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Polyurethanes for Coating, Adhesives, and Other Applications
PublikacjaAn interesting group of polyurethane (PU) materials are coatings, adhesives, sealants, and thickeners. A wide base of raw materials and various methods of PU synthesis allows production of materials with a wide range of properties that can be commonly used in many industries. This chapter describes the main types of PU coatings and adhesives and special application PUs and the methods of their production. The materials described...
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Green sample preparation techniques for chromatographic determination of small organic compounds
PublikacjaAccurate monitoring of the state of the environment requires the introduction of additional isolation and/or preconcentration step prior to the chromatographic determination. In this work the information about novel methodological and instrumental solutions in relation to different variants of microextraction techniques are presented. Attention is focused on analytical procedure and suitable analytical tools for extraction of the...
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The hydration of the protein stabilizing agents: trimethylamine-N-oxide, glycine and its N-methylderivatives - the volumetric and compressibility studies
PublikacjaThe densities at T = (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K and sound velocities at T = 298.15 K have been measured for aqueous solutions of trimethylamine-N-oxide, glycine, N-methylglycine (sarcosine), N,N-dimethylglycine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine (betaine). From these data the apparent molar volumes, VΦ, the apparent molar isentropic compressions, KS,Φ, and the solvation numbers of solutes have been determined. The concentration...
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Chemometrics approaches to green analytical chemistry procedure development
PublikacjaChemometric tools are widely used in analytical chemistry for the reduction of data dimensionality, grouping of variables and processing of analytical signals. They have also the potential to be applied in analytical procedure development with the aim of minimizing the procedure’s environmental impact. The design of experiment gives the possibility to obtain much better information on the system response than in case of “changing...
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Determination of pharmaceuticals in fish: method optimization and occurrence in different species from Mediterranean rivers
PublikacjaThe multi-residue analytical method developed, based on accelerated solvent extraction, gel permeation chromatography purification and UPLC-MS/MS analysis allowed the simultaneous determination of 21 pharmaceuticals. Recoveries obtained for most of the target compounds were higher than 50%. The application of UPLC-MS/MS operating in the MRM mode, with two transitions monitored for each compound, provided good sensitivity and selectivity....
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Programmed metalloporphyrins for self-assembly within light-harvesting stacks: 5,15-dicyano-10,20-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-porphyrinato zinc(II) and its push-pull 15-N,N-dialkylamino-5-cyano congeners obtained by a facile direct amination.
PublikacjaThe title dicyano compound was synthesized via cyanation and it self-assembles in nonpolar solvents giving red-shifted and broad absorption maxima just as the bacteriochlorophylls which are encountered in the light-harvesting organelles of early photosynthetic bacteria. In the crystal, stacks are formed through a hierarchic combination of π-stacking and a CNZn electrostatic interaction. Push−pull 15-N,N-dialkylamino-5-cyano congeners...
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Effect of temperature and ionic strength on volumetric and acoustic properties of solutions of urea alkil derivatives in aqueous NaCl
PublikacjaThe present work was undertaken to study volumetric and acoustic properties for diluted solutions of tetramethylurea in pure water and for urea, n-propylurea, n-butylurea and tetramethylurea in 0.5 or 1 moldm3 aqueous solutions of sodium chloride. This paper presents measured values of densities and sound velocities at T = (288.15, 298.15 and 308.15) K. From these data the apparent molar volumes, , adiabatic compressibilities,...
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Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Microporous Polyurethanes Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide
PublikacjaMicroporous polyurethanes (MPU) were modified by adding 0.25%–1.25 wt% of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The materials were prepared without solvent via in situ polymerization. From a technological point of view, it is very important to obtain functional materials by using reacting compounds only. The thermal characteristics of obtained MPU were investigated using TGA, DSC, and DMA techniques. In comparison to nonmodified microporous...
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Determination of phenylbutazone, sulfamethazine, carbendazim and linuron using a novel pine bark biosorbent for solid-phase extraction (SPE) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
PublikacjaThe paper presents a novel pine bark based biosorbent for solid-phase extraction (SPE). The morphology and composition of the pine bark were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biosorbent was used for the preparation of wastewater for the determination of phenylbutazone, sulfamethazine, carbendazim, and linuron by high performance liquid chromatography with...
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Trends in the new generation of green solvents in extraction processes
PublikacjaAnalytical chemistry, like other scientific fields, has undergone a number of changes to make it more consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Among the various steps of chemical analysis, without a doubt, sample preparation is the bottleneck in regard to following a green protocol, especially in terms of solvent consumption. Therefore, many attempts have been made to improve the environmental friendliness of this...
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Deep eutectic solvents based assay for extraction and determination of zinc in fish and eel samples using FAAS
PublikacjaA new assay based on effective (high recovery) extraction by means of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was developed for ppb level determination of zinc in fishes and eel samples. Choline chloride and Phenol in a 1:2 M ratio was selected as optimal DES-based extraction solvent. 8-Hydroxy quinoline was used as a chelating agent for zinc ions. The optimized conditions were found at pH value of 8, ligand concentration of 10 mg/L, THF...
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Latest Insights on Novel Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) for Sustainable Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Natural Sources
PublikacjaPhenolic compounds have long been of great importance in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. Unfortunately, conventional extraction procedures have a high cost and are time consuming, and the solvents used can represent a safety risk for operators, consumers, and the environment. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are green alternatives for extraction processes, given their low or non-toxicity, biodegradability, and reusability....
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The Influence of PEG on Morphology of Polyurethane Tissue Scaffold
PublikacjaIn this study, polyurethanes (PU) were synthesized from oligomeric dihydroxy(etylene-butylene adipate), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as chain extender and stannous octoate as catalyst. PEG due to its hydrophilic character influences physical and chemical properties of PU. For testing were used PU having the following weigh contents of PEG: 0%, 7%, and 14%. Porous scaffolds...
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Tailoring the Size and Shape—New Path for Ammonium Metavanadate Synthesis
PublikacjaAmmonium metavanadate, NH4VO3, plays an important role in the preparation of vanadium oxides and other ammonium compounds, such as NH4V3O8, (NH4)2V3O8, and NH4V4O10, which were found to possess interesting electrochemical properties. In this work, a new route for the synthesis of NH4VO3 is proposed by mixing an organic ammonium salt and V2O5 in a suitable solvent. The one-step procedure is carried out at room temperature. Additionally,...
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Use of Ginger Nanofibers for the Preparation of Cellulose Nanocomposites and Their Antimicrobial Activities
PublikacjaHere, we report, for the first time, the isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) from ginger rhizomes spent by acid hydrolysis and followed by high-pressure homogenization. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to identify the surface morphology of the GNF and the widths ranged between 130 to 200 nm. Structural analysis of GNF was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray...
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The interaction parameters for solutions of n-butylurea in aqueous solutions of N-methylacetamide – The volumetric and compressibility studies between 288.15 K and 308.15 K
PublikacjaDensities and speed of sound were measured for solutions of n-butylurea in aqueous solution of Nmethylacetamide 2, 4, 6 and 8 (mol/kg) at T = (288.15, 298.15 and 308.15) K. From these data the apparent molar volumes, Vf, the apparent molar isentropic compressions, KSf, of the solute were determined. The concentration dependencies of the calculated quantities have been used to obtain the standard partial molar parameters. The latter...
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Efficient Extraction of Fermentation Inhibitors by Means of Green Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents
PublikacjaThe methods for hydrogen yield efficiency improvements, the gaseous stream purification in gaseous biofuels generation, and the biomass pretreatment are considered as the main trends in research devoted to gaseous biofuel production. The environmental aspect related to the liquid stream purification arises. Moreover, the management of post-fermentation broth with the application of various biorefining techniques gains importance....
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TMSCL as a rate accelerating additive in acylations of amines with 5-(α- amino-α'-hydroxy)methylene meldrum's acids
PublikacjaAspects are presented of the acylation of amines, alcohols and thiols with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's acids. We placed special emphasis on the acylation reaction of secondary amines with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's acids, which, due to their basicity, caused problems concerning salt formation with a Meldrum acid derivative. We found that secondary amines, which react at the slowest rate and with a...
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Corrosion of AISI1018 and AISI304 steel exposed to sulfates
PublikacjaThis research analyses the behavior of corrosion, durability, and quality of reinforced concrete samples coated with two different materials when exposed to contaminated soil with sulfates. The initial assessment involved evaluating the water absorption rate of the coating materials before and after exposure to a solution containing 3%푁푎2푆푂4+3%푀푔푆푂4+3%퐾2푆푂4+3%퐶푎푆푂4to determine their durability. the corrosion...
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Monitoring of absorptive model biogas purification process using sensor matrices and gas chromatography
PublikacjaThis study examined the process of purifying model biogas using a new type of absorbent based on a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and a commercially available absorbent (Genosorb) to remove acetone, toluene, and cyclohexane. The main aim of the research was to control the purification efficiency using gas chromatography (GC) and an alternative method based on sensor matrices (SM). As a result of comparing the multidimensional SM signals...
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Few-Layer Black Phosphorus/Chitosan Nanocomposite Electrodes via Controlled Electrodeposition for Enhanced Electrochemical Kinetic Performance
PublikacjaThis study presents the preparation and characterization of few-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) chitosan electrodes by controlled electrochemical deposition of chitosan nanoparticles on FLBP-modified glassy carbon electrodes. FLBP was prepared by solvent-assisted exfoliation of bulk BP and was further modified with chitosan forming together a nanocomposite, including easy cross-linking with nanomaterials and film-forming properties....
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Microextraction by packed sorbent: Uncommon detection techniques, sorbents, samples and analytes
PublikacjaAmong sample preparation approaches, the most desirable are procedures that ensure high efficiency and reproducibility, that are cheap, fast and simple, that minimize the number of operational steps and that require a small amount of sample and solvent and are thus environmentally friendly. Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) is a miniaturized form of solid-phase extraction, the use of which has been continuously expanding...
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Metrics for green analytical chemistry
PublikacjaGreen analytical chemistry, although not being a new concept, does not have a greenness metrics system. Green chemistry metrics are not suitable for analytical procedure assessment because they often refer to the mass of the product. Some efforts have been made to develop suitable metrics for analytical chemistry. Some are simple to use but do not cover all aspects of analytical methods’ environmental impact. Others are more comprehensive...
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Determination of volatile organic compounds using solventless sample preparation techniques and gas chromatography
PublikacjaIn this paper the latest advances in the determination of volatile organic compounds using solvent-free extraction techniques in the sample preparation step are presented. A paper is focus mainly on one of the most popular sample preparation technique: solid-phase microextraction technique (SPME) combined with different detection systems and its applications to sampling of VOCs from the samples with different matrices. This paper...
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Chromogenic amides of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid as anion receptors
PublikacjaThe synthesis of simple, chromogenic pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid amides, derivates of isomeric nitroanilines and aminonitrophenols, and their ion binding properties are described. The ligands' response to ionic species was examined by naked eye and was studied with the use of UV-Vis spectroscopy in DMSO and its mixture with water. The effect of the localisation and the type of the substituents in aromatic rings were discussed....
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Tmscl as a rate accelerating additive in acylations of amines with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene meldrum's acids
PublikacjaAspects are presented of the acylation of amines, alcohols and thiols with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's acids. We placed special emphasis on the acylation reaction of secondary amines with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's acids, which, due to their basicity, caused problems concerning salt formation with a Meldrum acid derivative. We found that secondary amines, which react at the slowest rate and with a...
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New procedure for the examination of the degradation of volatile organonitrogen compounds during the treatment of industrial effluents
PublikacjaWe present a new procedure for the determination of 32 volatile organonitrogen compounds in samples of industrial effluents with a complex matrix. The procedure, based on dispersive liquid–liquid microex-traction followed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus and mass spectrometric detection, wasoptimized and validated. Optimization of the extraction included the type of extraction and disperser sol-vent, disperser solvent...
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<i>N,N,N</i>-Trimethyl-N-(methyl 5-deoxy-2,3-<i>O</i>-isopropylidene-β-D-ribofuranosid-5- yl)ammonium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate sesquihydrate.
PublikacjaThe structure of the title compound, [C12H24NO4][C7H7O3S]·1.5H2O, contains alternating layers parallel to (001) of hydrophobic and polar character, stabilized by C-H...O hydrogen bonding. The furan ring adopts an envelope conformation with the C(OMe) atom as the flap, and the dioxolane ring is twisted about one of the O-C(methine) bonds. A comparison to related compounds is presented. The tosylate-O atoms were disordered over two...
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Application of additional factors supporting the microextraction process
PublikacjaDue to the fact that green analytical chemistry is of high importance, the past two decades have witnessed a rapid growth in the sample preparation area with special emphasis on simplification, miniaturization and automation of extraction procedures. In addition, to accelerate the extraction processes and to improve the separation of analytes, several enhanced parameters are applied. These factors include, ultrasounds, microwaves,...
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Determination of thiocyanate as a biomarker of tobacco smoke constituents in selected biological materials of human origin
Publikacjan order to protect human health, it is necessary to biomonitor toxic substances originating from tobacco smoke in biological materials sampled from persons with different exposures to tobacco smoke constituents. Thiocyanate anion is a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke components which is characterized by a relatively long half‐life in the human body, i.e. 6 days. In this work, we present the results of thiocyanate determinations...
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Novel amides of mycophenolic acid and some heterocyclic derivatives as immunosuppressive agents
PublikacjaThe group of new amide derivatives of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and selected heterocyclic amines was synthesised as potential immunosuppressive agents functioning as inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) uncompetitive inhibitors. The synthesis employed uronium-type activating system (TBTU/HOBt/DIPEA) while or phosphonic acid anhydride method (T3P/Py) facilitating amides to be obtained in moderate to excellent yields without...
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Grafting and reactive extrusion technologies for compatibilization of ground tyre rubber composites: Compounding, properties, and applications
PublikacjaChemical modification of ground tyre rubber (GTR) to compatibilize it with the matrix is a well-known approach. Based on our recent review of the surface etching methods used in GTR modification, the purpose of the current work is to take a deeper look into more advanced methods such as grafting and reactive extrusion. While grafting is more efficient in achieving compatibility, however, it usually involves multi-step synthesis...
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Synthesis of Phosphonated Carbon Nanotubes: New Insight into Carbon Nanotubes Functionalization
PublikacjaCarbon nanotubes were successfully functionalized for the first time in a free radical phosphonylation reaction. Three synthetic protocols were proposed. Carbon nanotubes and diethylphosphite reacted in the presence of known radical initiator, such as azobisisobutyronitrile, single electron oxidant—Mn(OAc)3, or under UV radiation. The functionalized material was fully characterized by means of spectroscopic methods, together with...
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Redox property switching in MOFs with open metal sites for improved catalytic hydrogenation performance
PublikacjaIn this study, a decompression-thermalization strategy was utilized for a Cu-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) to tune its redox and catalytic hydrogenation properties. Remarkably, at just 120 °C, open metal sites (OMSs) were successfully constructed by removing coordinated solvent molecules to generate the daughter MOF-120. The tailored redox property of MOF-120 is correlated with the presence of OMSs. Compared with the...
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Monetary values estimates of solvents emissions
PublikacjaThe impact values for environmental emissions of 52 solvents are estimated and expressed in monetary units. The impact values of solvents present in the air are calculated on the basis of 13 impact indicators and for solvents present in water on additional 2 impact indicators. These impact values are weighted with the results obtained with multi-compartment distribution model, allowing to calculate the fraction of solvent emitted...
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The hydration properties of protein stabilizer, trimethylamine-N-oxide in aqueous solutions of N-methylacetamide – The volumetric and compressibility studies between 288.15 and 308.15 K
PublikacjaApparent molar volumes and apparent molar isentropic compressions of the protein stabilizer, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) were determined from the densities and speed of sound measured at T = (288.15, 298.15 and 308.15) K in aqueous solutions of N-methylacetamide (NMA) at four different concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 mol/kg). The concentration dependencies of the calculated quantities extrapolated to the infinite dilution lead...
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Ionic liquids for nano- and microstructures preparation. Part 2: Application in synthesis
PublikacjaIonic liquids (ILs) are widely applied to prepare metal nanoparticles and 3D semiconductor microparticles. Generally, they serve as a structuring agent or reaction medium (solvent), however it was also demonstrated that ILs can also play a role of a co-solvent, metal precursor, reducing as well as surface modifying agent. The crucial role and possible types of interactions between ILs and growing particles have been presented in...
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DETERMINATION OF SURFACTANTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES. PART II. ANIONIC COMPOUNDS
PublikacjaSurfactants (SAA) with negative charge of polar group are named as anionic compounds. They are main constituent of most products containing synthetic surfactants. The linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkyl ethoxysulfates (AES) and alkyl sulfates (AS) are typically applied from this class of compounds. Those surfactants are ingredients of household detergents and cleaners, laundry detergents, cosmetic. Moreover they can be...
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Synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of novel dithiocarbamate polymers
PublikacjaNovel dithiocarbamate compounds have been obtained by reacting a linear poly(ethylenimine)polymer, MW 50,000, with CS2. The resulting anionic polymers contain, depending on the reaction conditions, up to two sulfur atoms per one nitrogen atom (approx. 40% w/w). The polymers are soluble in dimethylsulfoxide and insoluble in acetonitrile solutions. In both solvents they are electrochemically active, in the latter case as a cast film...
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Modified nanodiamond particle size studies by means of dynamic light scattering technique
PublikacjaThe Methods Utilizing the Phenomena of Light Scattering to Measure Particle Size distribution in different solvent, such as deionise water and alcohol and also to study the various structural formation when nanodiamond solution is placed on silicon surface. The purpose of this research project is divided into two parts to configure the measurement units for examining modified nanodiamond particles, examination...
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Modified nanodiamond particle size studies by means of dynamic light scattering technique
PublikacjaThe Methods Utilizing the Phenomena of Light Scattering to Measure Particle Size distribution in different solvent, such as deionise water and alcohol and also to study the various structural formation when nanodiamond solution is placed on silicon surface. The purpose of this research project is divided into two parts to configure the measurement units for examining modified nanodiamond particles, examination...
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Smartphone-based digital image colorimetry for the determination of total capsaicinoid content in chili pepper extracts
PublikacjaA simple smartphone-based digital image colorimetry was proposed for the determination of total capsaicinoid content and the assessment of chili pepper pungency. The biobased solvent D-limonene was used for the first time to isolate analytes. Capsaicinoids were efficiently separated from chili pepper by solid-liquid extraction with D-limonene followed by partitioning of the analytes into the ammonium hydroxide solution to eliminate...
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Bisphenols and their derivatives in baby diaper samples.
PublikacjaMany common products contain and leach hazardous chemicals, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenols that are harmful to human health. For toddlers, this dangerousness is higher because of their not fully developed detoxification system. Due to this, bisphenols content in products such as baby diapers, should be monitored. Baby diapers not only remain in close contact with the skin, but are also used from the...
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Methods of liquid biofuels production - the bioethanol example.
PublikacjaEthanol is used in chemical and food industry, mainly either in the synthesis or as a solvent. The newest application of ethanol is as a fuel. This alcohol, produced on an industrial scale from crop waste, is widely known under the name bioethanol. It could be used as a fuel by itself or in a mixture with gasoline. Today, there are several technologies for bioethanol production known. The relatively simple method of obtaining bioethanol...
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METHODS OF LIQUID BIOFUEL PRODUCTION – THE BIOETHANOL EXAMPLE
PublikacjaEthanol is used in chemical and food industry, mainly either in the synthesis or as a solvent. The newest application of ethanol is as a fuel. This alcohol, produced on an industrial scale from crop waste, is widely known under the name bioethanol. It could be used as a fuel by itself or in a mixture with gasoline. Today, there are several technologies for bioethanol production known. The relatively simple method of obtaining bioethanol...
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Synthesis of amides under microwave irradiation
PublikacjaAmides belong to the most important carboxylic acid derivatives. They are constituents of natural compounds like peptides and proteins. They found applications in many branches of science and industry, especially in pharmaceutical and polymer science. Conventional procedures for amide preparation involve reaction between amine and carboxylic acid or their more active derivatives such as acid chlorides, acid anhydrides or esters....
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Application and optimization of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography - flame-ionization detector (GC-FID) to determine products of the petroleum industry in aqueous samples
PublikacjaA simple and solvent-free analytical method has been optimized for the determination of hydrocarbons (C6 - C20) from products of the petroleum industry in aqueous samples. Extraction and analysis was carried out using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). A ZB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm inner diameter, 0.25 µm film thickness) was used for...
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Syntheses, Structures and Reactivity of Terminal Phosphido Complexes of Iron(II) Supported by a β-Diketiminato Ligand
PublikacjaWe report the synthesis of the first series of terminal phosphido iron complexes supported by a β‐diketiminato ligand (Dippnacnac) and their catalytic activity in dehydrocoupling of secondary phosphines. Anionic and neutral mono‐ or diphosphido complexes were obtained from the reaction of [(Dippnacnac)FeCl2Li(dme)2] with the R2PLi (R = iPr, tBu, Cy, Ph) phosphides by tuning the stoichiometric ratio, polarity of the solvent, and...
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EXAMINATION OF SOL-GEL DERIVED HYDROXYAPATITE ENHANCED WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING OCT AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
PublikacjaHydroxyapatite (HAp) has been attracting widespread interest in medical applications. In a form of coating, it enables to create a durable bond between an implant and surrounding bone tissues. With addition of silver nanoparticles HAp should also provide antibacterial activity. The aim of this research was to evaluate the composition of hydroxyapatite with silver nanoparticles in a non-destructive and non-contact way. For control measurements...
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Chitin and derivative chitosan-based structures — Preparation strategies aided by deep eutectic solvents: A review
PublikacjaThe high molecular weight of chitin, as a biopolymer, challenges its extraction due to its insolubility in the solvents. Also, chitosan, as the N-deacetylated form of chitin, can be employed as a primary material for different industries. The low mechanical stability and poor plasticity of chitosan films, as a result of incompatible interaction between chitosan and the used solvent, have limited its industrialization. Deep eutectic...