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Monolithic vs. Microservice Architecture: A Performance and Scalability Evaluation

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Context. Since its proclamation in 2012, microservices-based architecture has gained widespread popularity due to its advantages, such as improved availability, fault tolerance, and horizontal scalability, as well as greater software development agility. Motivation. Yet, refactoring a monolith to microservices by smaller businesses and expecting that the migration will bring benefits similar to those reported by top global companies, such as Netflix, Amazon, eBay, and Uber, might be an illusion. Indeed, for systems that do not have thousands of concurrent users and can be scaled vertically, the benefits of such migration have not been sufficiently investigated, while the existing evidence is inconsistent. Objective. The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance and scalability of monolithic and microservice architectures on a reference web application. Method. The application was implemented in four different versions, covering not only two different architectural styles (monolith vs. microservices) but also two different implementation technologies (Java vs. C#.NET). Next, we conducted a series of controlled experiments in three different deployment environments (local, Azure Spring Cloud, and Azure App Service). Findings. The key lessons learned are as follows: (1) on a single machine, a monolith performs better than its microservice-based counterpart; (2) The Java platform makes better use of powerful machines in case of computation-intensive services when compared to.NET; the technology platform effect is reversed when non-computationally intensive services are run on machines with low computational capacity; (3) vertical scaling is more cost-effective than horizontal scaling in the Azure cloud; (4) scaling out beyond a certain number of instances degrades the application performance; (5) implementation technology (either Java or C#.NET) does not have a noticeable impact on the scalability performance.

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Informacje szczegółowe

Kategoria:
Publikacja w czasopiśmie
Typ:
artykuły w czasopismach
Opublikowano w:
IEEE Access nr 10, strony 20357 - 20374,
ISSN: 2169-3536
Język:
angielski
Rok wydania:
2022
Opis bibliograficzny:
Blinowski G., Ojdowska A., Przybyłek A.: Monolithic vs. Microservice Architecture: A Performance and Scalability Evaluation// IEEE Access -Vol. 10, (2022), s.20357-20374
DOI:
Cyfrowy identyfikator dokumentu elektronicznego (otwiera się w nowej karcie) 10.1109/access.2022.3152803
Źródła finansowania:
  • Publikacja bezkosztowa
Weryfikacja:
Politechnika Gdańska

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