Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: user%20experience

• Spatial and Regional Planning Studies

  Kursy Online

  • I. Haxhiaj
  • Ł. Pancewicz

  The course objective is to teach the basic, practical skills of planning for the architects. Three aspects of planning will be taught during the course: building control, regulatory planning and operational planning. The students will explore the role of planning in granting the building permissions, how to prepare the planning (zoning) regulations and finally what are urban design tools, which can be used to coordinate the development...

• Mathematical and numerical modelling,W,IDE-EMSS,IIst,sem.01,lato,2023/24 (PG_00057379)

  Kursy Online

  • K. J. Kaliński

  Modelling of controlled mechanical systems by the mixed method of rigid and flexible finite elements: The finite element volume problems. Dynamics of multibody systems. Modelling of stationary closed loop systems. Modelling of systems whose configuration changes with time. Modelling of nonlinear controlled systems. Optimal control at energy performance index: Control of continuous nonstationary systems in domain of generalised...

• Mathematical and Numerical Modelling, L, IDE IInd, sem.01, summer, 2022/23(00057379)

  Kursy Online

  • K. J. Kaliński

  Modelling of controlled mechanical systems by the mixed method of rigid and flexible finite elements: The finite element volume problems. Dynamics of multibody systems. Modelling of stationary closed loop systems. Modelling of systems whose configuration changes with time. Modelling of nonlinear controlled systems. Optimal control at energy performance index: Control of continuous nonstationary systems in domain of generalised...

• EMBOA - affective loop in Socially Assistive Robotics as an intervention tool for children with autism

  Kursy Online

  • M. Wróbel
  • A. Landowska

  The aim of the training course "Intensive programmes for higher education learner" within the EMBOA project is to familiarise participants with the use of social robots as an intervention tool for children with autism, emotion recognition and the combination of both methods. Students will be informed about the guidelines and results of the project.

• Technika radia programowalnego - wykład - 2022/23 - Nowy

  Kursy Online

  • A. Marczak

  Kurs do wykładu z Techniki radia programowalnego omawia zagadnienia sprzętu i oprogramowania, które są wykorzystywane podczas realizacji urządzeń nadawczo-odbiorczych w technologii radia programowalnego (ang. Software Defined Radio - SDR). The course for the lecture on Software Defined Radio Technology discusses the issues of hardware and software that are used in the implementation of transmitting and receiving devices in Software...

• Work Safety and Ergonomics - L-15/C-0/L-0/P-0, Design and Production Engineering, WIMiO, undergraduate studies, engineering studies, full-time (stationary) studies, 2021/2022, se04, (M:32013W0), summer semester 2023/2024

  Kursy Online

  • G. Ronowski
  • R. Woźniak

  Wydział Mechaniczny    Mechanika i budowa maszyn (w języku angielskim). Kurs: Specjalność: Design and Production Engineering (WM), I stopnia - inżynierskie, stacjonarne, 2018/2019 - zimowy (obecnie sem. 4), Semestr: 2019/2020 - letni. Student explains the concepts of ergonomics. Describes its goals and area of application. Defines the human - machine - environment system. Designs the human working environment taking into account...

• Technika radia programowalnego - wykład - 2024/25

  Kursy Online

  • A. Marczak

  Kurs do wykładu z Techniki radia programowalnego omawia zagadnienia sprzętu i oprogramowania, które są wykorzystywane podczas realizacji urządzeń nadawczo-odbiorczych w technologii radia programowalnego (ang. Software Defined Radio - SDR). The course for the lecture on Software Defined Radio Technology discusses the issues of hardware and software that are used in the implementation of transmitting and receiving devices in Software...

• Technika radia programowalnego - wykład - 2023/24

  Kursy Online

  • A. Marczak

  Kurs do wykładu z Techniki radia programowalnego omawia zagadnienia sprzętu i oprogramowania, które są wykorzystywane podczas realizacji urządzeń nadawczo-odbiorczych w technologii radia programowalnego (ang. Software Defined Radio - SDR). The course for the lecture on Software Defined Radio Technology discusses the issues of hardware and software that are used in the implementation of transmitting and receiving devices in Software...

• Library Information Skills - Level 1

  Kursy Online

  • A. Jaroszuk-Antoniewska
  • A. Szymik

  The Gdańsk Tech Library offers Library Information Skills e-course to the students enrolled in English-language degree programmes at Gdańsk University of Technology (Gdańsk Tech). It is an obligatory course. There is a test at the end of the e-course. Information skills, or in other words information literacy, means knowing what kind of information a student is looking for, where to find it, how to evaluate, communicate and use...

• Materials for energy storage and conversion devices 2022/2023

  Kursy Online

  Electrodes: Metals as electrodes in aqueous and non-aqueous systems, metal nanoparticles. Collectors current. 3D, 2D, 1 D carbons, carbon nanomaterials. Organic semiconductors "Synthetic metals" - p-type, n-type. Inorganic semiconductors: oxides, selenides, sulfides, others. Intercalated electrodes. Mixed conductors (MIEC). Photo-active semiconductor materials. Electrolytes. Water electrolytes in commercial products. Electroactive...

• Interactive Decision Making, Environmental Engineering, 2022/2023 (summer semester)

  Kursy Online

  • A. Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska
  • A. Siemaszko

  The course is designed for students of MSc Studies in Environmental Engineering Person responsible for the subject, carrying out lectures and tutorials: mgr inż. Agata.Siemaszko; agata.siemaszko@pg.edu.pl The person conducting the lectures and tutorials: dr inż. Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska; anna.jakubczyk@pg.edu.pl The course provides students with knowledge on development and application of statisticalstrategic approach to decision...

• Water Resources Management - Winter Semester 2021-2022

  Kursy Online

  • T. Kolerski
  • A. M. Mustafa

  Water Resources Management as defined for purpose of this course includes both water use and water excess management. The fundamental water resources engineering processes are the hydrologic processes and the hydraulic processes. The common threads that relate to the explanation of these processes are the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. The hydrologic processes include rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, rainfall-runoff and routing,...

• WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2024

  Kursy Online

  • T. Kolerski

  Water Resources Management as defined for purpose of this course includes both water use and water excess management. The fundamental water resources engineering processes are the hydrologic processes and the hydraulic processes. The common threads that relate to the explanation of these processes are the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. The hydrologic processes include rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, rainfall-runoff and routing,...

• SPACIAL FORM DESIGN scale 1:1

  Kursy Online

  • Ł. Ławrynowicz
  • K. Wróblewski

  Brief description: The subject matter of the spatial form design classes is transformation. First, a black square becomes a flat graphic composition, which is then converted to color. The final stage of the transformation process is a spatial object, which is by assumption devoid of any utilitarian functions. Course content / classes schedule:   1. Graphic. The task is to create an achromatic flat composition in the contrast...

• Baltic Smart Asset Management - Training Module

  Kursy Online

  • A. Rogala
  • P. Rybarczyk

  Baltic Smart Asset Management is an international project co-financed by the funds from Interreg South Baltic Programme 2014-2020. The aim of the project is to develop methods, transnational collaboration processes and knowledge about Smart Asset Management (SAM) for District Heating (DH) sector. The training module will help to spread the professional knowledge on new solutions and applications of SAM methods to promote data-driven...

• Water Resources Management 2022/2023

  Kursy Online

  • T. Kolerski
  • A. M. Mustafa

  Water Resources Management as defined for purpose of this course includes both water use and water excess management. The fundamental water resources engineering processes are the hydrologic processes and the hydraulic processes. The common threads that relate to the explanation of these processes are the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. The hydrologic processes include rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, rainfall-runoff and routing,...

• ELECTIVE PROJECT II _sem 5_Green Story - Free Time Space

  Kursy Online

  • K. Życzkowska

  The topic of the course - Green Story - Free Time Space, joins green architecture and a place to spend free time - inside and outside – to read, to eat, to relax. The idea is to design green – to give back the greenery to the public square – to make a city space more friendly for users and more friendly to the environment.  You can design a story, to make a space more attractive. You can design a Green Story, to make people more...

• Multimedia i interfejsy 2024

  Kursy Online

  • M. Szwoch

  {mlang pl} Celem kursu jest zapoznanie studentów z: rodzajami danych multimedialnych oraz metodami ich pozyskiwania formatami i standardami danych multimedialnych metodami kompresji danych multimedialnych podstawami przetwarzania danych multimedialnych oraz ich rozpoznawania programowaniem aplikacji multimedialnych, w tym gier wideo rodzajami interfejsów użytkownika w systemach komputerowych metodami opisu oraz zasadami tworzenia...

• Elective Seminar: Loft - Before and Nowadays - Creative Contest for Architects and Designers

  Kursy Online

  • K. Zielińska-Dąbkowska
  • M. Gawdzik
  • A. Zdanowicz

    As part of the elective seminar, students working in groups of 3 people will prepare architectural and lighting concept for an international competition: "LOFT-BEFORE AND NOWADAYS" organized by the Polish Lighting Industry Association), co-organized by Goczołowie Architekci OVO Grąbczewscy Architects and the SOMA Agency, the organizer of the International LIGHT Fair. More information here about the competition here: https://lightfair.pl/green-shoots-competition/ The...

• Urban and Road Engineering - Smolnicki

  Kursy Online

  • P. M. Smolnicki

  Lectures about "Urban and Road Engineering", dedicated to sixth semester of the English-speaking group, will be conducted in a way that activates students. Lectures on Road Engineering cover a wide range of important issues related to the subject, starting from a discussion of the historical circumstances of the creation, development and domination of the contemporary conventional model, through identifying new approaches and...

• Projektowanie Aplikacji Internetowych 2022/23

  Kursy Online

  • J. Kuchta

  {mlang en}Web Application Design covers the software design phase, which falls between the analysis of the problem domain and the implementation of the program in the code. It shows the rules and guidelines for application design in general, with particular emphasis on web application design problems. Teaches systematic design in aspects of system architecture, application logic, user interface and data structure. Emphasizes the...

• Projektowanie Aplikacji Internetowych 2023/24

  Kursy Online

  • J. Kuchta

  {mlang en}Web Application Design covers the software design phase, which falls between the analysis of the problem domain and the implementation of the program in the code. It shows the rules and guidelines for application design in general, with particular emphasis on web application design problems. Teaches systematic design in aspects of system architecture, application logic, user interface and data structure. Emphasizes the...

• Projektowanie Aplikacji Internetowych 2024/25

  Kursy Online

  • J. Kuchta

  {mlang en}Web Application Design covers the software design phase, which falls between the analysis of the problem domain and the implementation of the program in the code. It shows the rules and guidelines for application design in general, with particular emphasis on web application design problems. Teaches systematic design in aspects of system architecture, application logic, user interface and data structure. Emphasizes the...

• Elective design II Reinventing Gdańsk / Reinventing Gdynia

  Kursy Online

  • K. Życzkowska

  The workshop will examine important modern architectural buildings in Gdańsk/ Gdynia in different political, cultural, economic and environmental contexts. The students will be divided into groups. Each group will be led by the curator of the exhibition. They will identify and evaluate the architectural values of the building through analyses, deconstructions and syntheses, focusing on understanding the basic principles of architecture...

• Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics EE Msc sem. I r.a. 22/23

  Kursy Online

  • P. Zima
  • A. M. Mustafa

  Basic definitions. Physical properties of liquids. Forces acting on fluids. Hydrostatics - basic equations. Pressure on a flat and curved wall. Buoyancy. Archimedes' law. Balance of submerged bodies. The balance of floating bodies. Hydrodynamics. Hydrodynamic quantities. Continuity equation for the liquid stream. Bernoulli equation. Basic laws of hydrodynamics. Equation of mass behavior, preservation of the amount of motion, Bernoulli's...

• Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics EE Msc sem. I r.a. 23/24

  Kursy Online

  • P. Zima

  Basic definitions. Physical properties of liquids. Forces acting on fluids. Hydrostatics - basic equations. Pressure on a flat and curved wall. Buoyancy. Archimedes' law. Balance of submerged bodies. The balance of floating bodies. Hydrodynamics. Hydrodynamic quantities. Continuity equation for the liquid stream. Bernoulli equation. Basic laws of hydrodynamics. Equation of mass behavior, preservation of the amount of motion, Bernoulli's...

• Multimedia i Interfejsy 2022

  Kursy Online

  • J. Daciuk
  • W. Szwoch
  • M. Szwoch

  {mlang pl} Celem kursu jest zapoznanie studentów z: rodzajami danych multimedialnych oraz metodami ich pozyskiwania formatami i standardami danych multimedialnych metodami kompresji danych multimedialnych podstawami przetwarzania danych multimedialnych oraz ich rozpoznawania programowaniem aplikacji multimedialnych, w tym gier wideo rodzajami interfejsów użytkownika w systemach komputerowych metodami opisu oraz zasadami...

• Intensyfikacja procesów w przemyśle chemicznym [Moduł dyscyplinarny do wyboru, Grupa B]

  Kursy Online

  • D. Konopacka-Łyskawa

  Prowadząca: dr hab. inż. Donata Konopacka-Łyskawa Terminy realizacji:  25.11.2023 - 10-12 26.11.2023 - 10-12 09.12.2023 - 10-12 10.12.2023 - 10-12 13.01.2024 - 10-12 20.01.2024 - 10-13 27.01.2024 - 10-12 Celem realizacji przedmiotu jest zapoznanie doktorantów wdrożeniowych z metodami i strategiami intensyfikacji procesów w przemyśle chemicznym. Podejmowane zagadnienia: Cele intensyfikacji procesów Nowe rozwiązania...

• Multimedia i Interfejsy 2023

  Kursy Online

  • J. Daciuk
  • W. Szwoch
  • M. Szwoch

  {mlang pl} Celem kursu jest zapoznanie studentów z: rodzajami danych multimedialnych oraz metodami ich pozyskiwania formatami i standardami danych multimedialnych metodami kompresji danych multimedialnych podstawami przetwarzania danych multimedialnych oraz ich rozpoznawania programowaniem aplikacji multimedialnych, w tym gier wideo rodzajami interfejsów użytkownika w systemach komputerowych metodami opisu oraz zasadami...

• PG-00060238 Standardy integralności mechanicznej dla inżynierii cyfrowej opartej na danych

  Kursy Online

  • J. Szwedowicz

  Kurs w zrozumiały sposób wyjaśnia praktyki inżynierskie dotyczące oceny mechanizmów awarii elementów mechanicznych, metody Stress-Life i Strain-Life, techniki liczenia cykli. Wyjaśnione modele oparte na wiedzy analitycznej są odniesione do potrzeb monitorowania silnika, które generuje dane pracy urządzeń u klientów. Dane te są wykorzystywane w rozwiązaniach inżynierii cyfrowej, takich jak digital twin (dla części) lub digital thread...

• 2023_Reinventing Gdansk_Elective seminar

  Kursy Online

  • K. Życzkowska

  The workshop will examine important modern architecturalbuildings in Gdansk in different political, cultural, economicand environmental contexts. The students will be dividedinto groups. Each group will be led by the curator of theexhibition. They will identify and evaluate the architecturalvalues of the building through analyses, deconstructions andsyntheses, focusing on understanding the basic principles ofarchitecture and establishing...

• PG-00060238 Standardy integralności mechanicznej dla inżynierii cyfrowej opartej na danych

  Kursy Online

  • J. Szwedowicz

  Kurs w zrozumiały sposób wyjaśnia praktyki inżynierskie dotyczące oceny mechanizmów awarii elementów mechanicznych, metody Stress-Life i Strain-Life, techniki liczenia cykli. Wyjaśnione modele oparte na wiedzy analitycznej są odniesione do potrzeb monitorowania silnika, które generuje dane pracy urządzeń u klientów. Dane te są wykorzystywane w rozwiązaniach inżynierii cyfrowej, takich jak digital twin (dla części) lub digital thread...

• Inteligentne systemy pomiarowe/smart metering [moduł III obowiązkowy, grupy A i B ]

  Kursy Online

  • M. Galik

  Prowadzący:  Dyr. Maciej Galik, Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki PG Terminy realizacji: pierwsze spotkanie online: 5.05 (piątek) od 16.30 do 19:00 drugie spotkanie online: 12.05 (piątek) od 16.30 do 19:00 trzecie spotkanie online: 19.05 (piątek) od 16.30 do 19:00 czwarte spotkanie online: 26.05 (piątek) od 16.30 do 19:00 Celem zajęć jest poszerzenie rozumienia ryzyk związanych z technologią oraz przedstawienie...

• PROJEKT ZESPOŁOWY [DK][2023/24]

  Kursy Online

  • D. Karkosiński

  CCCLECTURE and Classes: Power supply systems for industrial facilities. Devices and main circuits of MV power stations. Short-circuit calculation. Power protection automation. Security classification according to American ANSI standards used in the EU. Microprocessor protection relays. Drive systems for medium power and medium voltage pumps. Roving inverters. PROJECT: Design of a MV switching station for a medium-power pumping...

• PROJEKT ZESPOŁOWY [ET][DK][2024/25]

  Kursy Online

  • D. Karkosiński

  CCCLECTURE and Classes: Power supply systems for industrial facilities. Devices and main circuits of MV power stations. Short-circuit calculation. Power protection automation. Security classification according to American ANSI standards used in the EU. Microprocessor protection relays. Drive systems for medium power and medium voltage pumps. Roving inverters. PROJECT: Design of a MV switching station for a medium-power pumping...

• TIME SERIES MODELING (PG_00063724)

  Kursy Online

  • P. Paradowski

  Effectively uses in-depth knowledge of economic time series analysis methods, applying the results of analyzes to formulate forecasts. Subject contents: 1. Classical time series analysis (trend, cyclical fluctuations) 2. Exponential smoothing models 3. Holt and Winters model 4. Stochastic processes and time series 5. Characteristics of stochastic processes 6. Process spectrum autocorrelation functions 7. Study of the stationarity...

• Art Workshop I 2024/2025

  Kursy Online

  • Ł. Ławrynowicz
  • D. Krechowicz

   Drawing classes for first-year students of the Faculty of Architecture are aimed at developing basic drawing skills (learning composition, studying proportions, directions and contrasts, mutual relations of objects and chiaroscuro problems) based on the following topics: still life sketches, still life study, figure sketches in motion, character study. Classes are based on the observation of nature, which is an important element...

• Urban Project IV. Summer semester - ERASMUS

  Kursy Online

  • Ł. Pancewicz

  Course Urban Project IV (AI_MK_28/1) SHAPING A NEW DISTRICT – WHITE RIVER (POL. BIAŁA RZEKA) IN THE CITY OF RUMIA The subject of the exercises is to design the spatial layout of the new district in the area of ​​the so-called Small Tricity. The task of the group will be to develop initial design guidelines - layout and character of buildings, primar building parameters, service program. The planned construction of the new SKM...

• ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CREATIVITY - summer term 2021/22

  Kursy Online

  • M. Popowska

  The aim of the course is to acquaint students with entrepreneurship as a phenomenon,  increase their pro-entrepreneurial attitudes and develop skills necessary in entrepreneurship process. Special emphasis will be placed on fashion business as representing creative industry. The main objectives are as follows: Learn how to prepare a business model canvas and business plan. Know the backstage of the fashion industry. Identify...

• ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CREATIVITY - winter term 2024/25

  Kursy Online

  • M. M. Popowska

  The aim of the course is to acquaint students with entrepreneurship as a phenomenon,  increase their pro-entrepreneurial attitudes and develop skills necessary in entrepreneurship process. Special emphasis will be placed on fashion business as representing creative industry. The main objectives are as follows: Learn how to prepare a business model canvas and business plan. Know the backstage of the fashion industry. Identify...

• Global Trends 2022

  Kursy Online

  • L. Segreto

  The course reflects on the different models of capitalism, starting with the debate on "Varieties of capitalism". It will deal with the relationships between historical dimension, juridical and economic cultures, institutions, financial markets and ownership structures in today's world economy. The aim of the course is trying to give an answer to a couple of very simple questions: why economic systems react in a different way...

• Architectural project V Design for all

  Kursy Online

  • J. Cudzik
  • D. Sędzicki
  • M. Gawdzik

  This course centers on designing a modern hotel/student dormitory incorporating additional ground-floor services, such as restaurants, shops, and conference spaces. Students will tackle the challenge of creating a dynamic and flexible design responsive to the urban context and sustainability goals while using advanced conceptual tools such as artificial intelligence.This course aims to guide students in designing a hotel that serves...

• Measurements in civil engineering, transport, environmental engineering, mining and power engineering 22/23

  Kursy Online

  • P. Zima

  The course is primarily open to all PhD students at Gdansk University of Technology. This course is compulsory for PhD students assigned to Civil Engineering and Transport as well as Environmental Engineering, Mining and Power Engineering tracks at Doctoral School of GUT. This course allows the PhD students to obtain the knowledge related to the experimental equipment and types of experiments carried out at GUT in the field of...

• Measurements in civil engineering, transport, environmental engineering, mining and power engineering 23/24

  Kursy Online

  • P. Zima

  The course is primarily open to all PhD students at Gdansk University of Technology. This course is compulsory for PhD students assigned to Civil Engineering and Transport as well as Environmental Engineering, Mining and Power Engineering tracks at Doctoral School of GUT. This course allows the PhD students to obtain the knowledge related to the experimental equipment and types of experiments carried out at GUT in the field of...

• Functional Materials

  Kursy Online

  • P. Jasiński
  • R. Bogdanowicz
  • M. Sobaszek
  • K. Cysewska
  • S. Molin

  Prerequisites: The course is primarily open to all PhD students at Gdansk University of Technology. This course is compulsory for PhD students assigned to Automation, Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Space Technologies tracks at Doctoral School at Gdańsk University of Technology Content During the course students will learn about different classes of intelligent materials and a strong emphasis will be placed on their practical...

• History of World Architecture II 2021/2022

  Kursy Online

  • M. Sołtysik
  • A. Orchowska
  • B. Macikowski

  The course HISTORY OF WORLD II (HWA I) is obligatory in the second semester of study at the Faculty of Architecture at Gdańsk University ofTechnology. It lasts 15 weeks, finishes with the exam, and consists of 15 one-hour lectures and 7 two-hour exercises. The merit of the course includes Western World architecture, beginning from Renaissance (XVI c.), Baroque, Neoclassicism, and Historicism, up until the XIX century. The aim of the...

• History of World Architecture I 2022/23

  Kursy Online

  • M. Sołtysik
  • A. Orchowska
  • B. Macikowski

  The course History of World Architecture I (HWA I) is obligatory on the first semester of study at the Faculty of Architecture  at Gdańsk University of Technology. It lasts 15 weeks , finishes with the exam and consists of 15 two-hour lectures and 15 two-hour exercises. The merit of the course includes the Western World architecture, beginning  from Prehistory and Antiquity (Sumer, Egypt, Greece, Rome), up to the end of the Middle...

• History of World Architecture II 2022/2023

  Kursy Online

  • M. Sołtysik
  • A. Orchowska
  • B. Macikowski

  The course HISTORY OF WORLD II (HWA I) is obligatory in the second semester of study at the Faculty of Architecture at Gdańsk University ofTechnology. It lasts 15 weeks, finishes with the exam, and consists of 15 one-hour lectures and 7 two-hour exercises. The merit of the course includes Western World architecture, beginning from Renaissance (XVI c.), Baroque, Neoclassicism, and Historicism, up until the XIX century. The aim of the...

• [ITiT] Transmission Channel in Radio Communication Systems - 2023/2024

  Kursy Online

  • S. J. Ambroziak

  {mlang pl} Dyscyplina: informatyka techniczna i telekomunikacja Zajęcia fakultatywne dla doktorantów II roku Prowadzący:  dr hab. inż. Sławomir Ambroziak, prof. PG Liczba godzin: 15 Forma zajęć: wykład {mlang} {mlang en} Discipline: technical informatics and telecommunications Elective course for 2nd-year PhD students Academic teachers: dr hab. inż. Sławomir Ambroziak, prof. PG Total hours of training: 15 teaching hours Course...

• Hydro and marine civil engineering (2023-2024)

  Kursy Online

  • W. Sterpejkowicz-Wersocki
  • A. M. Mustafa
  • W. Magda

  Kurs realizowany na Wydziale Inżynierii Lądowej i Środowiska  (WILiŚ) Politechniki Gdańskiej. Studia:   II stopnia - magisterskie, stacjonarne Kierunek: Budownictwo Semestr:  1 (letni) Presentation of basic hydro and marine civil engineering structures together with basic computational procedures for determining environmental forces acting on a structure (vertical-wall breakwater, rubble mound breakwater, submarine pipelines...