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Mispronunciation Detection in Non-Native (L2) English with Uncertainty Modeling
PublikacjaA common approach to the automatic detection of mispronunciation in language learning is to recognize the phonemes produced by a student and compare it to the expected pronunciation of a native speaker. This approach makes two simplifying assumptions: a) phonemes can be recognized from speech with high accuracy, b) there is a single correct way for a sentence to be pronounced. These assumptions do not always hold, which can result...
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Comparison of tuning procedures based on evolutionary algorithm for multi-region fuzzy-logic PID controller for non-linear plant
PublikacjaThe paper presents a comparison of tuning procedures for a multi-region fuzzy-logic controller used for nonlinear process control. This controller is composed of local PID controllers and fuzzy-logic mechanism that aggregates local control signals. Three off-line tuning procedures are presented. The first one focuses on separate tuning of local PID controllers gains in the case when the parameters of membership functions of fuzzy-logic...
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Formation of the hollow nanopillar arrays through the laser-induced transformation of TiO2 nanotubes
PublikacjaIn the following article, we present a simple, two-step method of creating spaced, hollow nanopillars, from the titania nanotube arrays via pulsed laser-treatment. Due to the high ordering of the structure, the prepared material exhibits photonic properties, which has been shown to increase the overall photoefficiency. The optical and morphological changes in the titania nanotubes after pulsed laser-treatment with 532, 355, and...
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Hybrid Method Analysis of Unshielded Guiding Structures
PublikacjaA combination of mode matching, finite element methods and generalized impedance matrix is presented in a context of propagation problems for open guiding structures. The computational domain is divided into two regions: the first one is a circular cylinder containing whole guiding structure and the second one surrounds this artificial cylinder. The impedance matrix is calculated with the use of finite element method in the first...
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Novel cast polyetherurethanes based on dispersed polymeric polyols
PublikacjaOur study was focused on obtaining polyetherurethanes synthesized with using polymeric polyether based polyols differing in dispersed copolymer content (10, 20 and 40 wt%). The polyetherurethane materials were synthesized via two step method. The influence of different polymeric polyether based polyols on the chemical structure, morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of the obtained polyetherurethanes was investigated. The...
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Impact of Shifting Time-Window Post-Processing on the Quality of Face Detection Algorithms
PublikacjaWe consider binary classification algorithms, which operate on single frames from video sequences. Such a class of algorithms is named OFA (One Frame Analyzed). Two such algorithms for facial detection are compared in terms of their susceptibility to the FSA (Frame Sequence Analysis) method. It introduces a shifting time-window improvement, which includes the temporal context of frames in a post-processing step that improves the...
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Preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane -polyglycerol nanocomposite foams
PublikacjaThis work reports on the preparation of polyurethane–polyisocyanurate (PUR–PIR) foams containing different polyglycerols and layered silicate nanoclays. The rigid polyurethane foams were obtained in a laboratory scale, in a single step method, from a two-component system with a NCO to OH groups ratio equal to two. The reaction mixture consisted of the proper amounts of a commercial oligoetherpolyol, polyglycerol, catalysts, water,...
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Analysis of Roughness, the Material Removal Rate, and the Acoustic Emission Signal Obtained in Flat Grinding Processes
PublikacjaIn this work, the analysis of the acoustic emission (AE) signal in grinding processes is addressed. The proposed analysis method decomposes the acoustic signal into three frequency ranges. The total energy of each range is determined, as well as the highest frequency. Different grinding experiments were carried out, according to a full factorial design of experiments (DOE), in which feed speed, depth of cut, and transversal step...
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Preparation of bicyclic β-lactam and bicyclic 1,3- oxazinone scaffolds using combined cycloaddition and metathesis processes
PublikacjaA simple, efficient two-step method for the preparation of heterobicyclic compounds was developed. Starting from 5-acyl or 5-carbamoyl-2,2- dimethyl-1,3-dioxa-4,5-dione bicyclic scaffolds of 1-azabicyclo[5.2.0]non- 3-en-9-one, 6,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-4H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]azepin-4-one, and 6,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]azepine-2,4(3H)-dione were prepared using cycloaddition of thermally generated ketenes to aldimines...
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New semi-causal and noncausal techniques for detection of impulsive disturbances in multivariate signals with audio applications
PublikacjaThis paper deals with the problem of localization of impulsive disturbances in nonstationary multivariate signals. Both unidirectional and bidirectional (noncausal) detection schemes are proposed. It is shown that the strengthened pulse detection rule, which combines analysis of one-step-ahead signal prediction errors with critical evaluation of leave-one-out signal interpolation errors, allows one to noticeably improve detection results...
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The QDMC Model Predictive Controller for the Nuclear Power Plant Steam Turbine Control
PublikacjaThere are typically two main control loops with PI con trollers operating at each turbo-generator set. In this paper a model predictive controller QDMC for the steam turbine is proposed - instead of a typical PI controller. The QDMC controller utilize a step-response model for the controlled system. This model parameters are determined, based on the simplified and linear model of turbo-generator set, which parameters are identified...
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Real-time PCR approach in dermatophyte detection and Trichophyton rubrum identification
PublikacjaDermatophytes are keratinophilic molds that infect human hair, nails and skin. Diagnosis of dermatophytosis is based on morphological, serological and biochemical features. However, identification is difficult and laborious due to similarities between microorganisms. Thus, there is considerable interest to develop mycological diagnostic procedures based on molecular biology methods. In this study, fast, two-step DNA extraction...
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Arc-length Algorithm Efficiency in the Analysis of Thermally Loaded Multilayered Shells
PublikacjaThis paper concerns the efficiency study of the arc-length algorithm in the geometrically non-linear analysis of thermally loaded multilayered shells. The thermal loading is considered as the one-way thermo-mechanical coupling effect. Two implementations of the arc-length method are examined: the path-following technique available in NX-Nastran and the RiksWempner-Ramm algorithm adopted in the authors’ computer code SHLTH. It is...
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Aqueous Molybdate Provides Effective Corrosion Inhibition of WE43 Magnesium Alloy in Sodium Chloride Solutions
PublikacjaCorrosion and corrosion inhibition of WE43 magnesium alloy were investigated in NaCl solutions containing different amounts of sodium molybdate. Electrochemical, microscopic, and spectroscopic experiments were utilized to examine the mechanism of corrosion inhibition by molybdates. Electrochemical data showed that Na2MoO4 inhibitor provides reliable inhibition at concentrations at and above 100 mM. Raman and XPS spectroscopy demonstrated...
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Heat exchange enhancement of jet impingement cooling with the novel humped-cone heat sink
PublikacjaJet impingement cooling technology is applicable to control temperature of devices, where very high heat flux is generated within a small area. This paper is about the improvement of the jet impingement cooling efficiency by the heat sink geometry modification. Two reference cases were sourced from the literature – flat heat sink and modified one with cone in the jet stagnation region. Such a change improves cooling capability...
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Modeling the Effects of Slowly Biodegradable Substrate at Large WWTP in Northern Poland
PublikacjaThe essential study was divided into two parts: experimental investigation and mathematical modeling using special platform to computer simulations. In the first part of research an innovative measurement procedure for an indirect determination of the effect of biodegradable particulate and colloidal Xs substrate was developed and implemented. The results of laboratory tests were used futher to verify the mechanism of the hydrolysis...
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Optimization of a Fabry-Perot Sensing Interferometer design for an optical fiber sensor of hematocrit level
PublikacjaContinuous measurement of the hemato crit level in blo o d can p otentially b e p erformed using optical bre sensors. The FabryPerot interferometric sensors are a promising candidate in this application. The most imp ortant step in the design of the sensor is design of the sensing interferometer. Adequate cavity length and high interference contrast are two most imp ortant requirements in this application. The design metho d of...
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Dynamic analysis of the impact of the wind spectrum according to the theory of Davenport for lightweight structures of the roof in sports hall Czyzyna in Cracow.
PublikacjaThe main aim of this analysis is to characterize numerical simulations connected with modeling dynamic influence of wind on the lightweight structures of the roof in sports hall – “Czyżyna”. This hall is built in Cracow. The article also involves the proposals of the solutions connected with dynamic influence of the wind – Davenport’s method has been used. These proposals have not been taken into consideration at the detailed engineering...
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The importance of anchoring ligands of binuclear sensitizers on electron transfer processes and photovoltaic action in dye-sensitized solar cells
PublikacjaThe relatively low photon-to-current conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells is their major drawback limiting widespread application. Light harvesting, followed by a series of electron transfer processes, is the critical step in photocurrent generation. An in-depth understanding and fine optimization of those processes are crucial to enhance cell performance. In this work, we synthesize two new bi-ruthenium sensitizers...
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Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction on highly stable titania-supported PdO and Eu2O3 nanocomposites in a strong alkaline solution
PublikacjaIn this work, PdO/TiO2 and Eu2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites (NCs), were synthesized using a new facile, template-free and one-step solvothermal approach, and characterized by several instrumentation techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the presence of oxidised form of the Pd and Eu nanoparticles within the nanocomposite materials (PdO and Eu2O3). The two catalysts exhibited remarkable activity for the HER...
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Updating the Coupling Algorithm between HYDRUS and MODFLOW in the HYDRUS Package for MODFLOW
PublikacjaThe HYDRUS-based flow package for MODFLOW (the HPM or the HYDRUS package) is an existing unsaturated zone flow package for MODFLOW. In MODFLOW with the HPM, the groundwater modeling domain is discretized into regular grids that can be combined into multiple zones based on similarities in soil hydrology, topographical characteristics, and the depth to the groundwater. Each of these zones is assigned one unsaturated soil profile...
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A Convenient Way to Methylated 2-Imidazolines. Syntheses of Fluorene and Triazine Cyclic Diamidines
PublikacjaOne N-methyl- and 4-substituted 2-imidazolines are described. Fluorene bisimidazolines were obtained in good yield (64-92%), starting from 2,7-dicyanofluorene and ammonium sulfide. In a two-step procedure the crude bisthioamide was reacted with excess diaminoalkane-ethanol (1:1 mixt.) in an oil bath. This new procedure is superior over std. methods. For the sake of comparison, a new triazine bisimidazoline (I) was prepd. by...
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Surface and Corrosion Properties of AA6063-T5 Aluminium Alloy in Molybdate-containing Sodium Chloride Solutions
PublikacjaCorrosion properties of aluminium alloy AA6063-T5 were investigated in molybdate-containing NaCl solutions. Electrochemical, microscopic, and spectroscopic experiments were utilized to examine the mechanism of corrosion inhibition by molybdates. SEM-EDX, magnetic force, and intermodulation electrostatic force microscopy data suggested that the inhibition initiation preferentially occurred over Fe-rich cathodic IMPs. Spectroscopic...
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The distributed model predictive controller for the nuclear power plant turbo-generator set
PublikacjaTypically there are two main control loops with PI controllers operating at each turbo-generator set. In this paper a distributed model predictive controller DMPC, with local QDMC controllers for the turbine generator, is proposed instead of a typical PI controllers. The local QDMC controllers utilize step-response models for the controlled system components. These models parameters are determined based on the proposed black-box...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with ground tire rubber - mechanical, morphological and thermal studies
PublikacjaRigid polyurethane foams, prepared by a single step method, were modified with the two types of ground tire rubber particles, i.e. untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foaming process as well as the structure and the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of ground tire rubber decreased the velocity of polymerization....
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Robustness Analysis of a Distributed MPC Control System of a Turbo-Generator Set of a Nuclear Plant – Disturbance Issues
PublikacjaTypically, there are two main control loops with PI controllers operating at each turbo-generator set. In this paper, a distributed model predictive controller with local quadratic model predictive controllers for the turbine generator is proposed instead of a set of classical PI controllers. The local quadratic predictive controllers utilize step-response models for the controlled system components. The parameters of these models...
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The Influence of Substitution of a Phosphorus-Containing Polyol with the Bio-polyol on the Properties of Bio-based PUR/PIR Foams
PublikacjaIn this work, effects of incorporating of a phosphorus-containing polyol into rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams’ formulations developed with use of two different bio-based polyols, derived from crude glycerol or liquefied cellulose were examined. The bio-polyol derived from crude glycerol was synthesized via two-step process from crude glycerol and castor oil, whereas the bio-polyol derived from liquefied cellulose was...
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Clean energy in the European Union: Transition or evolution?
PublikacjaIn this paper, we analyse two phenomena. First, the relationship between greenhouse gases emission and effectiveness of the European Union energy policies and second the transition from the fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. We run two-step data analysis concerning 25 European Union member states in the period from 1990 to 2018. We use information on greenhouse gases emission, introduction of new energy policies, source...
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Monomeric Triphosphinoboranes: Intramolecular Lewis Acid–Base Interactions between Boron and Phosphorus Atoms
PublikacjaHerein, we present the synthesis of the first fully characterized monomeric triphosphinoboranes. The simple reaction of boron tribromide with three equivalents of bulky lithium phosphide tBu2PLi yielded triphosphinoborane (tBu2P)3B. Triphosphinoboranes with diversified phosphanyl substituents were obtained via a two-step reaction, in which isolable bromodiphosphinoborane (tBu2P)2BBr is first formed and then reacts with one equivalent...
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Exploring novel Cd(ii) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde: synthesis, structure, computational insights, and affinity to DNA through switchSense methodology
PublikacjaA series of four Cd(II) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde (L) with different inorganic anions within or outside the coordination sphere of general formula: [CdCl2 L2 ] (1), [CdBr2 L 2] (2), [CdI2L 2] (3), and [CdL4 ](PF6 )2 ·3H2 O (4) was synthesized through one-step and two-step reactions, respectively. All complexes were obtained as colorless crystals without the need for recrystallization and exhibited solubi- lity...
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Objectivization of phonological evaluation of speech elements by means of audio parametrization
PublikacjaThis study addresses two issues related to both machine- and subjective-based speech evaluation by investigating five phonological phenomena related to allophone production. Its aim is to use objective parametrization and phonological classification of the recorded allophones. These allophones were selected as specifically difficult for Polish speakers of English: aspiration, final obstruent devoicing, dark lateral /l/, velar nasal...
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Temperature influence on tyre/road noise of selected tyres
PublikacjaAir and road temperatures substantially affect road vehicle noise emission. The temperature influence on tyre/road noise depends mainly on tyre-road combination. It is different for dense and porous pavements, for bituminous and cement ones. It differs also depending on tyres. The correction procedures for temperature effect are still under consideration and preparation. Tyre/road noise measurements using CPX method were performed...
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Chemical Vapor Transport Route toward Black Phosphorus Nanobelts and Nanoribbons
PublikacjaChemical vapor transport (CVT) method is widely used for bulk black phosphorus (BP) fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate that CVT provides a route for the fabrication of BP nanoribbons and nanobelts. This method consists of a two-step procedure, including initial BP column growth using the CVT technique, followed by ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. The obtained nanostructures preserve BP column dimensions, forming...
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Feature Reduction Using Similarity Measure in Object Detector Learning with Haar-like Features
PublikacjaThis paper presents two methods of training complexity reduction by additional selection of features to check in object detector training task by AdaBoost training algorithm. In the first method, the features with weak performance at first weak classifier building process are reduced based on a list of features sorted by minimum weighted error. In the second method the feature similarity measures are used to throw away that features...
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Dynamical objectivity in quantum Brownian motion
PublikacjaClassical objectivity as a property of quantum states —a view proposed to explain the observer-independent character of our world from quantum theory, is an important step in bridging the quantum-classical gap. It was recently derived in terms of spectrum broadcast structures for small objects embedded in noisy photon-like environments. However, two fundamental problems have arisen: a description of objective motion and applicability...
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Analysis of the influence of external conditions on temperature readings in thermograms and adaptive adjustment of the measured temperature value
PublikacjaMeasuring human temperature is a crucial step in preventing the spread of diseases such as COVID-19. For the proper operation of an automatic body temperature measurement system throughout the year, it is necessary to consider outdoor conditions. In this paper, the effect of atmospheric factors on facial temperature readings using infrared thermography is investigated. A thorough analysis of the variation of facial temperature...
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Chemical Vapor Transport Route toward Black Phosphorus Nanobelts and Nanoribbons
PublikacjaChemical vapor transport (CVT) method is widely used for bulk black phosphorus (BP) fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate that CVT provides a route for the fabrication of BP nanoribbons and nanobelts. This method consists of a two-step procedure, including initial BP column growth using the CVT technique, followed by ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. The obtained nanostructures preserve BP column dimensions, forming...
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Engineering Analysis with ANSYS Software Second Edition
PublikacjaThe best way to learn complex systems is by means of hands-on experience. With an innovative and clear tutorial based approach, this powerful book provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental areas of engineering analysis needed on research or commercial engineering projects. With its detailed step-by-step explanations and sample problems, this book will develop the reader's understanding of FEA and their ability to...
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Modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublikacjaHydrolysis is an important process in biological wastewater treatment and is known to be the ratelimiting step in organic carbon removal from municipal or industrial wastewater. The influence of the readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand fraction in biological wastewater treatment systems has been extensively investigated, but little is known about the effects of slowly biodegradable substrate (XS) on denitrification and...
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Model Management for Low-Computational-Budget Simulation-Based Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Nature-Inspired Algorithms
PublikacjaThe primary objective of this study is investigation of the possibilities of accelerating nature-inspired optimization of antenna structures using multi-fidelity EM simulation models. The primary methodology developed to achieve acceleration is a model management scheme which the level of EM simulation fidelity using two criteria: the convergence status of the optimization algorithm, and relative quality of the individual designs...
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Ionic liquids-based microextraction techniques
PublikacjaIn recent years, the development of highly efficient analytical techniques is of great importance, however, the direct analysis of complex sample matrix is still impossible in many cases. Therefore, the step of sample preparation is commonly involved in an analytical procedure. Over the years, it has been realized that the major source of inaccuracy and imprecision on general analysis results from the operations associated to sample...
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The In-House Method of Manufacturing a Low-Cost Heat Pipe with Specified Thermophysical Properties and Geometry
PublikacjaVarious types of heat pipes are available to purchase off the shelf, from various manufacturers, but most of them have strictly defined geometry and technical parameters. However, when there is a need to use a heat pipe (HP) with an unusual size and shape or working conditions other than the standard ones, it becomes very costly to order them from manufacturers, especially in small quantities, and only a few producers are willing...
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Effect of ionic liquids on surface and photocatalytic properties of selected semiconducttors
PublikacjaThe main aim of this doctoral dissertation was to explain the role of ionic liquids in shaping the morphology of selected semiconductors, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic activity. In order to achieve this goal, the following research steps were taken: (i) developing synthesis methods of selected semiconductors, with particular emphasis on the electrochemical oxidation method; (ii) understanding the influence of the selected...
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CONDITIONS OF THE GREEN TRANSFORMATION. THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
PublikacjaThe main purpose of the paper is to identify the factors that determine the course of green transformation and to assess the current stage and possible directions of change in subsequent years in EU countries. The literature lacks comprehensive studies that show the impact of diverse types of factors on the course of green transformation. For this purpose, two perspectives of the research – economic and environmental – are usually...
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The Sonocatalytic Activation of Persulfates on Iron Nanoparticle Decorated Zeolite for the Degradation of 1,4-Dioxane in Aquatic Environments
PublikacjaIn the chemical industry, 1,4-diethylene dioxide, commonly called dioxane, is widely used as a solvent as well as a stabilizing agent for chlorinated solvents. Due to its high miscibility, dioxane is a ubiquitous water contaminant. This study investigates the effectiveness of catalyst- and ultrasound (US)-assisted persulfate (PS) activation with regard to degrading dioxane. As a first step, a composite catalyst was prepared using...
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Smart growth - is it a fairytale or the best initiative for polish cities and their functional regions?
PublikacjaThe paper presents smart growth perceived as natural step in sustainable development understanding.
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Real-time simulation in non real-time environment
PublikacjaSimulation in real-time is a very useful tool because of didactical and practical benefits. Very important benefit of real-time simulation is a fact that operator’s decision can be taken into account in the same time scale as the real system would work. This enables construction of simulators, and opportunity to test control algorithms in Hardware in The Loop scheme using target industrial equipment. Professional real-time environments...
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Searching of the buried objects into the sea bottom by means of nonlinear acouctic methods
PublikacjaThe main goal of this paper is to introduce the methodology of preparing the area for investigations that will be carried out at the sea. As the first step there is recognition of the basic method both in the theory as well as experimental investigation. There were taken into account the nonlinear methods. These ones are very promising methods that have very interesting features, very convenient for examinations of the seabed structure....
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Fabrication and Structural Properties of LaNb 1‐x As x O 4 Ceramics
PublikacjaLanthanum niobate substituted with arsenic was synthesized by three methods: solid state reaction from binary oxides and two different methods combining co-precipitation and solidstate reaction. In the first of the combined methods LaNb1- xAsxO4 was synthesized from LaAsO4, obtained from coprecipitation method, and lanthanum and niobium oxides. In the second LaNbO4 was first synthesized from binary oxides and then mixed with LaAsO4...
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Dynamic characteristics of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module
PublikacjaThe paper describes a fuel cell based system and its performance. The system is based on two fuel cell units, DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter, microprocessor control unit, load unit, bottled hydrogen supply system and a set of measurement instruments. In the study presented in the paper a dynamic response of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system to unit step change load as well as to periodical load changing cycles...