Rok 2025

• A Compact Tri-Band Omnidirectional Antenna Design for CubeSat Applications

  Publikacja

  • R. S. Aziz
  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper presents a compact tri-band omnidirectional antenna designed for CubeSat applications, operating at UHF (0.755 GHz), L-band (1.25 GHz), and S-band (2.28–3.74 GHz). The antenna features a defected ground structure (DGS) and metallic vias, which enhance impedance matching and enable stable multi-band resonance while maintaining a small footprint of 0.26λ × 0.26λ × 0.013λ within a 1U CubeSat. Unlike conventional CubeSat...

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• An All-Metal Broadband Low SLL slot array antenna for use in 5G Sub-6 GHz networks

  Publikacja

  • D. Zarifi
  • A. Farahbakhsh
  • M. Mrozowski

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper describes the design and implementation of an all-metal wideband cavity-backed slot array antenna specifically optimized for 5G sub-6GHz networks. The antenna is engineered to feature low sidelobe levels (SLL), which enhance signal clarity and reduce interference. The proposed antenna utilizes a novel approach, directly exciting all radiating slots through the cavity layer, thus eliminating the need for a complex and...

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• An ultrawideband monopulse feed with slant polarization for tracking radar systems

  Publikacja

  • D. Zarifi
  • A. Farahbakhsh
  • M. Mrozowski

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  An ultrawideband slant-polarized monopulse feed is designed and fabricated for microwave applications. The proposed configuration features four end-launched diagonal horns allowing for the production of sum and difference channels in two principal planes. The key advantage of this proposed monopulse antenna over traditional monopulse feeds is its ability to combine the benefits of ultrawideband performance with slant polarization...

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• Anticancer drugs targeting topoisomerase II for antifungal treatment

  Publikacja

  • K. Kondaka
  • K. Rząd
  • N. Maciejewska
  • I. Gabriel

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Fungal topoisomerase II (TopoII) has been identified as essential for viability. Thus, our research aimed to investigate the potential of fungal TopoII as a novel target for antifungal chemotherapy. We conducted studies on eleventh antitumor compounds targeting human topoisomerase II, either approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or currently under clinical trials to evaluate their potential for use in other therapeutic...

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• Characteristics Mode Analysis and Excitation of Orthogonal Modes on a Single Substrate for Wideband IoT Applications in the Millimeter Wave Band

  Publikacja

  • U. Ullah
  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper presents the design of a circularly polarized millimeter-wave (mm-wave) metasurface (MTS) antenna. The Characteristics Modes Analysis (CMA) is employed to examine various modes within the unit-cell design of the proposed metasurface. Based on a thorough analysis, two orthogonal TM modes with a broadside radiation pattern were identified. These modes were then simultaneously excited on a single substrate using simple...

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• Chemical insight into pros and cons of coffees from different regions

  Publikacja

  • E. Grządka
  • A. Starek-Wójcicka
  • M. Krajewska
  • J. Matusiak
  • J. Orzeł
  • M. Studziński
  • M. Bonczyk
  • I. Chmielewska
  • A. Mieczkowska
  • O. Ronda
  • B. Cieślik

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The main aim of this work was to study the chemical composition of eighteen ground coffees from different countries and continents with regard to the content of hazardous substances as radioactive elements (40K, 226Ra, 228Ra, 234U, 238U and 137Cs), metals, including heavy metals, aluminum and some microelements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) as well as substances that have a positive effect on human health and well-being (polyphenols,...

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• Cost-Efficient Behavioral Modeling of Antennas by Means of Global Sensitivity Analysis and Dimensionality Reduction

  Publikacja

  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Computational tools, particularly electromagnetic (EM) solvers, are now commonplace in antenna design. While ensuring reliability, EM simulations are time-consuming, leading to high costs associated with EM-driven procedures like parametric optimization or statistical design. Various techniques have been developed to address this issue, with surrogate modeling methods garnering particular attention due to their potential advantages....

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• Deep eutectic solvent enhances antibacterial activity of a modular lytic enzyme against Acinetobacter baumannii

  Publikacja

  • A. Kocot
  • T. Swebocki
  • K. Ciemińska
  • A. Łupkowska
  • M. Kapusta
  • D. Grimon
  • E. Laskowska
  • A. Kaczorowska
  • T. Kaczorowski
  • R. Boukherroub... i 2 innych

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  In this study, we evaluated the combined effect between MLE-15, a modular lytic enzyme composed of four building blocks, and reline, a natural deep eutectic solvent. The bioinformatic analysis allowed us to determine the spatial architecture of MLE-15, whose components were bactericidal peptide cecropin A connected via a flexible linker to the cell wall binding domain (CBD) of mesophilic 201ϕ2 − 1 endolysin and catalytic domain...

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• Design and Validation of A 30 GHz 8×8 Slot Antenna Array with Ridge Waveguide Pins/Holes Layers

  Publikacja

  • H. Raza
  • S. Kozieł
  • S. Szczepański

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper presents an 8×8-element slot antenna array optimized for 30 GHz band applications, achieving high gain, wide impedance bandwidth, and high efficiency. The array employs a pin/hole-based design, which enables a compact structure and reduces fabrication complexity and cost, as it eliminates the need for electrical contact between its three primary layers: the metal radiating slot plate, a sub-array cavity layer, and a...

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• Differential evolution-optimized gold nanorods for enhanced photothermal conversion

  Publikacja

  • A. Koulali
  • P. Radomski
  • P. Ziółkowski
  • F. Petronella
  • L. de Sio
  • D. Mikielewicz

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Noble metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown great potential in the field of sustainable energy. Gold nanorods (AuNRs), known for their size-dependent optical and electrical characteristics, are strong candidates for various applications, particularly in solar energy conversion. Additionally, AuNRs are well-established nanomaterials in precision medicine. In this paper, we optimize the shape and size of AuNRs to maximize light-to-heat...

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• Effect of synthesis method on ammonium sorption behavior of oat husk biochar

  Publikacja

  • J. Daniel da Silva Fonseca
  • K. Matej-Łukowicz
  • J. Kluska
  • M. A. Baluk
  • J. Kulesza
  • B. S. Barros
  • E. Wojciechowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Ammonium is a pollutant commonly detected in various water sources and, in high concentrations, poses significant risks to environmental quality and public health. Numerous techniques have been developed and are currently employed to eliminate pollutants, including ammonium ions, from water. Among these various methods, adsorption has proven to be the most cost-effective and eco-friendly, particularly when utilizing an inexpensive...

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• Excited states of mono- and biruthenium(II) complexes adsorbed on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide studied by electroabsorption spectroscopy

  Publikacja

  • D. K. Pelczarski
  • B. Gierczyk
  • M. Zalas
  • M. Makowska-janusik
  • W. Stampor

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Comprehensive characterization of the lowest energy electronic excited states for mono- and binuclear Ru(II) complexes containing bipyridine ligands has been performed by electroabsorption (EA) spectroscopy. The EA spectra of Ru complexes sensitizing a TiO2 semiconductor were compared with the spectra of these complexes in the form of solid neat films, both of which parametrized within the Liptay theory. The extracted values of...

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• Experimental study of the effect of seawater and temperature on the corrosion resistance of cement composites with the addition of copper post-flotation waste

  Publikacja

  • S. Kalisz
  • E. Haustein
  • M. Lieder

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The presented results of the study concern the determination of corrosion resistance of cement composites with the copper post-flotation waste (PFW) as a cement substitute in the amounts of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10%, exposed to seawater, depending on the temperature (10°C and 20°C). To better evaluate and understand the compressive strength, the hydration products of the cement composites were analyzed after exposure to seawater...

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• Experimental study of the effect of seawater and temperature on the corrosion resistance of cement composites with the addition of copper post-flotation waste

  Publikacja

  • S. Kalisz
  • E. Haustein
  • M. Lieder

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The presented results of the study concern the determination of corrosion resistance of cement composites with the copper post-flotation waste (PFW) as a cement substitute in the amounts of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10%, exposed to seawater, depending on the temperature (10°C and 20°C). To better evaluate and understand the compressive strength, the hydration products of the cement composites were analyzed after exposure to seawater...

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• Frequency Reconfigurable PIN Diode-Based Reuleaux-Triangle-Shaped Monopole Antenna for UWB/Ku Band Applications

  Publikacja

  • S. E. B. Keskin
  • S. Kozieł
  • S. Szczepański

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper presents a frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna developed for UWB/Ku band applications. The design employs a microstrip-fed Reuleaux-triangle-shaped patch with a defected ground structure. The antenna exhibits a wide operating bandwidth achieved due to rectangular slits integrated into the Reuleaux-triangle patch. Meanwhile, adding rectangular slots in the ground plane improves the return loss level. Frequency reconfigurability...

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• Highly Compact Dual-Band Frequency Selective Surface for Path-loss and Coverage Improvement in Millimeter-wave Advanced Wireless Applications

  Publikacja

  • B. Malik
  • S. Khan
  • S. Kozieł

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  In this work, a compact dual-band frequency selective surface (FSS) for path-loss and coverage improvement in advanced wireless communication is showcased. The proposed FSS is a single-layer design with stable and high performance at both 24 GHz and 38 GHz operating frequencies, respectively. The design is highly compact with two wide-band reflection coefficient responses having 49.5% (14.5 – 26.4 GHz) and 66.57% (35.8 – 39.8 GHz)...

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• Machine learning tools match physician accuracy in multilingual text annotation

  Publikacja

  • M. Zielonka
  • A. Czyżewski
  • D. Szplit
  • B. Graff
  • A. Szyndler
  • M. Budzisz
  • K. Narkiewicz

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  In the medical field, text annotation involves categorizing clinical and biomedical texts with specific medical categories, enhancing the organization and interpretation of large volumes of unstructured data. This process is crucial for developing tools such as speech recognition systems, which help medical professionals reduce their paperwork. It addresses a significant cause of burnout reported by up to 60% of medical staff....

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• Mechanistic insights and atmospheric implications of the degradation reaction of 3-methoxy-1-propanol by reaction with hydroxyl radicals and identification of the end products in the presence of O2/NO

  Publikacja

  • A. Shiroudi
  • T. Kurtén
  • J. Czub

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The study investigated the degradation of 3-methoxy-1-propanol (3M1P) by OH using the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level, with CCSD(T) single-point corrections. We focused on hydrogen atom abstraction from various alkyl groups within the molecule. The rate coefficient for 3M1P degradation was calculated from the sum of the rate coefficients corresponding to the removal of H-atoms from primary (-CH3), secondary (-CH2-), tertiary (-CH<),...

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• New insights into structural, optical, electrical and thermoelectric behavior of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 single crystals

  Publikacja

  • G. Jagło
  • K. Kluczewska-Chmielarz
  • J. Suchanicz
  • A. Kruk
  • A. Kania
  • D. Sitko
  • M. Nowakowska-Malczyk
  • M. S. Łapiński (dawniej: M. Łapiński)
  • G. Stachowski

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The single crystals of lead-free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 were grown using the Czochralski method. The energy gaps determined from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and optical measurements were approximately 2.92 eV. The current-voltage characteristics, depolarization current, dc (σdc) and ac (σac) electrical conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of the crystals were investigated. The frequency/temperature-dependent electrical properties...

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• Pattern Reconfigurable Quasi Yagi Antenna with Origami Inspired Magic Spiral Cubes for Dynamic Indoor IoT Applications

  Publikacja

  • S. S. Shah
  • S. Kozieł
  • S. Bashir
  • E. Bernhardsson
  • A. Salim
  • S. I. H. Shah

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This paper presents a novel deployable antenna design with reconfigurable radiation patterns suitable for various indoor Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Inspired by origami, the antenna comprises a central monopole patch housed on a magic cube (MC-2) and two other modular units comprising stacks of magic cubes (MCs). In compact form, i.e., State-1, the antenna occupies a space of 50 mm, whereas in other states, it occupies...

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• Performance assessment of disposable carbon-based immunosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections

  Publikacja

  • O. L. Agudelo
  • V. Reyes-Loaiza
  • L. Giraldo-Parra
  • M. Rosales-Chilama
  • S. Perdomo
  • M. A. Gómez
  • J. W. Rodriguez
  • V. Ortega
  • C. F. Daza Rivera
  • D. Galindo... i 6 innych

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  We designed, developed, and clinically tested two rapid antigen-based immunosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection, enabling diagnosis and viral load quantification for under USD $2. In a first clinical study, a screen-printed disposable carbon-based (SPC) sensor was assessed on prospectively recruited adult participants classified into three study groups: healthy donors (n = 46); SARS-CoV-2-infected symptomatic patients (n = 58); and...

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• Predicting creep failure life in adhesive-bonded single-lap joints using machine learning

  Publikacja

  • F. Jan
  • M. Kujawa
  • P. Paczos
  • V. Eremeyev

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Accurately predicting the creep failure life of adhesive joints, particularly single-lap adhesive joints (SLAJs), remains still a significant challenge, requiring substantial time and resources and the ability to predict the duration of creep failure in SLAJs is critical to ensuring structural integrity and reducing the failure of creep-prone adhesive joints. In this study, machine learning (ML) was used to identify the critical...

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• Pullout performance of innovative polymer vertical anchor plates in layered soils.

  Publikacja

  • P. Alireza
  • H. Niroumand
  • L. Bałachowski

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This study explores the innovative use of polymer plate anchors in geotechnical engineering, addressing some of the limitations of traditional steel plate anchors. We investigated the performance of polymer vertical anchor plates in multi-layered cohesionless soils, focusing on the pullout capacity under various conditions. The research evaluated the effects of soil density, number of layers, and anchor embedment depth on the pullout...

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• Rapid Global Antenna Design by Simplex Regressors and Multi-Resolution Simulations

  Publikacja

  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
  • S. Szczepański
  • L. Leifsson

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Optimization methods have been rapidly entering the realm of antenna design over the last several years. Despite many available algorithms, practical optimization is demanding due to the high electromagnetic (EM) analysis cost necessary for dependable antenna assessment. This is particularly troublesome in global parameter tuning, routinely conducted using nature-inspired procedures. Unfortunately, these methods are known for their...

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• Sensing of NO2, NH3, and C3H6O by graphene-Si Schottky diode at chosen voltage biases

  Publikacja

  • K. Drozdowska
  • J. Smulko
  • A. Rehman
  • B. Stonio
  • A. Krajewska
  • S. Rumyantsev
  • G. Cywiński

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Our research aims to propose a selective gas sensor based on a single graphene-silicon Schottky junction. By polarizing the sensor with selected voltage, we move between different regions of its gas sensitivity dependent on the lighting conditions. Our results show that low detection limits (36 ppb for NO2, 238 ppb for NH3, and 640 ppb for C3H6O) are obtained under UV irradiation at -0.4 V; however, a light source power supply...

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• Simulation of energy management system using model predictive control in AC/DC microgrid

  Publikacja

  • K. Nassereddine
  • M. Turzyński
  • H. Bielokha
  • R. Strzelecki

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This research seeks to enhance energy management systems (EMS) within a microgrid by focusing on the importance of accurate renewable energy prediction and its strong correlation with load curtailment. Analyzing the precision of disturbance predictions, reveals that predicting one hour in advance is more effective than immediate predictions or those made several hours beforehand. Furthermore, the study investigates scheduling load...

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• Structural insights into fungal and human topoisomerase II with implications for in silico antifungal drug design

  Publikacja

  • S. Sappati
  • K. Kondaka
  • I. Gabriel
  • M. Bagiński

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Topoisomerases are essential enzymes regulating DNA supercoiling and disentanglement, critical for genomic integrity. While topoisomerase inhibitors are well-established in anticancer and antibacterial chemotherapy, their potential as antifungal agents remains underexplored or even not proofed. This study investigates structural distinctions between Saccharomyces cerevisiae topoisomerase II (ScTopoII) and human topoisomerase IIα...

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• Surrogate modeling of passive microwave circuits using recurrent neural networks and domain confinement

  Publikacja

  • K. Sahu
  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  Electromagnetic (EM) simulation is widespread in microwave engineering. EM tools ensure evaluation reliability but incur significant expenses. These can be mitigated by employing surrogate modeling methods, especially to expedite design workflows like local/global optimization or uncertainty quantification. However, building accurate surrogates is a daunting task beyond simple cases (low dimensionality, narrow geometry parameter...

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• The impact of goat hair as a natural animal fiber on properties of the lightweight cement composite

  Publikacja

  • N. Hassas
  • F. Omidi Moaf
  • M. Kurpińska
  • T. Bardzińska-Bonenberg
  • J. Borucka
  • H. S. Abdelgader
  • R. Soman
  • M. Miśkiewicz

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  The increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly construction materials has prompted the exploration of natural fibers as reinforcement in cement composites. This study investigates the potential of goat hair as a natural fiber reinforcement in lightweight cement composites to enhance mechanical properties and sustainability. The research evaluates goat-hair-reinforced composites’ flexural and compressive strengths at 7 and...

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• Theoretical background of the operating parameters of the satellite working mechanism of the hydraulic positive displacement machine

  Publikacja

  • P. Śliwiński

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This article describes a method for determining the instantaneous geometric working volume of a satellite mechanism that is commonly used as a working mechanism in positive displacement machines (pump and motor). A new mathematical formula for calculating the instantaneous geometric working volume as a function of the angle of rotation of the shaft (rotor) has been proposed. For the satellite mechanism operating as a pump, the...

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• Utilizing UAV and orthophoto data with bathymetric LiDAR in google earth engine for coastal cliff degradation assessment

  Publikacja

  • P. Tysiąc
  • R. Ossowski
  • L. Janowski
  • D. Moskalewicz

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2025

  This study introduces a novel methodology for estimating and analysing coastal cliff degradation, using machine learning and remote sensing data. Degradation refers to both natural abrasive processes and damage to coastal reinforcement structures caused by natural events. We utilized orthophotos and LiDAR data in green and near-infrared wavelengths to identify zones impacted by storms and extreme weather events that initiated mass...

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Rok 2024

• A CMOS-integrated terahertz near-field sensor based on an ultra-strongly coupled meta-atom

  Publikacja

  • A. Chernyadiev
  • D. But
  • Y. Ivonyak
  • K. Ikamas
  • A. Lisauskas
  • D. B. But

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

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• A Compact Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna with MIMO Characterizations for UWB Applications

  Publikacja

  • S. Khan
  • O. Khan
  • S. A. A. Shah
  • B. Malik
  • N. Gohar
  • S. Kozieł

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is extensively used in indoor navigation, medical applications, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to its low power consumption and resilience against multipath fading and losses. This paper examines a multiple input multiple-output (MIMO), circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for UWB systems. Compact form factor, high gain, wideband response, improved port isolation,...

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• A gap waveguide-based mechanically reconfigurable phase shifter for high-power Ku-band applications

  Publikacja

  • A. Farahbakhsh
  • D. Zarifi
  • M. Mrozowski

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  This paper presents a novel design of a low-loss, reconfgurable broadband phase shifter based on groove gap waveguide (GGW) technology. The proposed phase shifter consists of a folded GGW and three bends with a few pins forming the GGW and one bend attached to a movable plate. This movable plate allows for adjustments to the folded waveguide length, consequently altering the phase of electromagnetic waves. The advantage of GGW...

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• A high-gain gap waveguide-based 16 × 16 slot antenna array with low sidelobe level for mmwave applications

  Publikacja

  • D. Zarifi
  • A. S. Saber
  • A. U. Zaman

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  This study presents the design of a high-gain 16 × 16-slot antenna array with a low sidelobe level (SLL) using a tapered ridge gap waveguide feeding network for Ka-band applications. The proposed antenna element includes four cavity-backed slot antennas. A tapered feeding network is designed and utilized for unequal feeding of the radiating elements. Ridge gap waveguide technology is used to reduce the feeding network loss and...

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• A Low-Profile 3-D Printable Metastructure for Performance Improvement of Aperture Antennas

  Publikacja

  • M. Y. Ali
  • A. Lalbakhsh
  • S. Kozieł
  • Ł. Gołuński
  • F. Ahmed
  • M. Asadnia

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  In order to increase the radiation performance of aperture-type antennas, this paper demonstrates a low-profile, planar, single-layer, three-dimensional (3-D) printable metastructure. The proposed hybridized metastructure is highly transparent as it is made out of novel hybrid meta-atoms having transmission coefficient magnitudes greater than -0.72 dB and fully complies with the near-field phase transformation principle. The hybridized...

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• A machine learning approach to classifying New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure

  Publikacja

  • K. Jandy
  • P. Weichbroth

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  According to the European Society of Cardiology, globally the number of patients with heart failure nearly doubled from 33.5 million in 1990 to 64.3 million in 2017, and is further projected to increase dramatically in this decade, still remaining a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. One of the most frequently applied heart failure classification systems that physicians use is the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional...

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• An effective antibiofilm strategy based on bacteriophages armed with silver nanoparticles

  Publikacja

  • M. Szymczak
  • J. Pankowski
  • A. Kwiatek
  • B. Grygorcewicz
  • J. Karczewska-Golec
  • K. Sadowska
  • P. Golec

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

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• Antenna Optimization Using Machine Learning with Reduced-Dimensionality Surrogates

  Publikacja

  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
  • L. Leifsson

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  In modern times, antenna design has become more demanding than ever. The escalating requirements for performance and functionality drive the development of intricately structured antennas, where parameters must be meticulously adjusted to achieve peak performance. Often, global adjustments to geometry are necessary for optimal results. However, direct manipulation of antenna responses evaluated with full-wave electromagnetic (EM)...

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• Automated hearing loss type classification based on pure tone audiometry data

  Publikacja

  • M. Kassjański
  • M. Kulawiak
  • T. Przewoźny
  • D. Tretiakow
  • J. Kuryłowicz
  • A. Molisz
  • K. Koźmiński
  • A. Kwaśniewska
  • P. Mierzwińska-Dolny
  • M. Grono

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  Hearing problems are commonly diagnosed with the use of tonal audiometry, which measures a patient’s hearing threshold in both air and bone conduction at various frequencies. Results of audiometry tests, usually represented graphically in the form of an audiogram, need to be interpreted by a professional audiologist in order to determine the exact type of hearing loss and administer proper treatment. However, the small number of...

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• Beam Steerable MIMO Antenna Based on Conformal Passive Reflectarray Metasurface for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

  Publikacja

  • B. Malik
  • S. Khan
  • S. Kozieł

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  A conformal reflectarray fed by a dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed for low-cost beam steering applications in 5G Millimeter-wave frequency bands. The beam steering is accomplished by selecting a specific port in the MIMO antenna. Each MIMO port is associated with a beam that points in a different direction due to a conformal reflectarray. This novel reflectarray antenna design has the advantages...

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• Bioactive and biodegradable cotton fabrics produced via synergic effect of plant extracts and essential oils in chitosan coating system

  Publikacja

  • B. Szadkowski
  • M. Śliwka-Kaszyńska
  • A. Marzec

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  Functional antibacterial textile materials are in great demand in the medical sector. In this paper, we propose a facile, eco-friendly approach to the design of antibacterial biodegradable cotton fabrics. Cotton fiber fabrics were enhanced with a chitosan coating loaded with plant extracts and essential oils. We employed Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Vis spectrophotometry, optical...

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• Chitosan pyrolysis in the presence of a ZnCl2/NaCl salts for carbons with electrocatalytic activity in oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline solutions

  Publikacja

  • M. K. Kochaniec
  • M. Lieder

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  The one-step carbonization of low cost and abundant chitosan biopolymer in the presence of salt eutectics ­ZnCl2/NaCl results in nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructures (8.5 wt.% total nitrogen content). NaCl yields the spacious 3D structure, which allows external oxygen to easily reach the active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) distinguished by their high onset potential and the maximum turnover frequency of 0.132 e...

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• Climate change impact on groundwater resources in sandbar aquifers in southern Baltic coast

  Publikacja

  • A. Gumuła-Kawęcka
  • B. Jaworska-Szulc
  • M. Jefimow

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  Shallow coastal aquifers are vulnerable hydrosystems controlled by many factors, related to climate, seawater‑freshwater interactions and human activity. Given on‑going climate change, sea level rise and increasing human impact, it is especially true for groundwater resources situated in sandbars. We developed numerical models of unsaturated zone water flow for two sandbars in northern Poland: the Vistula Spit and the Hel Spit...

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• Combined effect of nitrogen-doped carbon and NiCo2O4 for electrochemical water splitting

  Publikacja

  • L. Kubińska
  • M. Szkoda
  • M. Skorupska
  • P. Grabowska
  • M. Gajewska
  • J. P. Lukaszewicz
  • A. Ilnicka

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  Electrocatalytic water splitting for green hydrogen production necessitates effective electrocatalysts. Currently, commercial catalysts are primarily platinum-based. Therefore, finding catalysts with comparable catalytic activity but lower cost is essential. This paper describes spinel-structured catalysts containing nickel cobaltite NiCo2O4, graphene, and additionally doped with heteroatoms. The structure and elemental composition...

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• Comparison between methods for determining the effective vertical yield stress of intermediate fine-grained soils

  Publikacja

  • B. Olek
  • M. Moskal
  • B. S. Olek

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

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• Computational analysis of substituent effects on proton affinity and gas-phase basicity of TEMPO derivatives and their hydrogen bonding interactions with water molecules

  Publikacja

  • A. Shiroudi
  • M. Śmiechowski
  • J. Czub
  • M. A. Abdel-Rahman

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  The study investigates the molecular structure of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives in the gas phase using B3LYP and M06-2X functional methods. Intermolecular interactions are analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM) techniques. NO2-substituted TEMPO displays high reactivity, less stability, and softer properties. The study reveals that the stability of TEMPO derivatives...

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• Convenient and efficient N-methylation of secondary amines under solvent-free ball milling conditions

  Publikacja

  • M. Walter
  • O. Ciupak
  • K. Biernacki
  • J. Rachoń
  • D. Witt
  • S. Demkowicz

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  In the present work, we report the development of a rapid, efcient, and solvent-free procedure for the N-methylation of secondary amines under mechanochemical conditions. After optimization of the milling parameters, a vibrational ball mill was used to synthesize 26 tertiary N-methylated amine derivatives in a short time of 20 min (30 Hz frequency) and high yields ranging from 78 to 95%. An exception was compounds having a hydroxyl...

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• C-reactive protein (CRP) evaluation in human urine using optical sensor supported by machine learning

  Publikacja

  • K. Cierpiak
  • P. Wityk
  • M. Kosowska
  • P. Sokołowski
  • T. Talaśka
  • J. Gierowski
  • M. Markuszewski
  • M. Szczerska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  The rapid and sensitive indicator of inflammation in the human body is C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Determination of CRP level is important in medical diagnostics because, depending on that factor, it may indicate, e.g., the occurrence of inflammation of various origins, oncological, cardiovascular, bacterial or viral events. In this study, we describe an interferometric sensor able to detect the CRP level for distinguishing between...

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• Design and Experimental Validation of a Metamaterial-Based Sensor for Microwave Imaging in Breast, Lung, and Brain Cancer Detection

  Publikacja

  • M. Hamza
  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - Scientific Reports - Rok 2024

  This study proposes an innovative geometry of a microstrip sensor for high-resolution microwave imaging (MWI). The main intended application of the sensor is early detection of breast, lung, and brain cancer. The proposed design consists of a microstrip patch antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide with a metamaterial layer-based lens implemented on the back side, and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) realized on as a separate...

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