis of retention data allowed to select components of the eluent with favorable retention parameters, which can be used in the future for separation of this type of plant extracts by column liquid chromatography techniques.
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Recycling of Polyurethanes
PublicationPolyurethane waste can be recycled by mechanical methods (i.e., grinding and applying as a filler or pressing with a bonding agent) and chemical methods (mainly by e.g., glycolysis, hydrolysis, or aminolysis). There is also possibility to the recover energy from polyurethanes waste (by incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis).
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Screening stability, thermochemistry, and chemical kinetics of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid as a bifunctional biodiesel additive
PublicationThe thermo-kinetic aspects of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HBA) pyrolysis in the gas phase were investigated using density functional theory (DFT), specifically the M06-2X theoretical level in conjunction with the cc-pVTZ basis set. The obtained data were compared with benchmark CBS-QB3 results. The degradation mechanism was divided into 16 pathways, comprising 6 complex fissions and 10 barrierless reactions. Energy profiles were calculated...
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Noise sources in Raman spectroscopy of biological objects
PublicationWe present an overview of noise sources deteriorating the quality of the recorded biological Raman spectra and the ability to determine the specimen composition. The acquired Raman spectra exhibit intense additive noise components or drifts because of low intensity of the scattered light. Therefore we have to apply expensive or bulky measurement setups to limit their inherent noise or to apply additional signal processing to reduce...
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Copolymerization of Styrene and Pentadecylphenylmethacrylate (PDPMA): Synthesis, Characterization, Thermomechanical and Adhesion Properties
PublicationThe copolymerization of styrene (St) with a bioderived monomer, pentadecylphenylmethacrylate (PDPMA), via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was studied in this work.The copolymerization reactivity ratio was calculated using the composition data obtained from1HNMR spectroscopy, applying Kelen-Tudos and Finemann-Ross methods. The reactivity ratio of styrene (r1=0.93) and PDPMA (r2=0.05) suggested random copolymerization...
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Deposition and Electrical and Structural Properties of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 Thin Films for Application in High-Temperature Electrochemical Cells
PublicationLow-temperature deposition of electroceramic thin films allows the construction of new devices and their integration with existing large-scale fabrication methods. Developing a suitable low-cost deposition method is important to further advance the development of microdevices. In this work, we deposited a 1-lm-thick La0.6Sr0.4CoO3d (LSC) perovskite with high electrical conductivity on sapphire substrates at 400C and analyzed its...