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Estimation and modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate based on the batch respirometric tests in activated sludge systems
PublikacjaNowadays, appropriate determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation together with degradation kinetics of organic compounds have a prime importance on the design and operation of activated sludge systems. Batch respirometric tests based on the oxygen uptake rates (OUR) and corresponding COD is accepted method to reflect the consumption of biodegradable substrates. The influence of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction...
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A modern solid waste management strategy – the generation of new by-products
PublikacjaTo benefit the environment and society, EU legislation has introduced a ‘zero waste’ strategy, in which waste material should be converted to resources. Such legislation is supported by the solid waste hierarchy concept, which is a set of priorities in waste management. Under this concept, municipal solid waste plants (MSWPs) should be equipped with sorting and recycling facilities, composting/incineration units and landfill prisms...
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Drinking water safety evaluation in the selected sub-Saharan African countries: A case study of Madagascar, Uganda and Rwanda
PublikacjaIn the sub-Saharan region of Africa, access to safe drinking water remains limited in many countries. This study provides an overview of the quality of surface water and groundwater in rural and peri-urban areas of Madagascar, Uganda, and Rwanda. Selected physico-chemical parameters, inorganic species (including inorganic ions), and organic pollution indicators, such as total organic carbon, non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic...
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Influence of the boron doping level on the electrochemical oxidation of raw landfill leachates: advanced pre-treatment prior to the biological nitrogen removal
PublikacjaThe electrochemical oxidative treatment of landfill leachates (LLs) containing high amounts of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter was used as a promising method, prior to biological processes, to achieve the final effluent quality that would be acceptable by current regulations. The deposited boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDs) with different boron doping concentrations (10000, 5000 and 500 ppm of B) were applied as anodes....
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Bioreactors and biophoton-driven biohydrogen production strategies
PublikacjaGiven the current issues with global warming and rising greenhouse gas emissions, biohydrogen is a viable alternative fuel option. Technologies to produce biohydrogen include photo fermentation, dark fermentation, direct and indirect bio-photolysis, and two-stage fermentation. Biological hydrogen generation is a green and promising technique with mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption compared to thermochemical and...
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Comparative Analysis of Metabolic Variations, Antioxidant Profiles and Antimicrobial Activity of Salvia hispanica (Chia) Seed, Sprout, Leaf, Flower, Root and Herb Extracts
PublikacjaThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profiles of the seeds, sprouts, leaves, flowers, roots and herb of Salvia hispanica and to demonstrate their significant contribution to antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Applied methods were: HPLC-DAD coupled with post-column derivatization with ABTS reagent, untargeted metabolomics performed by LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and two-fold micro-dilution broth method, which...
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Sample preparation and recent trends in volatolomics for diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases
PublikacjaThe analysis of the human volatilome can be successfully used for rapid and non-invasive diagnostics of gastrointestinal diseases. However, the introduction of techniques based on detection of volatiles is limited, among other factors, by difficulties which arise during the sampling stage and instrumental analysis. The aim of this article was to review and discuss medical and analytical literature on the analysis of volatiles in...
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Birds' feathers – Suitable samples for determination of environmental pollutants
PublikacjaThe intensive development of industry and human population results in large amounts of different xenobiotic emitted into individual ecosystem components. As a consequence, monitoring of the level of pollution of particular elements of the environment by exotoxins has become a common interest. The determination of environmental changes by different types of biological indicators is called bioindication, which is used as one of the...
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Materiał węglowy ptrzymany na bazie karbonizowanego chitozanu domieszkowanego platyną = CARBON MATERIAL RECEIVED THROUGH CARBONIZATION OF CHITOSAN DOPED WITH PLATINUM
PublikacjaThe aim of this work was to investigate the impact of porous carbons with high nitrogen content onthe platinum catalyst performance properties. The system may be applied as well as cathodic catalyst for oxygenreduction in microbial fuel cells.We report a simple route for preparation of dispersed Platinum on the carbon support. Chitosan powder wasprotonated using aqueous solution of organic acid. The water from the pores was removed...
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Analiza obiegów kombinowanych gazowo-parowych na czynniki niskotemperaturowe
PublikacjaW pracy wykonano analizę obiegów kombinowanych parowo-gazowych z kotłem utylizacyjnym bez dopalania bazujących w układzie parowym na czynnikach niskotemperaturowych. Analizowano obiegi z czynnikami najczęściej stosowanymi w układach ORC (ang. Organic Rankine Cycle) oraz z czynnikami planowanymi do zastosowania w przyszłości. Wyniki porównano z klasycznym układem kombinowanym z kotłem utylizacyjnym gazowo-parowym, w którym czynnikiem...
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Green aspects of techniques for the determination of currently used pesticides in environmental samples
PublikacjaPesticides are among the most dangerous environmental pollutants because of their stability, mobility and long-term effects on living organisms. Their presence in the environment is a particular danger. It is therefore crucial to monitor pesticide residues using all available analytical methods. The analysis of environmental samples for the presence of pesticides is very difficult: the processes involved in sample preparation are...
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Effect of Impoundment on Physico-chemical Properties of Water in the Flowing through stream, the Case of the Turawa Reservoir
PublikacjaThe Turawa reservoir is one of the most important storage reservoirs in Poland. Quite many physico-chemical parameters of water in the reservoir itself and also in the Mała Panew, the river flowing through the reservoir were measured at various periods of the year. Measuring and sampling points were situated at the river inflow, over the reservoir, and at the river outflow. The parameters included temperature, electrical conductivity,...
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Diatoms Biomass as a Joint Source of Biosilica and Carbon for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
PublikacjaThe biomass of one type cultivated diatoms (Pseudostaurosira trainorii), being a source of 3D-stuctured biosilica and organic matter—the source of carbon, was thermally processed to become an electroactive material in a potential range adequate to become an anode in lithium ion batteries. Carbonized material was characterized by means of selected solid-state physics techniques (XRD, Raman, TGA). It was shown that the pyrolysis...
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MOBILITY OF SHALE DRILL CUTTINGS CONSTITUENTS
PublikacjaThis study focuses on the abundance and mobility of metals and trace elements from shale drill cuttings into the water, being the main component of hydraulic fracturing fluid. The relationship between composition of the shale rock and the potential element release during standard water-based leaching tests was characterized by means of X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The XRF analysis confirmed the assumption of shales constituents...
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Poprawa sprawności układów ORC i systemów trigeneracyjnych poprzez zastosowanie różnych termodynamicznych wariantów ich działania
PublikacjaNadrzędnym celem w procesie projektowania instalacji opartej o układy ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) i systemy trigeneracyjne jest uzyskanie możliwie najwyższej sprawności lub maksymalnej mocy układu. Jednak naturalną barierą wdrażania nowych, często kosztownych, technologii są przesłanki natury ekonomicznej. Niedoceniany również bywa w takich przypadkach efekt ekologiczny ewentualnej modernizacji. Niniejsza praca przedstawia systemowe...
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Magnetic field effects in dye-sensitized solar cells controlled by different cell architecture
PublikacjaThe charge recombination and exciton dissociation are generally recognized as the basic electronic processes limiting the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In this work, we propose a detailed mechanism of photocurrent generation in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) examined by magnetic field effect (MFE) technique. Here we demonstrate that the magnitude of the MFE on photocurrent in DSSCs can be controlled by the radius and...
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Application of deep eutectic solvents in analytical sample pretreatment (update 2017–2022). Part A: Liquid phase microextraction
PublikacjaSustainable development in all branches of human activity has become an unequivocal necessity in the last two decades, and green chemistry goes hand in hand with it. Various ways have been proposed in analytical chemistry to meet the current requirements of green chemistry. One such approach is the research of new reagents and solvents for analytical purposes. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) began being investigated and used in analytical...
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Exploring the Reactivity of Unsymmetrical Diphosphanes toward Heterocumulenes: Access to Phosphanyl and Phosphoryl Derivatives of Amides, Imines, and Iminoamides
PublikacjaWe present a comprehensive study on the diphosphanation of iso(thio)cyanates by unsymmetrical diphosphanes. The reactions involving unsymmetrical diphosphanes and phenyl isocyanate or phenyl thioisocyanate gave rise to phosphanyl, phosphoryl, and thiophosphoryl derivatives of amides, imines, and iminoamides. The structures of the diphosphanation products were confirmed through NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal...
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Voriconazole-Based Salts Are Active against Multidrug-Resistant Human Pathogenic Yeasts
PublikacjaVoriconazole (VOR) hydrochloride is unequivocally converted into VOR lactates and valinates upon reaction with silver salts of organic acids. This study found that the anticandidal in vitro activity of these compounds was comparable or slightly better than that of VOR. The Candida albicans clinical isolate overexpressing CaCDR1/CaCDR2 genes, highly resistant to VOR, was apparently more susceptible to VOR salts. On the other hand,...
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A novel concept of negative CO2 emission power plant for utilization of sewage sludge
PublikacjaCarbon Capture and Storage (CSS) technology is considered an important “bridge technology”, allowing effective abatement of CO2 emissions for power units using fossil fuels. However, if biomass is used in a power plant, equipped with CCS system, negative CO2 emissions can be achieved. In practice, wide development of such technologies would enable not only reduction of CO2 emissions, but also reversal of the harm done so far. In...
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Influence of Soft Soil Samples Quality on the Compressibility and Undrained Shear Strength – Seven Lessons Learned From the Vistula Marshlands
PublikacjaThis technical article presents the influence of sample quality on the compressibility parameters and undrained shear strength ( c u ) of soft soils from the Vistula Marshlands. The analysis covers: (1) quality of soft soil according to three criteria: void ratio (Δ e / e 0 index), volumetric strain (Δ ɛ v ) and C r / C c ratio; (2) influence of storage time on quality; (3) influence of sample quality on undrained shear strength...
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Characterization and Technical Application of Fine Photocatalytical Particles - A Study of the Immobilization of Photocatalysts
PublikacjaThe main aim of this dissertation was the transfer of photocatalytical laboratory scale experiments to semi-technical scale. Preliminary experiments of the purification of organic chlorine-loaded waters and the immobilization of photocatalysts were performed, which yielded the research back to the roots of synthesis. The first applied research was carried out on treatment of recreational water. Several light sources, particularly...
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Screening evaluation of the quality of commercially available cigars, cigarillos, and bidis based on emission levels of selected terpenes and terpenoids
PublikacjaThe aim of the research was to verify the use of the solvent-free, non-destructive and easy to operate analytical method to study and compare the emissions of 16 representatives of terpenes and terpenoids from commercially available cigars, cigarillos and bidis − a potential screening analysis for the quality of combustible tobacco products. To assess the amount of organic compounds emitted to the gaseous phase from investigated...
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Improving the energy balance in wastewater treatment plants by optimization of aeration control and application of new technologies
PublikacjaThe methods to improve the energy balance of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) by optimization of aeration process control and application of innovative nitrogen removal technologies were overviewed in the study. The control of aeration based on the ABAC (Ammonia-Based Aeration Control) system allows not only for significant savings in electricity consumption, but it can also increase the efficiency of the denitrification process....
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DESIGN AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF A PROTOTYPE TILTING-PAD RADIAL BEARING WITH ADJUSTABLE CLEARANCE
PublikacjaThe article introduces a design and analysis results of a prototype ORC (organic Rankine cycle) turbo generator rotor assembly of 300kW power, supported by tilting-pad bearings of original design. The calculations were performed for a prototype turbo generator rotor. The shaft of this machine is supported with two radial bearings, lubricated with an unusual lubricant – a low-boiling-point agent. The main objective of the presented...
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Nano Tin/Tin Oxide Attached onto Graphene Oxide Skeleton as a Fluorine Free Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
PublikacjaHerein, we show a composite formation method of tin/tin oxide nanoparticles with graphene oxide and CMC based on laser ablation technique as an electrode material for energy storage devices. The material exhibited a three-dimensional conducting graphene oxide network decorated with tin or tin oxide nanoparticles. The structure, homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles, and direct contact between inorganic and organic parts were...
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Modification of Ground Tire Rubber—Promising Approach for Development of Green Composites
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified using a road bitumen 100/150 and two types of organic peroxides: di-(2-tert-butyl-peroxyisopropyl)-benzene (BIB) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The impact of used additives on reactive sintering efficiency and physico-mechanical properties of modified GTR was investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements, followed by tensile tests and swelling behavior studies....
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Airstrip Ground Improvement Works by Blasting Charge Technique and Dredged-Ash Material Mixture
PublikacjaSoil improvement by blasting charge technique is known in geotechnics as one of the efficient and inexpensive method. It can be used in preparing of underground to found road construction and buildings as well. The technique proves usefulness especially when dynamic load is applied. It is because of non-stiff or rather resilient type soil after improvement. In noncohesive or organic soil, blasting charge...
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Diethyl carbonate as a green extraction solvent for chlorophenol determination with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
PublikacjaThe principles of green analytical chemistry indicate that the search for greener organic solvents for extraction applications is crucial. In this study diethyl carbonate (DEC) is proved to be a green solvent, as it is relatively nontoxic, obtainable from renewable resources and biodegradable. Here it is applied as an extraction solvent for chlorophenol determination in water samples with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction....
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Aminy w środowisku - niebezpieczeństwo czy jego naturalny element?
PublikacjaA lot of amines and their compounds are used in the industry. First of all they are used for the preparation of medicines, plant protection agents, fertilizers and plastics. Amines are also released into the environment as a result of natural biological processes such as the release of certain species of flowers to lure insects, and also biochemical breakdown of amino acids in the protein during decomposition of organic matter. Unfortunately,...
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Tome-lapse X-ray tomography imaging of flow patterns in versatile silo model
PublikacjaThe paper introduces a new versatile silo model that was especially designed for in situ X-ray tomography studies of silo discharge for various flow conditions, namely concentric and eccentric. The presented work focuses on organic granular materials where low fraction of short-grain white rice is mixed with spheroidal sorghum particles. The high-quality tomography images combined with adequate image processing strategy allows...
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Status and trends of mercury pollution of the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems in Poland
PublikacjaThe goal of this paper is to assess the current status and trends of total mercury (THg) contamination of the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems in Poland. The study shows that the reduced domestic and worldwide atmospheric emission of Hg resulted in decreased THg level in the terrestrial biotope and biosphere. Considering that Poland is one of the main Hg emitters in Europe, the THg concentrations in its abiotic environment...
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Greening procedures and analytical parameters. The polychlorinated naphthalenes analysis in complex matrices as proof of concept
PublikacjaDue to the complexity of analytical procedures employed for the determination of wide spectrum of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), it is important to consider the green character of the applied protocols and propose the greenest solutions. In this review, the green aspects of several analytical procedures used for the determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) (as a representatives of POPs) in different types of...
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1,3-alternate calix[4]arene-bonded silica stationary phases. Effect of calixarene skeleton substituents on the retention mechanism and column selectivity
PublikacjaFour novel 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene-bonded silica gel stationary phases possessing different aromatic and aliphatic substituents at the upper rim (CalixNph, CalixBph, CalixHex and CalixDdc) were prepared and structurally characterized. The comparison and selectivity of these phases was done by using alkylbenzenes, fatty acid p-bromophenacyl esters, aromatic positional isomers and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons as analytes....
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Nitrogen conversion during treatment of various type of wastewater in multistage treatment wetlands
PublikacjaThe objective of this investigation was to recognize nitrogen speciation during wastewater treatment in three multistage TWs (MTWs), which are assuming more a most effective in nitrogen removal than single stage TWs. Carried out investigations and analysis enable for determination of conditions, relationships and processes responsible for nitrogen conversions in subsequent stages of MTWs. In treated wastewater and reject water...
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Green Chemistry Metrics with Special Reference to Green Analytical Chemistry
PublikacjaThe concept of green chemistry is widely recognized in chemical laboratories. To properly measure an environmental impact of chemical processes, dedicated assessment tools are required. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field of development of green chemistry and green analytical chemistry metrics. The diverse methods used for evaluation of the greenness of organic synthesis, such as eco-footprint, E-Factor,...
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Evidence for solid state electrochemical degradation within a small molecule OLED
PublikacjaAcridone derivative have been synthesised and used as OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) emitters which were found to be electroactive. Electrochemical investigations showed a side reaction takes place inside an active layer which diminished the overall device efficiency. By using a dopant and host active layer architecture, the formation of the by product was removed. The by-product was identified as a σ-dimer formed inside an...
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Cold-adapted bacterial lipolytic enzymes and their applications
PublikacjaLipolytic enzymes, esterases and lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of fatty acid esters. This class of enzymes is the most important group of biocatalysts for biotechnological applications. From this perspective, coldactive lipolytic enzymes from cold adapted bacteria display attractive properties for some industrial purposes, including high catalytic activity at low temperatures and low thermostability. To...
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Influence of Wastewater Treatment Technology on Particle Size Distribution in the Effluent
PublikacjaSuspended solids in water and wastewater usually carry quite a large load of pollutants (organic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, etc.) adsorbed on the particles surface. Particles of different sizes carry different types and quantities of pollutants. Therefore, particle size distribution is of importance in waster and wastewater treatment. In the article the influence of different treatment technologies on particle size distribution...
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Roofing Materials as Pollution Emiters - Concentration Changes During Runoff
PublikacjaThe influence of roofing material on concentration of pollutants in roof runoff waters and changes of pollution concentration in time were investigated. In field studies four roofing material types were taken into consideration - ceramic tile, bituminous membrane, asbestos tile and zinc sheeting. Samples were collected since November 2007 to March 2008, anions, cations, metals, PAHs, pesticides and PCB were determined. The existence...
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Quality of bottled waters
PublikacjaBottled water is a product that is purchased by annually increasing numbers of people of all age groups. The quality control of mineral waters tends to concentrate on the determination of anion and cation levels, since it is these that govern the taste, smell and possible medicinal properties of the water. The constantly rising sales of mineral waters bring with them the ever increasing exploitation of their sources. The consequences...
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Physical and Thermophysical Properties of 1-Hexyl-1,4-diaza[2.2.2]bicyclooctanium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquid
PublikacjaOwing to their unique properties, ionic liquids (ILs) have become a real alternative to organic compounds. Nowadays, ILs are commonly used in a number of areas such as chemical synthesis and separation techniques. However, ionic liquids continue to have a limited applicability in industry because the information on their physical and chemical properties is not readily available. This paper presents, for the first time, the results...
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Annual changes of basic parameters of bottom sediments from the Klodnica River Catchment
PublikacjaThe Klodnica River Catchment is heavily contaminated ecosystem located in area of the Upper Silesia Industrial Region. In this area various forms of human activity can be observed (e.g. mining coal underground, metallurgy, power/heat plants, wastewater discharged directly into the river). The impact of industrial and municipal wastes on this aquatic system causes to changes in the hydrographic network of river and the waters quality. In...
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Interaction of Novel Ionic Liquids with Soils
PublikacjaWith the constant development of new ionic liquids, the understanding of the chemical fate of these compounds also needs to be updated. To this effect, in this contribution, the interaction of a number of novel ionic liquids with soils was determined. Therefore, three novel headgroups (ammonium, phosphonium or pyrrolidinium) with single or quaternary substitution were tested on a variety of soils with high to low organic matter...
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Modern trends in solid phase extraction: New sorbent media
PublikacjaBased on the recently published literature, this review provides an update of the most important features and application of formats and devices employed in solid phase extraction (SPE). Special attention was paid on new trapping media proposed in SPE prior the chromatography analysis, based on the use of nanostructured materials, including carbon nanomaterials, electrospun nanofibers, dendrimes and magnetic nanoparticles, molecular...
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Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant
PublikacjaNitrogen doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by anodizing Ti foils in an organic electrolyte containing specified amounts of urea as nitrogen precursor. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by analyzing the degradation kinetics of phenol in water. The influence of tubes’ length, tubes’ surface morphology and amount of nitrogen in the TiO2 lattice on hydroxyl radical formation efficiency, photocatalytic...
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Investigations of Aerodynamics of Tesla Bladeless Microturbines
PublikacjaThe paper presents an analysis of a Tesla bladeless turbine for a co-generating micro-power plant of heat capacity 20 kW, whichoperates in an organic Rankine cycle with a low-boiling medium. Numerical calculations of flow in several Tesla turbine models areperformed for a range of design parameters. Results of investigations exhibit interesting features in the distribution of flowparameters within the turbine interdisk space. The...
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Green aspects of techniques for the determination of pesticides in fruits and vegetables
PublikacjaApplied all over the world, pesticides are some of the most dangerous pollutants of the environment because of their stability, mobility, their ability to accumulate in the environment and their consequent long-term adverse effects on living organisms in general and human health in particular. Their presence in the environment is a particular danger. It is therefore crucial to monitor pesticide residues using all available analytical...
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The properties, functions and use of selenium compounds in living organisms
PublikacjaSelenium occurs in the environment in inorganic and organic compounds. For many years it was regarded as a toxic element, causing numerous illnesses and diseases. But research in the last 50 years has revealed a "bright side" to this element, especially as a component of selenoproteins, selenium makes a significant contribution to the health of humans and animals. The selenium content in an organism depends on its concentration...
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Application of multicriteria decision analysis to assess the greenness of molecularly imprinted polymers synthesis components
PublikacjaThe study applies multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank the components of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesis according to their greenness. The components are taken from papers that are describing synthesis of MIPs for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) sorbents. Functional monomers (n = 14), target/surrogate molecules (n = 10), porogens (n = 8), cross-linking agents (n = 8) and initiators (n = 4) are described...