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Search results for: background contamination
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Bacterial presence in polar regions associated with environment modification by chemical compounds including contaminants
PublicationMicrobes are omnipresent and diverse members of all biological communities. In marine and freshwater ecosystems, microorganisms form the base of the food chain supporting higher trophic levels. Even though, microbes generally are thought to live in warm regions of Earth, many of them develop in cold climates. Polar regions remain relatively protected from widespread anthropogenic disturbances, which is a consequence of its remoteness...
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Modern City Centre: Evolution of the Idea of Gdynia's "Premiere District" 1926-2007
PublicationThe article shows the evolution of the concept of the "Premiere District" in Gdynia in the years 1926-1939. It also shows the historical background of these changes and the history of creation the city centre in Gdynia
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Nitrogen pathways during sewage treatment in constructed wetlands in temporary climate
PublicationThe objectives of this paper is to estimate the role and quantity of the unit process responsible for removal or/and retention of nitrogen in different types of constructed wetlands in vegetation season and outside vegetation season. To estimate the role of the plant two objects inhabited one with willow and the other with reed were selected to assessment. Among anthers it was indicated that the concentrations of contamination...
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Homocitrate synthase gene as a new molecular target in diagnostics of Candida spp. infections
PublicationNew potential molecular target which will be investigated during this research (homocitrate synthase gen) is the innovative target other than ribosomal DNA. This gene encodes enzyme present only in fungi and some Archaea what significantly increases specificity. It also reduces risk of contamination or influence of other factors (reaction with other DNA present in sample derived from bacteria or host cells) what excludes false...
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Effect of shielded electrode wet welding conditions on diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal
PublicationWet welding is the most popular method of joining in water enviroment. During underwater welding, the weldability of steel is limited by the higher cooling rates and hydrogen content in weld metal. Article presents results of preliminary tests on the effects of wet welding conditions on diffusible hydrogen amount. Seven parameters were optimized using a Plackett-Burman plan to get the most relevant variables. These parameters were:...
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Organic matter removal efficiency in treatment wetlands simulation by COD fractions
PublicationThe objective of this paper was to investigate the organic fraction (colloidal, particulate, and dissolved) in sewage treatment in treatment wetland. Performance of TWs was simulated well with a simple first order model k – C* based on monitoring data. In this investigation background or residual concentration (C*) was assumed to be equal concentration of input influent organic matter in particulate (CODp). Calculated reaction...
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A Review on Deactivation and Regeneration of Catalysts for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis
Publicationhe deactivation of catalysts and their regeneration are two very important challenges that need to be addressed for many industrial processes. The most quoted reasons for the deterioration of dimethyl ether synthesis (DME) concern the sintering and the hydrothermal leaching of copper particles, their migration to acid sites, the partial formation of copper and zinc hydroxycarbonates, the formation of carbon deposits, and surface...
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A review of design approaches for the implementation of low-frequency noise measurement systems
PublicationElectronic noise has its roots in the fundamental physical interactions between matter and charged particles, carrying information about the phenomena that occur at the microscopic level. Therefore, Low-Frequency Noise Measurements (LFNM) are a well-established technique for the characterization of electron devices and materials and, compared to other techniques, they offer the advantage of being non-destructive and of providing...
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Looking for Social Enterprise Models in Poland: institutional and historical context
PublicationThe paper is an attempt at identification of key social enterprise models in Poland. The authors recognize three models: entrepreneurial non-profit organizations, cooperatives as well as social integration clubs and centres. Their social and institutional background is presented together with institutional trajectories of social enterprise development.
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A Finite Element Approach for Wave Propagation in Elastic Solids
PublicationThis book focuses on wave propagation phenomena in elastic solids modelled by the use of the finite element method. Although the latter is a well-established and popular numerical tool used by engineers and researchers all around the word the process of modelling of wave propagation can still be a challenge. The book introduces a reader to the problem by presenting a historical background and offering a broad perspective on the...
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Występowanie bakterii siarkowych a jakość wód podziemnych ujęcia Osowa
PublicationAbstrakt. Microorganisms that live in groundwater should be considered not only from the sanitary-hygienic point of view but also in terms of adverse changes in groundwater chemistry in the aquifer layer and its negative influence on the installed devices. For these reasons, it is important to correct approach to the problem of bacterial contamination of groundwater. The paper presents selected results of physicochemical and bacteriological...
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Urban dew formation efficiency and chemistry in Poland
PublicationThe measurements of dew formation efficiency and chemistry were performed in Poland in September 2009, as a part of a longer, two-year sampling campaign. Pairs of sites, representing centers of major Polish cities and rural conditions in three different regions, were compared. With the aim to get more detailed landuse-oriented characteristics of dew, two additional sites were set close to Wroclaw. Collection of dew at each site...
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Monitoring strategy for industrially contaminated rivers - A study of all year round behaviour of Klodnica river catchment, upper Silesia, Poland
PublicationThe study was undertaken to thoroughly characterise the contamination of water in industrially influenced river Klodnica, in order to explore monitoring strategies in case of limited analytical capacity. Statistical analysis undertaken after a short study was found to be helpful in reducing monitoring efforts in the future.Klodnica river is located within area of dominating coal mining, metallurgy, and additionally being influenced...
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2D inverse method of turbomachinery stage design
Publication1. How 2D model for turbomachinery stages has developed historically. 2. Recent understanding of physical background of 2D model. 3. Curvilinear system of non-orthogonal coordinates in the application to 2D model. 4. Set of basic equations. 5. Closing conditions for the inverse problem. 6. Examples of solutions a)
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The first International Comparative Social Enterprise Models Working Paper: Poland
PublicationIn this paper, social enterprise models: entrepreneurial nonprofit organizations, cooperatives and vocational enterprises for the disabled are presented. Their emergence and institutionalization in the Polish social enterprise organizations landscape is provided and analysed. Also, the authors point to the convergences and divergences between these three models. Additionally historical background and institutional trajectories...
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LOW COST MEASUREMENT MODULE FOR MATRIX OF AMPEROMETRIC GAS SENSOR
PublicationThis paper describes an amperometric sensor module for gas concentration measurement. A module can be used for many types of electrochemical gas sensors without major hardware changes. Device is based on AVR ATmega8 microcontroller. As signal processing circuit a specialized integrated circuit LMP9l000 configurable via I2C interface is used. The concept of a measuring system composed of several modules dedicated for a gas sensors...
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Natural radioactivity of solid and liquid phases from shale oil and gas prospection in Pomerania
PublicationIonizing radiation intensity data and estimation of equivalent absorbed dose from solid and liquid samples from prospection of shale gas and oil at selected sites in Pomerania are presented. Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are associated with geological formations or fluids and can be enhanced during oil and gas production. They appear in e.g. drilling cuttings, flow back water, produced water, scale and sludge....
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Extremophile Deinococcus geothermalis as potential source of proteolytic enzymes
PublicationAmong many extremozymes, thermophilic enzymes have attracted most attention during the past four decades. Such enzymes are of considerable industrial and biotechnological interest due to the fact that the enzymes are better suited for harsh industrial processes. There are many advantages of conducting industrial processes at high temperature, such as the increased solubility of many polymeric substrates, resulting in decreased...
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Gas sampling system for matrix of semiconductor gas sensors
PublicationSemiconductor gas sensors are popular commercial sensors applied in numerous gas detection systems. They are reliable, small, rugged and inexpensive. However, there are a few problem limiting the wider use of such sensors. Semiconductor gas sensor usually exhibits a low selectivity, low repeatability, drift of response, strong temperature and moisture influence on sensor properties. Sample flow rate is one of the parameters that...
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Use of Brassica plants in the phytoremediation and biofumigation processes
PublicationIn recent decades, serious contamination of soils by heavy metals has been reported. It is therefore a matter of urgency to develop a new and efficient technology for removing contaminants from soil. Another aspect to this problem is that environmental pollution decreases the biological quality of soil, which is why pesticides and fertilizers are being used in ever-larger quantities. The environmentally friendly solutions to these...
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Trace elements content of surface peat deposits in the Solovetsky Islands (White Sea)
PublicationPeatlands form environmental archives of trace element deposition. In this regard they are particularly valuable for areas such as the Arctic, where regular pollution monitoring is either impossible or extremely costly. The aim of this study was to assess pollution in the Solovetsky Islands (65° 05' N, 35° 53' E) by examining the spatial variability in trace element content of the uppermost layer of peat, immediately below the...
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Environmental characteristics of a tundra river system in Svalbard. Part 2: Chemical stress factors
PublicationBacterial communities in the Arctic environment are subject to multiple stress factors, including contaminants, although typically their concentrations are small. The Arctic contamination research has focused on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) because they are bioaccumulative, resistant to degradation and toxic for all organisms. Pollutants have entered the Arctic predominantly by atmospheric and oceanic long-range transport,...
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Villa of Countess Magdalena Łosiowa, Gdynia; Villa of Czesław Antkowiak and Jerzy Prokulski, Gdynia
PublicationThe article presents one of the most interesting modern villas of Gdynia, the villa of Czesław Antkowiak and Jerzy Prokulski at 25/25a Korzeniowskiego Street in Kamienna Góra. It refers to the modernistic architecture of the villa as well as the background of its owners and the development of the new residential estate in which it was built in 1938. The author presents the oryginal plans of the building and both the old and contemporary...
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Bioterrorism — characteristics and possibilities of prevention
PublicationIn the paper bioterrorist threats have been presented. Historical background and possible methods of attacks have been described. The most dangerous pathogens and disease entities have been classified. Selected methods of detection and identification of biological weapon have been presented. The wireless system for threats monitoring — developed at Gdansk University of Technology — has been described.
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Arctic Freshwater Environment Altered by the Accumulation of Commonly Determined and Potentially New POPs
PublicationChemical composition of Arctic freshwater ecosystems depends on several factors. They include characteristics of the surrounding landscape, its lithology, geomorphology, vegetation, and hydrological features, as well as accumulation of anthropogenic pollution. In the Arctic, the problem of environmental contamination is widespread. That is why research on lakes and river catch-ments in terms of their chemical composition has enjoyed...
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Birds' feathers – Suitable samples for determination of environmental pollutants
PublicationThe intensive development of industry and human population results in large amounts of different xenobiotic emitted into individual ecosystem components. As a consequence, monitoring of the level of pollution of particular elements of the environment by exotoxins has become a common interest. The determination of environmental changes by different types of biological indicators is called bioindication, which is used as one of the...
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The Use of Vegetables in the Biomonitoring of Cadmium and Lead Pollution in the Environment
PublicationLead and cadmium emitted from various anthropogenic sources have the ability to accumulate in tissues of living organisms. The phenomenon of accumulation of metals in the body is harmful and undesirable. On the other hand, the ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals from the individual elements of the environment has been used in biomonitoring of pollution. Leaf and root of vegetables have particular predisposition for accumulating...
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Endangering of Groundwater on the Municipal Intakes in Gdańsk
PublicationGroundwater from the Quaternary aquifer on the marine terrace in Gdańsk has been exploited for almost a century, supplying the town with water of good quality. However intensive exploitation in the past and development of the urban area influenced the chemical composition of the water. Hydrogeochemical background for such ions as chlorine, sulphate and ammonia has changed and also some organic micro compounds appeared in single...
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A Paradigm for HV, MV, LV Distribution Grid Development Planning
PublicationIn the literature, including that relating to businesses in the energy (and power) sector, the concept of these organizations’ operating paradigm may be found. The paper discusses the concept of the paradigm, with a focus on the power grid development planning paradigm. Against this background, issues related to energy security and power systems development trends and problems are presented. A new paradigm is proposed for distribution...
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Preliminary estimation of groundwater recharge on Brda river outwash plain
PublicationEstimation of groundwater recharge is one of the most challenging subjects in hydrogeology. It is a critical factor influencing the pollution migration, assessment of aquifer vulnerability to contamination, small-scale groundwater budget calculation, modeling of nutrient cycling and detailed flow path calculations. In Poland an infiltration rate method is widely used, which depends on a system of rate coefficients referring to...
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Activated Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Waste Wood and Straw for PotentialWastewater Adsorption
PublicationPyrolysis of straw pellets and wood strips was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The chars, solid products of thermal degradation, were used as potential materials for activated carbon production. Chemical and physical activation processes were used to compare properties of the products. The chemical activation agent KOH was chosen and the physical activation was conducted with steam and carbon dioxide as oxidising gases. The eect...
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Factors affecting the quality of bottled water
PublicationThe ever-increasing popularity of bottled water means that it is important to analyze not only its mineral content but also, above all,its content of possible contaminants, especially the organic ones. In this respect, bottled waters are a special case, because apartfrom organic chemical contaminants derived from the well from which they were acquired, their secondary contamination is alwayspossible, during treatment or storage...
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Low frequency of itraconazole resistance found among avian Aspergillus fumigatus isolates
PublicationAspergillus fumigatus is the most frequent etiological factor of invasive aspergillosis in human as well as animals, including birds. Aspergillosis caused by drug-resistant strains poses a significant therapeutic issue, especially if resistance pattern includes insensitivity to triazoles, i.e. drugs recommended for the primary therapy purposes. Majority of resistant isolates hold the TR34/L98H...
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The Process of Building Civil Society against the Shortcomings of Polish Planning Legislation
PublicationThe article presents the main assumptions of the project of Coastal Strip development in Gdansk. According to the authors best knowledge this is the first pro publico bono project in Poland in a large area of the city formed on the initiative of and elaborated by the city's inhabitants supported by two NGOs. Successive stages of the project preparation are discussed on the background of the shortcomings of Polish planning law...
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Unlocking the Secrets of River Pollution: Analyzing Organic Pollutants in Sediments—Experimental Study
PublicationUntreated wastewater released into rivers can result in water pollution, the spread of waterborne diseases, harm to ecosystems, contamination of soil and groundwater, as well as air pollution and respiratory problems for nearby humans and animals due to the release of greenhouse gases. The current study aims to investigate the recent input of anthropogenic loads into the rivers using linear alkylbenzene (LAB), which is one of the...
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Application of persulfate-based oxidation processes to address diverse sustainability challenges: A critical review
PublicationOver the past years, persulfate (PS) is widely applied due to their high versatility and efficacy in decontamination and sterilization. While treatment of organic chemicals, remediation of soil and groundwater, sludge treatment, disinfection on pathogen microorganisms have been covered by most published reviews, there are no comprehensive and specific reviews on its application to address diverse sustainability challenges, including...
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A COMPARISON OF WEAR PROPERTIES OF WATER LUBRICATED NBR AND PTFE SLIDING BEARINGS
PublicationThe excessive wear of a journal shaft can be caused by many factors, for example, working conditions (e.g., temperaturę, slip speed, the type of lubricant), pressure, the type of material used on the bearings and shafts and their roughness, as well as contamination remaining in the system. This paper presents the roughness profiles co-operating with a rubber (NBR) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bushes. The conditions of cooperation...
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Centrifugal magnetic fluid seals
PublicationSeals perform an important and at times overlooked function in a lubricant system. They prevent or minimize the movement of the lubricant between two surfaces and also minimize the level of contamination in the system. Seals are divided into static and dynamic types. Static seals operate in systems where the mating surfaces do not move relative to each other. In contrast, dynamic seals operate under conditions where the mating surfaces...
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Nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in coastal aquifers in Puck municipality area (northern Poland)
Publication1. Groundwater study shows local variations in chemical composition of selected aquifers caused by human impact The diversity is mainly manifested in • time variation of groundwater chemical composition of all analyzed parameters especially in shallow aquifers (Q1) • relationship between t he ground water chemical composition and depth of the aquifer where an inverse concentration distribution occurs higher concentrations are observed...
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Status and trends of mercury pollution of the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems in Poland
PublicationThe goal of this paper is to assess the current status and trends of total mercury (THg) contamination of the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems in Poland. The study shows that the reduced domestic and worldwide atmospheric emission of Hg resulted in decreased THg level in the terrestrial biotope and biosphere. Considering that Poland is one of the main Hg emitters in Europe, the THg concentrations in its abiotic environment...
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Pervaporation of volatile organohalogen compounds throughpolydimethylsiloxane membrane
PublicationThe objective of this work was to apply dense polymeric membranes for pervaporation of tetrachloroethene from aqueous solution. Three membranes were evaluated: polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-PV1 and PDMSPV2) membranes, and a PDMS with ZSM-5 zeolite filled (PERVAP-1070) membrane. The effect of feed composition on flux and selectivity was also investigated. Tested membranes showed good properties in the separation of tetrachloroethylene,...
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Quality of bottled waters
PublicationBottled water is a product that is purchased by annually increasing numbers of people of all age groups. The quality control of mineral waters tends to concentrate on the determination of anion and cation levels, since it is these that govern the taste, smell and possible medicinal properties of the water. The constantly rising sales of mineral waters bring with them the ever increasing exploitation of their sources. The consequences...
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Photolysis for the Removal and Transformation of Pesticide Residues During Food Processing: A State-of-the-Art Minireview
PublicationPesticide residues are of great significant issue that exerted adverse effects on humans. There is a need for effective and non-toxic decontamination of pesticide residues during food processing. In this minireview, the recent advances in the degradation of pesticide residues by photolysis have been firstly described during food processing. The mechanisms of pesticide residues destruction by photolysis were discussed accordingly....
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Performance evaulation of video object tracking algorithm in autonomous surveillance system
PublicationResults of performance evaluation of a video object tracking algorithm are presented. The method of moving objects detection and tracking is based on background modelling with mixtures of Gaussians and Kalman filters. An emphasis is put on algorithm's efficiency with regards to its settings. Utilized methods of performance evaluation based on comparison of algorithm output to manually prepared reference data are introduced. The...
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Performance evaluation of video object tracking algorithm in autonomous surveillance system
PublicationResults of performance evaluation of a video object tracking algorithm are presented. The method of moving objects detection and tracking is based on background modelling with mixtures of Gaussians and Kalman filters. An emphasis is put on algorithm's efficiency with regards to its settings. Utilized methods of performance evaluation based on comparison of algorithm output to manually prepared reference data are introduced. The...
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Trace Elements in Aquatic Environments
PublicationA trace element is defined as a chemical element whose the average concentration is less than 100 ppm (mg/kg, mg/L – in the case of a water matrix). In aquatic environments the concentrations of trace elements are usually at the level of picomoles per liter and lower. This causes extreme analytical problems, especially in situations where low content is in the range of background levels. Taking into account the role of trace elements...
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Enhanced switched parasitic antenna with switched active monopoles for indoor positioning systems
PublicationThis paper presents the concept of enhanced reduced-size steerable antenna array with two rows of switched active and passive elements. Designed array is similar to ESPAR antenna but it has a set of switched monopoles instead of central one. It is intended for 2.4 GHz ISM applications with emphasis on indoor positioning systems (IPS). Proposed antenna provides improved radiation parameters and reduced dimensions in comparison to...
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Properties and interpretation of Instantaneous Complex Frequency
PublicationThe concept of Instantaneous Complex Frequency (ICF) was first defined by Lindon and developed mainly in works of two authors S. Hahn and M. Rojewski. Although it is not widely used in signal analysis, ICF was already used as a complex signal representation in the verification of handwritten signatures, pitch estimation, symbol timing recovery in PSK receiver and in detection of anomalies in data transmission. It should be noted,...
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Talents, Competencies and Techniques of Business Analyst: A Balanced Professional Development Program
PublicationThis paper presents preliminary results of action research in which we search for fundamentals of an universal theory of balanced approaches to software process. It is developed on the basis of balanced approach for professional development program for business analysts which integrates approaches oriented on talents, competencies and techniques. This paper includes the description of key concepts in background approaches, components...
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Interspecific and intraspecific variation in organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls using non-destructive samples from Pygoscelis penguins
PublicationAs humans are present in Antarctica only for scientific and tourism-related purposes, it is often described as a pristine region. However, studies have identified measurable levels of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the Antarctic region. These are highly toxic anthropogenic compounds with tendency to travel long distances and reach remote environments, where...