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Year 2025
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AI-Driven Sustainability in Agriculture and Farming
PublicationIn this chapter, we discuss the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in promoting sustainable agriculture and farming. Three main themes run through the chapter. First, we review the state of the art of smart farming and explore the transformative impact of AI on modern agricultural practices, focusing on its contribution to sustainability. With this in mind, our analysis focuses on topics such as data collection and storage, AI...
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Anterior prefrontal EEG theta activities indicate memory and executive functions in epilepsy patients
PublicationObjective: Cognitive deficits are one of the most debilitating comorbidities in epilepsy and other neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric, and neurodevelopmental brain disorders. Current diagnostic and therapeutic options are limited and lack objective measures of the underlying neural activities. In this study, electrophysiological biomarkers that reflect cognitive functions in clinically validated batteries were determined to aid...
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Automatic Cleaning of Time Series Data in Rural Internet of Things Ecosystems That Use Nomadic Gateways
PublicationA serious limitation to the deployment of IoT solutions in rural areas may be the lack of available telecommunications infrastructure enabling the continuous collection of measurement data. A nomadic computing system, using a UAV carrying an on-board gateway, can handle this; it leads, however, to a number of technical challenges. One is the intermittent collection of data from ground sensors governed by weather conditions for...
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CeO2/La2O3/MWCNTs as an efficient nano-electrocatalyst for use in the anode of alcohol fuel cells
PublicationOne of the most important challenges in commercializing Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells (DAFCs) is the significant expense of advanced catalysts used in their anodes and cathodes and the CO poisoning of these catalysts with alcohol oxidation by-products. Alcohols oxidation reaction occurred in the anode of DAFCs. Within this study, a tripartite catalyst, comprising cerium oxide (CeO2) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3) integrated with multi-walled...
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Declarative ship arenas under favourable conditions
PublicationAccording to maritime regulations, a collision-avoidance action shall be taken at an “ample time” while strict interpretation of this term is ambiguous. Evasive manoeuvres, executed by marine navigators on a daily basis, are usually carried out well in advance, while the distance at which they decide to perform such a manoeuvre is mostly subjective and results, e.g., from the navigator's seagoing experience. A proper understanding...
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Expert system against machine learning approaches as a virtual sensor for ventricular arrhythmia risk level estimation
PublicationRecent advancements in machine learning have opened new avenues for preventing fatal ventricular arrhythmia by accurately measuring and analyzing QT intervals. This paper presents virtual sensor based on an expert system designed to prevent the risk of fatal ventricular arrhythmias associated with QT-prolonging treatments. The expert system categorizes patients into three risk levels based on their electrocardiogram-derived QT...
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Exploration of Behavioral Patterns and Cognitive Biases among Stock Market Investors
PublicationThis study aims to explore behavioral patterns and cognitive biases among stock market investors. By analyzing investor behavior through a stock market simulator, the research seeks to understand the impact of cognitive biases on investment decisions. The methodology encompasses a detailed analysis of transaction data to identify prevalent patterns and biases. Findings suggest that biases such as overconfidence, representativeness...
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Follow-up assessment of the microvascular function in patients with long COVID
PublicationLong COVID is a complex pathophysiological condition. However, accumulating data suggests that COVID-19 is a systemic microvascular endothelial dysfunction with different clinical manifestations. In this study, a microvascular function was assessed in long COVID patients (n = 33) and healthy controls (n = 30) using flow-mediated skin fluorescence technique (FMSF), based on measurements of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence...
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Isolation Improvement in MIMO Antenna with a Simple Hybrid Technique of Orthogonal and Inverse Currents
PublicationThis paper presents a compact high-isolation multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna developed using a hybrid approach. The proposed technique combines induced orthogonal currents and self-inverse currents to enhance the antenna's performance. Orthogonal currents are generated by strategically etching open slots on the antenna patches, while self-inverse currents are introduced by integration of annular vias. By carefully...
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Modeling of microstructure evolution during high-temperature oxidation of porous Fe-Cr steels
PublicationResearch on the high-temperature oxidation of metals and alloys is experimentally challenging due to the requirement for long-term corrosion exposure, and in the case of porous alloys, due to their complex internal microstructure. In this study, a corrosion model based on the morphological operations of dilation and erosion has been developed. This approach allows for a utilization of various raster representations of the microstructure...
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Physicochemical properties of La0.5Ba0.5Co1-xFexO3-δ (0≤x≤1) as positrode for proton ceramic electrochemical cells
PublicationWe report on essential properties of materials in the series La0.5Ba0.5Co1-xFexO3-δ as positrodes for proton ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs). The unit cell and thermochemical expansion coefficient (TCEC) of these cubic perovskites decrease with iron content x, the TCEC of La0.5Ba0.5FeO3-δ going as low as 11·10-6 1/K. The materials behave as LaMO3 perovskites with small band gaps and Ba acting as acceptors compensated by electron...
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Polymer Materials for U-Shaped Optic Fiber Sensors: A Review
PublicationFiber optic sensors have gained popularity over the last few decades. This is due to their numerous advantages, such as good metrological parameters, biocompatibility and resistance to magnetic and electric fields and environmental pollution. However, those built from glass fiber have one main disadvantage—they are fragile, meaning they can be easily damaged, even by the presence of vibration. Due to the great progress made by...
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Secondary Structure in Free and Assisted Modeling of Proteins with the Coarse-Grained UNRES Force Field
PublicationSecondary structure is a solid scaffold on which the three-dimensional structure of a protein is built. Therefore, care must be taken to reproduce the secondary structure as accurately as possible in the simulations of protein systems. In this chapter, we summarize the physics-based energy terms that govern secondary-structure formation, the auxiliary restraints on secondary structure derived from bioinformatics and from the experimental...
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Strategies for feature-assisted development of topology agnostic planar antennas using variable-fidelity models
PublicationDesign of antennas for contemporary applications presents a complex challenge that integrates cognitive-driven topology development with the meticulous adjustment of parameters through rigorous numerical optimization. Nevertheless, the process can be streamlined by emphasizing the automatic determination of structure geometry, potentially reducing the reliance on traditional methods that heavily rely on engineering insight in the...
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The Impact of 8- and 4-Bit Quantization on the Accuracy and Silicon Area Footprint of Tiny Neural Networks
PublicationIn the field of embedded and edge devices, efforts have been made to make deep neural network models smaller due to the limited size of the available memory and the low computational efficiency. Typical model footprints are under 100 KB. However, for some applications, models of this size are too large. In low-voltage sensors, signals must be processed, classified or predicted with an order of magnitude smaller memory. Model downsizing...
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Ultra-Compact Quintuple-Band Terahertz Metamaterial Biosensor for Enhanced Blood Cancer Diagnostics
PublicationCancer and its diverse variations pose one of the most significant threats to human health and well-being. One of the most aggressive forms is blood cancer, originating from bone marrow cells and disrupting the production of normal blood cells. The incidence of blood cancer is steadily increasing, driven by both genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, early detection is crucial as it enhances treatment outcomes and improves...
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UV light-activated gas mixture sensing by ink-printed WS2 layer
PublicationWe fabricated a sensing layer from ink-printed WS2 flakes and utilized it for UV-activated gas sensing. The optical imaging of the structure made by repeated printing revealed the continuous layer comprising sub-µm flakes, confirmed independently by small-area AFM images (1×1 µm2). The activity of the sensing surface was investigated locally via AFM scanning of the surface with a polarized probing tip. The results indicated that...
Year 2024
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3-D Printable Metal-Dielectric Metasurface for Risley Prism-Based Beam-Steering Antennas
PublicationA 3-D printable, planar, metal-dielectric metasurface-based, 2-D beam-steering system for aperture-type antennas is presented in this paper. This beam steering system, also known as the near-field meta-steering system, comprises two fully passive phase-gradient metasurfaces placed in the antenna’s nearfield region to steer the radiation beam. To address the non-uniform electric field phase of the aperture antenna, phase correction...
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3D-Breast System for Determining the Volume of Tissue Needed for Breast Reconstruction
Publication3D imaging systems can be used to effectively determine breast volumes for surgical applications. This article presents methods for surface reconstruction and volume determination based on the point cloud created by 3D imaging. Such a system would be used to accurately estimate breast volume in patients classified for breast reconstruction surgery at plastic surgery centers. To develop such a system, various methods of determining...
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A 0.5 V Nanowatt Biquadratic Low-Pass Filter with Tunable Quality Factor for Electronic Cochlea Applications
PublicationA novel implementation of an analogue low-power, second-order, low-pass filter with tunable quality factor (Q) is presented and discussed. The filter feature is a relatively simple, buffer-based, circuit network consisting of eleven transistors operating in a subthreshold region. Q tuning is accomplished by injecting direct current into a network node, which changes the output resistance of the transistors and, as a result, modifies...
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A Compact Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna with MIMO Characterizations for UWB Applications
PublicationUltra-wideband (UWB) technology is extensively used in indoor navigation, medical applications, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to its low power consumption and resilience against multipath fading and losses. This paper examines a multiple input multiple-output (MIMO), circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for UWB systems. Compact form factor, high gain, wideband response, improved port isolation,...
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A Comparison of Directional Beamforming Capabilities: High-Order Ambisonic Microphone vs. Shotgun Microphones
PublicationThis article presents the practical implications of the directional beamforming capability of a higher-order ambisonic microphone compared with popular shotgun microphones. Five different microphones were used in the study: Sennheiser MKH 416, Rode NTG2, Panasonic AG-MC200, Zoom SGH-6, and Zylia ZM-1 (ambisonic microphone). The results highlight the versatility of higher-order ambisonics for non-immersive use, which allows for...
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A Data-Driven Comparative Analysis of Machine-Learning Models for Familial Hypercholesterolemia Detection
PublicationThis study presents an assessment of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) probability using different algorithms (CatBoost, XGBoost, Random Forest, SVM) and its ensembles, leveraging electronic health record data. The primary objective is to explore an enhanced method for estimating FH probability, surpassing the currently recommended Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) Score. The models were trained using the largest Polish cohort...
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A gap waveguide-based mechanically reconfigurable phase shifter for high-power Ku-band applications
PublicationThis paper presents a novel design of a low-loss, reconfgurable broadband phase shifter based on groove gap waveguide (GGW) technology. The proposed phase shifter consists of a folded GGW and three bends with a few pins forming the GGW and one bend attached to a movable plate. This movable plate allows for adjustments to the folded waveguide length, consequently altering the phase of electromagnetic waves. The advantage of GGW...
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A Highly Compact Low-Profile Beam Switching Transmitarray Antenna for ISM-Band Applications
PublicationThis paper presents a novel, very low-profile transmitarray antenna (TA) designed specifically for applications in the 24 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. The design innovation lies in embedding the switchable feed antenna into the beam-focusing surface and adding a reflector, which effectively halves the antenna’s size in the boresight direction. This compact antenna allows for easy beam switching through the...
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A Highly Compact Split Ring Resonator Based Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna with Multiband Characterization
PublicationThis work encompasses a novel highly compact Split Ring Resonator (SRR) based quad-band Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) for 4G and 5G applications. The proposed antenna comprises of an extended rectangular feedline and a rectangular DR in combination with two SRRs. The DRA uses the extended rectangular microstrip feedline for providing better impedance matching and enhanced performance. Remarkably, the introduction of SRRs on...
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A learning community model: the Center for Innovative Education supporting academic didactics at Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland
PublicationThe current digital transformation requires academics to apply their pedagogical and technological skills to their teaching and professional development to address the newly emerging needs of the digital era. This study aims to analyse the operating model of the Center for Innovative Education (CIE) at Gdańsk University of Technology (Gdańsk Tech), Poland, as an incubator for professional development of academic staff at Gdańsk...
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A Low-Profile 3-D Printable Metastructure for Performance Improvement of Aperture Antennas
PublicationIn order to increase the radiation performance of aperture-type antennas, this paper demonstrates a low-profile, planar, single-layer, three-dimensional (3-D) printable metastructure. The proposed hybridized metastructure is highly transparent as it is made out of novel hybrid meta-atoms having transmission coefficient magnitudes greater than -0.72 dB and fully complies with the near-field phase transformation principle. The hybridized...
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A Low-Profile Metal-backed Dipole Loaded with Closely Coupled Arc-shaped Open Stubs for On-metal Tag Design with Wide Frequency Tuning Capability
PublicationThis research has presented a single-layer metal-backed dipole antenna, which consists of a feedline loaded with two pairs of closely-coupled arc-shaped open stubs, for designing a metal-mountable tag that features tuning capability over a wide range of frequency. Here, the stubs can generate sufficient inductive reactance for bringing down the tag resonant frequency tunable in both the regulated UHF RFID passbands (North American...
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A Machine Learning Approach for Estimating Overtime Allocation in Software Development Projects
PublicationOvertime planning in software projects has traditionally been approached with search-based multi-objective optimization algorithms. However, the explicit solutions produced by these algorithms often lack applicability and acceptance in the software industry due to their disregard for project managers' intuitive knowledge. This study presents a machine learning model that learns the preferred overtime allocation patterns from solutions...
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A machine learning approach to classifying New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure
PublicationAccording to the European Society of Cardiology, globally the number of patients with heart failure nearly doubled from 33.5 million in 1990 to 64.3 million in 2017, and is further projected to increase dramatically in this decade, still remaining a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. One of the most frequently applied heart failure classification systems that physicians use is the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional...
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A Mammography Data Management Application for Federated Learning
PublicationThis study aimed to develop and assess an application designed to enhance the management of a local client database consisting of mammographic images with a focus on ensuring that images are suitably and uniformly prepared for federated learning applications. The application supports a comprehensive approach, starting with a versatile image-loading function that supports DICOM files from various medical imaging devices and settings....
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A modified DC Hebb–Wagner polarization method for determining the partial protonic electrical conductivity in mixed-conducting BaGd0.3La0.7Co2O6−δ
PublicationIn this work, partial protonic conductivity in mixed conducting (BZCY721) and BaGd0.3La0.7Co2O6−d (BGLC137) was studied. For this purpose, a modified DC Hebb–Wagner polarization method was used. A four-wire type of galvanic cell as well as a suitable calculation model was applied. The method was validated using proton conducting electrolyte – BaZr0.7Ce0.2Y0.1O3−d – as a reference material. For the first time, protonic partial conductivity...
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A Novel Device and System for Fall Detection Under the Shower
PublicationIn this paper, device construction and preliminary results for shower safety assistance are presented. The device allows monitoring of shower-taking persons without violating privacy and intimacy, while it has the ability to detect a persons entering and leaving the shower and detecting fall conditions. It allows better supervision of elders living independently at their locations.
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A Novel Iterative Decoding for Iterated Codes Using Classical and Convolutional Neural Networks
PublicationForward error correction is crucial for communication, enabling error rate or required SNR reduction. Longer codes improve correction ratio. Iterated codes offer a solution for constructing long codeswith a simple coder and decoder. However, a basic iterative code decoder cannot fully exploit the code’s potential, as some error patterns within its correction capacity remain uncorrected.We propose two neural network-assisted decoders:...
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A Planar-Structured Circularly Polarized Single-Layer MIMO Antenna for Wideband Millimetre-Wave Applications
PublicationIn this paper, a simple geometry, planar-structured printed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna utilizing dual circular polarization (CP) is presented. The proposed numerically and experimentally validated design features a fully grounded coplanar waveguide (CPW) and a systematically perturbed feedline radiator. The fringing electric (E) field along the feedline is altered by extruding periodic stubs on each side of the...
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A Probabilistic Optimisation Approach to the Equitable Controller Location Problem
PublicationThe ability of the Software-Defined Network (SDN) to transport traffic flows depends, in particular, on the SDN switches being able to communicate with SDN controllers, which are responsible for the setup of network connections and the configuration of switches. Since in principle the number of SDN controllers is limited they must be installed in a set of carefully selected node locations. Whereas the problem of controller placement...
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A procedure for the visualization of fingerprint traces on standard and thermal paper using the electron excitation energy of 1,8-diazafluoren-9- one aggregates in a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer
PublicationThe scope of this study is a new procedure for visualizing dactyloscopic traces on an absorbent surface using a solution based on aggregates of 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) in a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer (PVP). An absorbent surface is defined as a plain or thermal paper, which is considered to be a difficult surface due to its varying chemical composition. In the case of the thermal paper surface, the procedure can be further...
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A prototype information system for managing and pricing e-waste
PublicationThere is no doubt that innovation drives development in all areas of human activity, including electrical and electronic equipment. However, the production of new equipment has a significant impact on the natural environment and a relatively high consumption of natural resources. To address these issues, the circular economy has been implemented in recent years by promoting and introducing numerous measures to facilitate the recycling...
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A review of explainable fashion compatibility modeling methods
PublicationThe paper reviews methods used in the fashion compatibility recommendation domain. We select methods based on reproducibility, explainability, and novelty aspects and then organize them chronologically and thematically. We presented general characteristics of publicly available datasets that are related to the fashion compatibility recommendation task. Finally, we analyzed the representation bias of datasets, fashion-based algorithms’...
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A Review on Machine Learning Deployment Patterns and Key Features in the Prediction of Preeclampsia
PublicationPrevious reviews have investigated machine learning (ML) models used to predict the risk of developing preeclampsia. However, they have not addressed the intended deployment of these models throughout pregnancy, nor have they detailed feature performance. This study aims to provide an overview of existing ML models and their intended deployment patterns and performance, along with identified features of high importance. This review...
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A Selection of Starting Points for Iterative Position Estimation Algorithms Using Feedforward Neural Networks
PublicationThis article proposes the use of a feedforward neural network (FNN) to select the starting point for the first iteration in well-known iterative location estimation algorithms, with the research objective of finding the minimum size of a neural network that allows iterative position estimation algorithms to converge in an example positioning network. The selected algorithms for iterative position estimation, the structure of the...
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A simple route of providing a soft interface for PEDOT: PSS film metallic electrodes without loss of their electrical interface parameters
PublicationThe work presents the development of a soft interface at PEDOT:PSS film without changing its electrical interface parameters. In the first step, PEDOT:PSS is electrodeposited on the commercial platinum electrode under the state-of-the-art conditions desirable for different electrochemical electrodes. Secondly, a pure hydrogel layer is deposited on the top of the electrodeposited PEDOT:PSS film under conditions that provide desirable...
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A simplified channel estimation procedure for NB-IoT downlink
PublicationThis paper presents a low-complexity channel estimation procedure which is suitable for use in energy-efficient NB-IoT user equipment devices. The procedure is based on the well-established least squares scheme, followed by linear interpolation in the time domain and averaging in the frequency domain. The quality of channel estimation vs. signal-to-noise ratio is evaluated for two channel models and compared with the performance...
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A Survey on the Datasets and Algorithms for Satellite Data Applications
PublicationThis survey compiles insights and describes datasets and algorithms for applications based on remote sensing. The goal of this review is twofold: datasets review for particular groups of tasks and high-level steps of data flow between satellite instruments and end applications from an implementation and development perspective. The article outlines the generalized data processing pipelines, taking into account the variations in...
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A tool for designing water tanks for measuring hydroacoustic transducers
PublicationSpecial water tanks are commonly used to measure the parameters of underwater acoustic systems. They must meet specific requirements, the fulfilment of which ensures very small but acceptable measurement errors. These requirements define the size of the tank and its shape as well as the strong attenuation of reflected waves. At the design stage, it is necessary to determine the impact of the tank structure on the measurement errors...
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Absorbing Boundary Conditions Derived Based on Pauli Matrices Algebra
PublicationIn this letter, we demonstrate that a set of absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) for numerical simulations of waves, proposed originally by Engquist and Majda and later generalized by Trefethen and Halpern, can alternatively be derived with the use of Pauli matrices algebra. Hence a novel approach to the derivation of one-way wave equations in electromagnetics is proposed. That is, the classical wave equation can be factorized...
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Accuracy of marine gravimetric measurements in terms of geodetic coordinates of land reference benchmark
PublicationThe article presents how the values of (3D) coordinates of land reference points affect the results of gravimetric measurements made from the ship in sea areas. These measurements are the basis for 3D maritime inertial navigation, improving ships' operational safety. The campaign verifying the network absolute point coordinates used as a reference point for relative marine gravity measurements was described. The obtained values...
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Accurate Post-processing of Spatially-Separated Antenna Measurements Realized in Non-Anechoic Environments
PublicationAntenna far-field performance is normally evaluated in expensive laboratories that maintain strict control over the propagation environment. Alternatively, the responses can be measured in non-anechoic conditions and then refined to extract the information on the structure field-related behavior. Here, a framework for correction of antenna measurements performed in non-anechoic test site has been proposed. The method involves automatic...
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Actual and reference evapotranspiration for a natural, temperate zone fen wetland – Upper Biebrza case study
PublicationEvapotranspiration is the key and predominant component of the water balance in wetlands. Direct evapotranspiration measurements are challenging in wetlands due to their remoteness and high surface water level. This article describes the actual (ETa and reference evapotranspiration (ET0) from a cultivated wet meadow located in the Biebrza National Park – the largest national park in north-east Poland, Central Europe. The data were...