Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: THERMAL SELF-FOCUSING OF ACOUSTIC BEAM
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Thermal self-action effects of acoustic beam in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublikacjaThermal self-action of acoustic beam in a molecular gas with excited internal degrees of molecules’ freedom, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid. Heating or cooling of a medium takes place due to transfer of internal vibrational energy. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium gases, which may be acoustically active, are considered. A beam in an acoustically active gas is self-focusing unlike...
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Thermal Self-Action Effects of Acoustic Beam in a Gas with Reversible or Irreversible Chemical Reaction
PublikacjaThermal self-action of acoustic beam in a gas where an exothermic chemical reaction takes place, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a newtonian fluid. In dependence on the type of a chemical reaction, reversible or not, heating or cooling of a medium occurs. A beam in the case of the irreversible reaction may be unusually self-focusing. The self-action effects relating to wave beams containing shock...
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Thermal Self-Action of Acoustic Beams Containing Several Shock Fronts
PublikacjaThermal self-action of an acoustic beam with one discontinuity or several shock fronts is studied in a Newtonian fluid. The stationary self-action of a single sawtooth wave with discontinuity (or some integer number of these waves), symmetric or asymmetric, is considered in the cases of self-focusing and self- defocusing media. The results are compared with the non-stationary thermal self-action of the periodic sound. Thermal self-action...
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NON-STATIONARY THERMAL SELF-ACTION OF ACOUSTIC BEAMS CONTAINING SHOCK FRONTS IN THERMOCONDUCTING FLUID
PublikacjaNon-stationary thermal self-action of a periodic or impulse acoustic beam containing shock fronts in a thermoconducting Newtonian fluid is studied. Self-focusing of a saw-tooth periodic and impulse sound is considered, as well as that of a solitary shock wave which propagates with the linear sound speed. The governing equations of the beam radius are derived. Numerical simulations reveal that the thermal conductivity weakens the...
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About Unusual Diffraction and Thermal Self-Action of Magnetosonic Beam
PublikacjaThe dynamics of slightly diverging two-dimensional beams whose direction forms a constant angle θ with the equilibrium straight magnetic strength is considered. The approximate dispersion relations and corresponding links which specify hydrodynamic perturbations in confined beams are derived. The study is dedicated to the diffraction of a magnetosonic beam and nonlinear thermal self-action of a beam in a thermoconducting gaseous plasma....
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Unusual dynamics and nonlinear thermal self-focusing of initially focused magnetoacoustic beams in a plasma
PublikacjaUnusual thermal self-focusing of two-dimensional beams in plasma which axis is parallel to the equilibrium straight magnetic field is considered. The equi- librium parameters of plasma determine scenario of a beam divergence (usual or unusual) which is stronger as compared with a flow without magnetic field. Nonlinear thermal self-action of a magnetosonic beam behaves differently in the ordinary and unusual cases. Damping of wave...
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Unusual divergence of magnetoacoustic beams
PublikacjaTwo-dimensional magnetosonic beams directed along a line forming a constant angle h with the equilibrium straight magnetic field are considered. Perturbations in a plasma are described by the system of ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations. The dynamics of perturbations in a beam are different in the cases of fast and slow modes, and it is determined by h and equilibrium parameters of a plasma. In particular, a beam divergence may...
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Investigation of the laser generated ablation plasma plume dynamics and plasma plume sound wave dynamics
PublikacjaWe investigated the dynamics of laser generated ablation plasma plume expanding in ambient air and dynamics of the sound wave generated by the expanding plasma. The ablation plasma plume was generated during nanosecond laser micromachining of the thin metal foil. The time-resolved images of the expanding plasma plume and sound wave were captured at several nanosecond intervals. Using captured images the expansion rate of the plasma...
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Thermal self-action effects for acoustic beams containing fronts in a Maxwell relaxing fluid
PublikacjaThis paper examines the thermal self-action of acoustic beams in a Maxwell relaxing fluid. This type of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid and behaves differently depending on a ratio of sound period and time of thermodynamic relaxation. The self-action which relates to sound beams containing shock fronts is also discussed. In addition, stationary and non-stationary types of self-action are considered.
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Electrical Simulations of the SIS100 Superconducting Dipole and Quadrupole Circuits: Transients, Earthing and Failure Modes
PublikacjaThe 100 Tm superconducting synchrotron SIS100 is the main accelerator of the international Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) currently under advanced construction in Darmstadt, Germany. The SIS100 dipole circuit which creates the magnetic field required to bend the beam, consists of 108 dipoles distributed over six arc sections of the ring. The magnetic field for the beam focusing is generated by three individual...
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Vibrationally Relaxing Gases. Acoustic Cooling
PublikacjaThe dynamic equation which governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode in vibrationally relaxing gas is derived. The nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy to the energy of the thermal mode in a relaxing gas causes slow variation of temperature with time. The nal dynamic equation is instantaneous. All types of sound, including aperiodic, may be considered as an acoustic source of corresponding heating or cooling....
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Gas with Nonequilibrium Chemical Reactions: Possibilities of Acoustic Cooling
PublikacjaNonlinear generation of thermal mode during propagation of dominative sound in a chemically reacting gas is considered. The dynamic equation of excess temperature associated with the thermal mode is derived. It is instantaneous and includes quadratic nonlinear acoustic source reflecting the nonlinear character of interaction between acoustic and non-acoustic types of gas motion. Both periodic and aperiodic sound may be considered...
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Self-refraction of acoustic pulses with shock fronts in some nonequilibrium media
PublikacjaThe nonlinear self-refraction of acoustic pulsed beams, which include shock fronts, is studied. The medium of sound propagation is a gas where thermodynamically nonequilibrium processes take place, such as exothermic chemical reaction or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. Comparative analysis of the features of sound propagation over gases where pure nonlinear attenuation of the shock wave occurs, and gases...
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Pressure distribution and beam pattern of the parametric acoustic arrays.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono model matematyczny i wyniki badań teoretycznych zjawiska oddziaływań fal dla źródeł parametrycznych. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o równanie KZK. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Badano zmiany ciśnienia fal wybranych częstotliwości w obrębie wiązki akustycznej oraz charakterystyki kierunkowe dla kołowych źródeł parametrycznych generujących fale różnych częstotliwości.
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A novel approach to bottom scattering using a narrow acoustic beam.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono model opisujący w prosty sposób rozpraszanie sygnału akustycznego na dnie morskim jako filtr liniowy z odpowiedzią impulsową o zmieniającej się w czasie chwilowej dominującej częstotliwości. Przedyskutowano pasujący do tego modelu przypadek zbioru punktowych rozpraszaczy równomiernie rozmieszczonych na powierzchni dna, w tym wpływ takich parametrów jak głębokość oraz odległość pomiędzy rozpraszaczami.
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Thermal lenses caused by any acoustic source.
PublikacjaNieliniowe straty energii fali akustycznej doprowadzają do powstania obszarów ogrzanych, to znaczy obszarów o innej prędkości fali akustycznej niż pozostała przestrzeń. Soczewki termiczne wywoływane przez propagację fal akustycznych okresowych i nieokresowych są rozpatrywane. Przedstawiono ilustrację obliczeń numerycznych.
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Assessment of Thermal Stresses in Asphalt Mixtures at Low Temperatures Using the Tensile Creep Test and the Bending Beam Creep Test
PublikacjaThermal stresses are leading factors that influence low-temperature cracking behavior of asphalt pavements. During winter, when the temperature drops to significantly low values, tensile thermal stresses develop as a result of pavement contraction. Creep test methods can be suitable for the assessment of low-temperature properties of asphalt mixtures. To evaluate the influence of creep test methods on the obtained low-temperature...
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The motion influence on respiration rate estimation from low-resolution thermal sequences during attention focusing tasks
PublikacjaGlobal aging has led to a growing expectancy for creating home-based platforms for indoor monitoring of elderly people. A motivation is to provide a non-intrusive technique, which does not require special activities of a patient but allows for remote monitoring of elderly people while assisting them with their daily activities. The goal of our study was to evaluate motion performed by a person focused on a specific task and check...
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Effects of Surface Energy and Surface Residual Stresses on Vibro-Thermal Analysis of Chiral, Zigzag, and Armchair Types of SWCNTs Using Refined Beam Theory
PublikacjaIn this article, vibration characteristics of three different types of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) such as armchair, chiral, and zigzag carbon nanotubes have been investigated considering the effects of surface energy and surface residual stresses. The nanotubes are embedded in the elastic substrate of the Winkler type and are also exposed to low and high-temperature environments. A new refined beam theory namely, one-variable...
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Stability analysis of nanobeams in hygrothermal environment based on a nonlocal strain gradient Timoshenko beam model under nonlinear thermal field
PublikacjaThis article is dedicated to analyzing the buckling behavior of nanobeam subjected to hygrothermal environments based on the principle of the Timoshenko beam theory. The hygroscopic environment has been considered as a linear stress field model, while the thermal environment is assumed to be a nonlinear stress field based on the Murnaghan model. The size-dependent effect of the nanobeam is captured by the nonlocal strain gradient...
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Thermal efficiency investigations on the self-ignition test engine fed with marine low sulfur diesel fuels
PublikacjaWithin the article an issues of implementing the new kinds of marine diesel fuels into ships’ operation was described taking into ac-count restrictions on the permissible sulphur content introduced by the International Maritime Organization. This is a new situation for ship owners and fuel producers, which forces the necessity to carry out laboratory research tests on especially adapted engine stands. How to elaborate the method...
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Effect of E-Beam Irradiation on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Ester Elastomers Containing Multifunctional Alcohols
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POSSIBILITY OF IDENTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF BEARINGS FOR SELF-IGNITION ENGINES BY APPLICATION OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION AS A DIAGNOSTIC SIGNAL
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of empirical studies where the acoustic emission (AE) method was applied to identify the technical condition of sliding surfaces of main and crank bearings for main diesel engines. The test results indicate that the measurements of the AE parameters allow the technical condition identification for bearings of this type. The results refer to the measurements of the parameters for AE generated in the...
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Self-adaptive heat extraction controller for solar thermal tower operational with molten salt tanks
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Determination of the Self-Ignition Behavior of the Accumulation of Sludge Dust and Sludge Pellets from the Sewage Sludge Thermal Drying Station
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Stability analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in winkler foundation placed in a thermal environment considering the surface effect using a new refined beam theory
PublikacjaThis article is devoted to investigate the stability of different types of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) such as zigzag, chiral, and armchair types which are rested in Winkler elastic foundations exposing to both the low and high temperature environments. Also, the Surface effects which include surface energy and surface residual stresses, are taken into consideration in this study. It may be noted that the surface energy...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Gdansk Deep Summer 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Gdansk Deep, in the season: Summer. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected while the ship was sailing. To ensure data quality, echosounders were calibrated and passive...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay autumn 2018
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2018, in the Bay of Puck, in the seasons: autumn. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing. To ensure...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay spring 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: spring. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing. To ensure...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay spring 2019 Part II
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: spring. Data was collected during the sunrise and sunset. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing....
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay winter 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: winter. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, on the route Hel - Gdynia and on...
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Acoustic emission signals in concrete beams under 3-point bending (polyolefin and steel fibre concrete)
Dane BadawczeThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of concrete beams with dimensions 40 x 40 x 160 cm3 under the 3-point bending. All specimens were manufactured based on the same concrete mixture composed of cement CEM I 42.5R (380 kg/m3), water (165 kg/m3), aggregate 0/2 mm (648 kg/m3), aggregate 2/8 mm (426 kg/m3), aggregate 8/16 mm (754...
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Acoustic streaming caused by some types of aperiodic sound. Buildup of acoustic streaming
PublikacjaThe analysis of streaming caused by aperiodic sound of different types (switched on at transducer sound or sound determined by initial conditions) is undertaken. The analysis bases on analytical governing equation for streaming Eulerian velocity, which is a result of decomposition of the hydrodynamic equations into acoustic and non-acoustic parts. Its driving force (of acoustic nature) represents a sum of two terms; one is the...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay autumn 2018 Part II
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2018, in the Bay of Puck, in the seasons: autumn. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel and on the route Hel - Gdynia while...
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On Some Aspects of Fish Target Strength Estimation in Shallow Waters
PublikacjaThe theory of acoustic surveys for determining fish abundance are well established in fishery acoustics. The origins of the estimation are related to overcoming the problem of unknown position of target in the beam using statistical inversion. Although recently researchers use more sophisticated echosounders that provides more informative data allowing for direct solution it is known that the results are biased due to not ideally...
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Acoustic heating produced in the thermoviscous flow of a Bingham plastic
PublikacjaThis study is devoted to the instantaneous acoustic heating of a Bingham plastic. The model of the Bingham plastic's viscous stress tensor includes the yield stress along with the shear viscosity, which differentiates a Bingham plastic from a viscous Newtonian fluid. A special linear combination of the conservation equations in differential form makes it possible to reduce all acoustic terms in the linear part of of the final equation...
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Acoustic heating produced in the thermoviscous flow of a bingham plastic
PublikacjaThis study is devoted to the instantaneous acoustic heating of a Bingham plastic. The model of the Bingham plastic's viscous stress tensor includes the yield stress along with the shear viscosity, which differentiates a Bingham plastic from a viscous Newtonian fluid. A special linear combination of the conservation equations in differential form makes it possible to reduce all acoustic terms in the linear part of of the final equation...
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Acoustic emission signals in concrete beams under 3-point bending (plain concrete, steel fibre reinforced concrete, steel bar reinforced concrete)
Dane BadawczeThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of concrete beams with dimensions 40 x 40 x 160 cm3under the 3-point bending. Two concrete mixes, both based on the same design, were produced in the test programme. Mixture #1 was the plain concrete (PC), consisting of cement CEM I 42.5R (380 kg/m3), water (165 kg/m3), aggregate 0/2 mm (648...
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Acoustic field and the entropy mode induced by it in a waveguide filled with some non-equilibrium gases
PublikacjaThe non-linear propagation of an acoustic beam in a rectangular waveguide is considered. The medium of sound propagation, is a gas where thermodynamically non-equilibrium processes take place: such as exothermic chemical reactions or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. The incident and reflected compounds of the acoustic field do not interact in the leading order in the case of periodic weakly nonlinear sound...
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The Imaging of Gdansk Bay Seabed by Using Side Sonar
PublikacjaThis paper is mainly aimed at presentation of an impact of environmental conditions on imaging accuracy by using hydro-acoustic systems in waters of a high non-uniformity of spatial distribution of hydrological parameters. Impact of refraction on erroneous estimation of range, in case of wave radiation into water under a large angle, like in side sonars or multi-beam echo-sounders, is especially important. In this paper seasonal...
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Acoustic heating produced in the boundary layer
Publikacja: Instantaneous acoustic heating of a viscous fluid flow in a boundary layer is the subject of investigation. The governing equation of acoustic heating is derived by means of a special linear combination of conservation equations in the differential form, which reduces all acoustic terms in the linear part of the final equation but preserves terms belonging to the thermal mode. The procedure of decomposition is valid in a weakly...
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Some fundamental aspects of self-levitating sliding contact bearings and their practical implementations
PublikacjaIn this study, fundamental aspects and mechanisms of acoustic levitation together with governing equations are presented first. Then, the acoustic levitation phenomenon is considered as a new way to design air suspension systems capable of self-levitation. A particular emphasis is laid on journal bearings and their specific geometrical configuration. A practical feasibility of using acoustic levitation to separate contacting surfaces...
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Nonlinear generation of non-acoustic modes by low-frequency sound in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublikacjaTwo dynamic equations referring to a weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive flow of a gas in which molecular vibrational relaxation takes place. are derived. The first one governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode, and the second one describes variations in vibrational energy. Both quantities refer to non-wave types of gas motion. These variations are caused by the nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy into...
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Impact of Boundary Conditions on Acoustic Excitation of EntropyPerturbations in a Bounded Volume of Newtonian Gas
PublikacjaExcitation of the entropy mode in the field of intense sound, that is, acoustic heating, is theoreticallyconsidered in this work. The dynamic equation for an excess density which specifies the entropy mode,has been obtained by means of the method of projections. It takes the form of the diffusion equation withan acoustic driving force which is quadratically nonlinear in the leading order. The diffusion coefficient isproportional...
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Efficiency of acoustic heating produced in the thermoviscous flow of a fluid with relaxation
PublikacjaInstantaneous acoustic heating of a fluid with thermodynamic relaxation is the subject of investigation. Among others, viscoelastic biological media described by the Maxwell model of the viscous stress tensor, belong to this type of fluid. The governing equation of acoustic heating is derived by means of the special linear combination of conservation equations in differential form, allowing the reduction of all acoustic terms in...
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INVESTIGATION OF THE LOMBARD EFFECT BASED ON A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH
PublikacjaThe Lombard effect is an involuntary increase in the speaker’s pitch, intensity, and duration in the presence of noise. It makes it possible to communicate in noisy environments more effectively. This study aims to investigate an efficient method for detecting the Lombard effect in uttered speech. The influence of interfering noise, room type, and the gender of the person on the detection process is examined. First, acoustic parameters...
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Standing Waves in a Rectangular Resonator Containing Acoustically Active Gases
PublikacjaThe distribution of perturbations of pressure and velocity in a rectangular resonator is considered. A resonator contains a gas where thermodynamic processes take place, such as exothermic chemical reaction or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. These processes make the gas acoustically active under some conditions. We conclude that the incident and reflected compounds of a sound beam do not interact in the...
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generation of the vorticity mode by sound in a bingham plastic
PublikacjaThis study investigates interaction between acoustic and non-acoustic modes, such as vorticity mode,in some class of a non-newtonian fluid called Bingham plastic. The instantaneous equations describinginteraction between different modes are derived. The attention is paid to the nonlinear effects in the fieldof intense sound. The resulting equations which describe dynamics of both sound and the vorticity modeapply to both periodic...
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Auto adaptation of mobile device characteristics to various acoustic conditions
PublikacjaThe proposed methodology of auto adaptation of the mobile device characteristics to various acoustic conditions is presented in the paper. The first goal of this study was to determine the parameters of the acoustic path of the mobile device, for both transmitting (speaker) and receiver (microphone). Results of the measurement of characteristics of mobile devices were presented. Information about characteristics of individual parts...
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On thermal stability of piezo-flexomagnetic microbeams considering different temperature distributions
PublikacjaBy relying on the Euler–Bernoulli beam model and energy variational formula, we indicate critical temperature causes in the buckling of piezo-flexomagnetic microscale beams. The corresponding size-dependent approach is underlying as a second strain gradient theory. Small deformations of elastic solids are assessed, and the mathematical discussion is linear. Regardless of the pyromagnetic effects, the thermal loading of the thermal...