Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: STATIONS MONITORING
-
Abundance and biomass of bacteria in two Arctic glacial fjords
PublikacjaTotal numbers and biomass of bacterioplankton in water in two glacial fjords off west Spitsbergen have been studied. Samples were collected from different water depth layers - from the surface to 80-90 m. Total bacterial number (TBN), biomass and morphological structure were determined by the acridine orange direct count method. The highest values of TBN and biomass in the water column were found on stations situated adjacent...
-
Low Cost Method for Location Service in the WCDMA System
PublikacjaA new and low cost method for a location service (LCS) in the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system is outlined. This method, which is called TDOA + RTT, enables calculation of the geographical position of a mobile station (MS) without knowledge of relative time differences (RTDs) between base stations (BSs). The TDOA+RTT method is based on the measurement of round trip times (RTTs) between the MS and the serving...
-
DATABASE AND BIGDATA PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF AIS MESSAGES IN THE NETBALTIC RESEARCH PROJECT
PublikacjaA specialized database and a software tool for graphical and numerical presentation of maritime measurement results has been designed and implemented as part of the research conducted under the netBaltic project (Internet over the Baltic Sea – the implementation of a multi-system, self-organizing broadband communications network over the sea for enhancing navigation safety through the development of e-navigation services.) The...
-
Pollutant deposition via dew in urban and rural environment, Cracow, Poland
PublikacjaThis study is a comparative analysis of dew in rural and urban environment. Dew samples were collected between May and October, 2009 in two reference stations in southern Poland: Cracow and Gaik-Brzezowa. The investigation included comparison of volume and chemistry of the collected samples. Due to its formation mechanisms, dew is a good indicator of air pollution. Following parameters were analyzed in 159 collected samples: pH,...
-
Investigation of noises in the EPN weekly time series
PublikacjaThe constantly growing needs of permanent stati ons’ velocities users cause their stability level to increase. To this research we included more than 150 stations located across Europe operating within the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) w ith weekly changes in the ITRF2005 reference frame. The obvious long-range dependencies in the stochastic part of GPS time series were p roven by Ljung-Box...
-
Hybrid energy storage forelectric multiple units to operate at the partially electrified line Gdynia -Hel
PublikacjaThe article presents calculations enabling the selection of an on-board energy storage device to replace diesel-powered trains with modern storage multiple units on the example railway line Gdynia Główna -Hel. The pioneering and currently used storage electric multiple units, mainly in Europe, were presented. The condensed results of the inventory of the line in question, including the technical condition...
-
PROJEKTOWANIE STANOWISK LABORATORYJNYCH WSPIERAJĄCYCH PROCES SZKOLENIA PRAKTYCZNEGO KADR MORSKICH DZIAŁU MASZYNOWEGO W ŻEGLUDZE MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ, PRZYBRZEŻNEJ I KRAJOWEJ
PublikacjaWithin the article a design offer of the Department of Ship and Power Plants of the Faculty of Ocean Engineering And Ship Technology at the Gdansk University of Technology has been presented. The offer concerns designing laboratory stations which might stand for the equipment of a didactic base of maritime educational centers i.e. maritime (naval) academies and schools as well as maritime affairs' professional training centers,...
-
The use of weight in motion data to heavy vehicles - pavement interaction analysis
PublikacjaWeight in motion (WIM) is the element of modern intelligent transport systems created to control commercial vehicles and to detect overloaded items. Because all of the vehicles crossing the WIM station are weighed and recognized, given data can be used to vehicle-pavement interaction analysis. The paper presents the results of analysis based on data from seven WIM stations localized in Motorway and National Roads in Poland. The...
-
Asynchronous Wide Area Multilateration System
PublikacjaA new method for a location service in the wide area multilateration (WAM) system is outlined. This method, which is called asynchronous WAM (AWAM), enables calculation of the geographical position of an aircraft without knowledge of relative time differences (RTDs) between measuring ground stations (sensors). The AWAM method is based on the measurement of round trip times (RTTs) between the aircraft and the serving ground station,...
-
Lightweight glass and metal roof structures in the 19th century. Architecture and construction.
PublikacjaThe 19th century brought new construction possibilities. The usage of metal elements in mesh structures, filled in with glass, resulted in creating entirely new types of objects. They have distinguished themselves in architecture and technical solutions. The envelope structures giving spatial interiors were arising very quickly. They have been enabling large light penetration, triggering them extremely bright. Thus these building...
-
Simulating Power Generation from Photovoltaics in the Polish Power System Based on Ground Meteorological Measurements—First Tests Based on Transmission System Operator Data
PublikacjaThe Polish power system is undergoing a slow process of transformation from coal to one that is renewables dominated. Although coal will remain a fundamental fuel in the coming years, the recent upsurge in installed capacity of photovoltaic (PV) systems should draw significant attention. Owning to the fact that the Polish Transmission System Operator recently published the PV hourly generation time series in this article, we aim...
-
Analysis of effect of overloaded vehicles on fatigue life of flexible pavements based on weigh in motion (WIM) data
PublikacjaOverloaded vehicles have a significant impact on pavement fatigue life and distress. As the studies show, the phenomena intensify when the control of traffic is poor. The paper presents the results of the research including analysis of weigh in motion data from eight stations and analysis of asphalt pavement fatigue caused by mixed traffic. Distributions of vehicles axles load including the multiple axles effects are presented....
-
Scrutiny of power grids by penetrating PV energy in wind farms: a case study of the wind corridor of Jhampir, Pakistan
PublikacjaThis study examines the problems caused by intermittent renewable energy sources, especially wind farms, and suggests a different solar energy penetration strategy to improve their loading capacity. The study uses real-time data from a wind farm in Jhampir, Pakistan, to analyse and assess various aspects of grid stations connected to wind farms. Electrical Transient Analyzer Program is used to validate the results by linking...
-
Comparison of bacterial production in the water column between two Arctic fjords, Hornsund and Kongsfjorden (West Spitsbergen)
PublikacjaBacterial production and the accompanying environmental factors were measured in the water columns of two Arctic fjords during the cruise in July and August 2013. Water samples were collected at six stations located in the central part of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. In Hornsund, where average water temperatures were 1.25-fold lower than in Kongsfjorden, the bacterial production was twice as high (0.116 ± 0.102 vs 0.05 ± 0.03 mg...
-
Scrutiny of power grids by penetrating PV energy in wind farms: a case study of the wind corridor of Jhampir, Pakistan
PublikacjaThis study examines the problems caused by intermittent renewable energy sources, especially wind farms, and suggests a different solar energy penetration strategy to improve their loading capacity. The study uses real-time data from a wind farm in Jhampir, Pakistan, to analyse and assess various aspects of grid stations connected to wind farms. Electrical Transient Analyzer Program is used to validate the results by linking these...
-
Evaluation of RTKLIB's Positioning Accuracy Using low-cost GNSS Receiver and ASG-EUPOS
PublikacjaThe paper focuses on a comparison of different positioning methods provided by free and open source software (FOSS) package called RTKLIB. The RTKLIB supports real‐time and post‐processed positioning. The most important modes of operation tested by the authors are Kinematic, Static, Fixed and Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The data for evaluation were obtained from low‐cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver....
-
Seasonal changes of mercury speciation in the coastal sediments
PublikacjaPurpose Mercury speciation in sediments is linked to environmental conditions and processes. Domination of particular mercury species depends on its source, displays considerable seasonal behavior, and may be further modified due to oxygen levels, icing conditions, or the input of fresh organic matter. The purpose of this study was to examine the coastal area of the Gulf of Gdańsk in terms of mercury contamination and the influence...
-
Nowoczesne metody termochemicznej konwersji biomasy w paliwa gazowe, ciekłe i stałe = Modern methods of thermochemical biomass conversion into gas, liquid and solid fuels
PublikacjaBiomass utilization through direct- or co-combustion with coal, based on coal, hydrogen and oxygen compounds chemical energy conversion into heat in boilers, is simultaneously the cheapest and - according to experts - economically least effective solution. In case of heat and electricity production in cogeneration process in biomass fueled heat and power stations (wood, straw, energetic plants, RDF etc), investment costs are little...
-
Investigation of the impact of ITRF2014/IGS14 on the positions of the reference stations in Europe
PublikacjaIn January 2017, the new realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) – ITRF2014, was released. Besides the higher accuracy and consistency of the new frame, an entirely new element – the post seismic deformation - was included. Moreover, the definition of the fundamental points has also been changed. All changes related to the new reference frame haveconsequences in the precise positioning using GNSS observations....
-
Fuel price, income and road safety as determinants of the level of the population’s economic well-being in Poland
PublikacjaThe opportunity to travel is one of the most favorite human activities, given that on a trip a person gets new knowledge, impressions and positive emotions. Recreational trips occupy a prominent place in the concept of the economics of happiness, and the study of factors that influence decision-making regarding travel is important for forecasting the number of tourists, infrastructure development, income and expenses of businesses...
-
Has EGNOS its own place in maritime navigation?
PublikacjaGNSS (in fact it usually means GPS) is at the moment the fundamental means of positioning for any variants of navigation. However some attributes of it can be not sufficient for every users or in some tasks, so there are any cases when this system needs support. From the mariner point of view pure GPS properties perfectly fulfils expectations of sailors at the open sea, however there are lot of cases, when accuracy of the system...
-
WSPÓŁCZESNE OCHŁODZENIE REJONU SZETLANDÓW POŁUDNIOWYCH I PÓŁNOCO-ZACHODNICH KRAŃCÓW PÓŁWYSPU ANTARKTYCZNEGO
PublikacjaThe paper discusses changes of hydro-climatic conditions occurring in the South Shetland Islands and in NW parts of the Antarctic Peninsula in the 1979–2016 years period. These changes are important for evaluation of the transformation of marine and coastal ecosystems. The general feature of these changes was a transition from the strong warming phase to the cooling phase, which took place around the year 2000. The paper presents...
-
Distributed Framework for Visual Event Detection in Parking Lot Area
PublikacjaThe paper presents the framework for automatic detection of various events occurring in a parking lot basing on multiple camera video analysis. The framework is massively distributed, both in the logical and physical sense. It consists of several entities called node stations that use XMPP protocol for internal communication and SRTP protocol with Jingle extension for video streaming. Recognized events include detecting parking...
-
Determination of benzo(a)pyrene content in PM10 using regression methods
PublikacjaThe paper presents an attempt of application of multidimensional linear regression to estimation of an empirical model describing the factors influencing on B(a)P content in suspended dust PM10 in Olsztyn and Elbląg city regions between 2010 and 2013. During this period annual average concentration of B(a)P in PM10 exceeded the admissible level 1.5-3 times. Conducted investigations confirm that the reasons of B(a)P concentration...
-
THE APPLICATION OF KALMAN FILTERING TO PREDICT VERTICAL RAIL AXIS DISPLACEMENTS OF THE OVERHEAD CRANE BEING A COMPONENT OF SEAPORT TRANSPORT STRUCTURE
PublikacjaAs the devices designed to transport materials, the overhead cranes should meet certain geometric requirements for their operation to be safe. The presently available geodetic equipment, in particular total stations, provides opportunities for precise 3D measurements of coordinates of the controlled points. These coordinates make a basis for correcting the height of crane runway axes. The paper presents a method to calculate position...
-
Impact of Galileo Observations on the Position and Ambiguities Estimation of GNSS Reference Stations
PublikacjaDevelopment of Galileo navigation system has caused that it is increasingly used in various areas. One of the most important of them is precise positioning of the reference networks. In this paper we present the impact of Galileo observations on the differential precise positioning as well as ambiguities resolution of selected GNSS stations. We tested five different solutions: GPS-only, Galileo-only, GPS/Galileo, GPS/GLONASS and...
-
ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC ZONES IN POLAND WITH REGARD TO ASPHALT PERFORMANCE GRADING
PublikacjaTowards the end of the last century a new system of bitumen grading was developed and implemented as part of the American Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). Its aim was to better adjust the testing methods and requirements for road bitumens to the actual conditions in which those bitumens serve in road pavements. Currently in Poland, similarly as in the other EU countries, road bitumens are tested and classified with regard...
-
The novel sterilization device: the prototype testing
PublikacjaCurrently, there are numerous methods that can be used to neutralize pathogens (i.e., devices, tools, or protective clothing), but the sterilizing agent must be selected so that it does not damage or change the properties of the material to which it is applied. Dry sterilization with hydrogen peroxide gas (VHP) in combination with UV-C radiation is well described and effective method of sterilization. This paper presents the design,...
-
The role and scope of architectural and conservation research procedures in the process of restoring the splendour of an architectural monument created after 1945 on the example of the Suburban Railway Station in Gdynia
PublikacjaModern Movement buildings, despite their relatively recent construction, are sometimes affected by radical transformations of layout and form. The railway stations being one of the most important public buildings in the city are a special group of them. Due to long-term and intensive use they may bear the signs of exploitation of parts of its substance and have secondary transformations disharmony with the building. The subject...
-
Study on transmission quality in cellular 4G and 5G networks between 2019–2021: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of provided services by operating base transceiver stations
PublikacjaThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly limited user mobility, not least among students. Remote learning had a particular impact on resource allocation in relation to using terrestrial cellular networks, especially 4G systems in urban agglomerations. This paper presents the results of a quality evaluation of an outdoor environment, carried out between 2019 and 2021 on the campus of a technical university. Annual studies are conducted...
-
Experimental test results of an automatic voltage regulator with independent phase voltage controllers
PublikacjaThe growing number of distributed renewable energy sources and dynamic constant-power loads (e.g. electric vehicle charging stations) pose new challenges for network operators. These changes result in alterations to network load profiles and load flows, leading to greater voltage volatility. One effective solution to these problems can be the use of automatic voltage regulators (AVRs), which stabilize and symmetrize voltage output,...
-
High precision and accuracy using low cost GNSS receivers and supporting technologies
PublikacjaThis chapter focuses on methods and techniques of positioning, based on the highly accurate and precise Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which are available at a relatively low price. In this context, a comparison of different positioning methods provided by the free and open source software (FOSS) package called RTKLIB is given. Other aspects related to price reduction are also considered, including availability and...
-
A hybrid-mesh solution for coverage issues in WiMAX metropolitan area networks.
PublikacjaThe new WiMAX technology offers several advantages over the currently available (GSM or UMTS-based) solutions. It is a cost effective, evolving, and robust technology providing quality of service guarantees, high reliability, wide coverage and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission capabilities. All these features make it particularly suitable for densely populated urban environments. In this paper we discuss the design and implementation...
-
High-resolution fire danger forecast for Poland based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model
PublikacjaDue to climate change and associated longer and more frequent droughts, the risk of forest fires increases. To address this, the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management implemented a system for forecasting fire weather in Poland. The Fire Weather Index (FWI) system, developed in Canada, has been adapted to work with meteorological fields derived from the high-resolution (2.5 km) Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model....
-
Hyperbolic Asynchronous Method of a Radio Navigation Technique
PublikacjaHumans have always wanted to determine position in an unknown environment. At the beginning methods were simple. They were based on the observation of characteristic points, in the case of shipping additional observations of the coastline. Then came navigation based on astronomical methods (astronavigation). At the beginning of the XX-century a new way of determining the current location was developed. It has used radiowave signals....
-
Asymmetrical-Slot Antenna with Enhanced Gain for Dual-Band Applications
PublikacjaDual-band operation is an important feature of antennas to be applied in modern communication systems. Although high gain of radiators is rarely of concern in urban areas with densely located broadcasting stations, it becomes crucial for systems operating in more remote environments. In this work, a dual-band antenna with enhanced bandwidth is proposed. The structure consists of a driven element in the form of an asymmetrical radiator/slot...
-
Mechanical characteristics of welded joints between different stainless steels grades
Publikacjanvestigation of mechanical characteristics of welded joints is one of the most important tasks that allow determining their functional properties. Due to the very high, still rising, cost of some stainless steels it is justified, on economic grounds, welding austenitic stainless steel with steels that are corrosion-resistant like duplex ones. According to forecasts the price of...
-
Optimization of Train Energy Cooperation Using Scheduled Service Time Reserve
PublikacjaThe main aim of the paper was to develop an innovative approach to the preliminary estimation possibility of train energy cooperation based on data from timetables, without traction calculations. The article points out the need to strive for sustainable and environmentally friendly transport. It was pointed out that rail transport using electric traction is one of the more ecological branches of transport. It also offers a number...
-
Degradation of Kinematic PPP of GNSS Stations in Central Europe Caused by Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances During the St. Patrick’s Day 2015 Geomagnetic Storm
PublikacjaIn solar cycle 24, the strongest geomagnetic storm took place on March 17, 2015, when the geomagnetic activity index was as high as -223 nT. To verify the impact that the storm had on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)’s positioning accuracy and precision, we used 30-s observations from 15 reference stations located in Central Europe. For each of them, we applied kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) using gLAB software...
-
A Novel Approach of Using Selected Unconventional Geodesic Methods of Estimation on VTS Areas
PublikacjaThe Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) systems belong to the fundamental tools used in ensuring a high level of safety across sea basins with heavy traffic, where the presence of navigational hazards poses a great risk of collision or a ship running aground. In order to determine the mutual location of ships, VTS systems obtain information from different facilities, such as coastal radar stations, AIS, and vision systems. Fixing a ship’s...
-
Impact of overloaded vehicles on load equivalency factors and service period of flexible pavements
PublikacjaOverloaded vehicles occur less frequently in comparison to properly loaded vehicles but due to their greater potential to cause damage they significantly contribute to the distress of pavement structure. As the studies show, the phenomena of vehicles overloading intensifies when the control of traffic is poor and the average percentage of overloaded vehicles on analyzed roads varies from 6% to 23%. The main goal of the ar-ticle...
-
Multicriteria Optimization Approach to Design and Operation of District Heating Supply System over its Life Cycle
PublikacjaDistrict Heating (DH) systems are commonly supplied using local heat sources. Nowadays, modern insulation materials allow for effective and economically viable heat transportation over long distances (over 20 km). In the paper a method for optimized selection of design and operating parameters of long distance Heat Transportation System (HTS) is proposed. The method allows for evaluation of feasibility and effectivity of heat transportation...
-
Application of Traction Supply System for Charging Electric Cars
PublikacjaThe development of electromobility involves the development of electric cars charging infrastructure. The increase of the number of chargers poses new demands for the AC power grid, especially in regard to its capacity of delivering high peak power. As an alternative for the public AC power grid, urban electrified transportation systems (trams, trolleybuses, and metro) can be used for supplying electric cars chargers. The article...
-
Sources and composition of chemical pollution in Maritime Antarctica (King George Island), part 2: Organic and inorganic chemicals in snow cover at the Warszawa Icefield
PublikacjaThe study area is located on King George Island, where 90% of the area is permanently glaciated. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the inorganic and organic chemistry of snow cover in the icefield and a comparison against previous results obtained in fresh water. Snow samples were collected in the summer of 2017 in the Warszawa Icefield area. Sampling points are located along two transects: between the Arctowski Polish...
-
Millimeter Wave Negative Refractive Index Metamaterial Antenna Array
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel negative refractive index metamaterial (NIM) is developed and characterized. The proposed metamaterial exhibits negative effective permittivity (εeffe) and negative effective permeability (µeffe) at millimeter wave frequency of 28GHz. This attractive feature is utilized to enhance the gain of a microstrip patch antenna (MPA). Two thin layers of 5 5 subwavelength unit cell array of NIM are placed above a...
-
GPS-derived height changes in diurnal and sub-diurnal timescales
PublikacjaThis paper describes the research concerning precise short-time GPS solutions conducted in the Centre of Applied Geomatics, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. The data from ASG-EUPOS (Polish Active Geodetic Network) was processed using Bernese 5.0 software and EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) standards and models. In this study, the adapted 3-hour observation window is shifted every hour for obtaining hourly geocentric...
-
Relationship between GIX, SIDX, and ROTI ionospheric indices and GNSS precise positioning results under geomagnetic storms
PublikacjaIonospheric indices give information about ionospheric perturbations, which may cause absorption, diffraction, refraction, and scattering of radio signals, including those from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Therefore, there may be a relationship between index values and GNSS positioning results. A thorough understanding of ionospheric indices and their relationship to positioning results can help monitor and forecast...
-
The influence of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of dry and wet periods in Central Poland in 1954–2018
PublikacjaThis work presents the influence of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of dry and wet periods in the central Polish region of Kujawy. The material on which the authors relied encompassed monthly totals of precipitation obtained from 10 weather stations in the period 1954–2018. Both dry and wet periods have been identified on the basis of monthly values of the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI). Additionally, the calendar...
-
Theoretical modelling of efficient fire safety water networks by certified domination
PublikacjaThis paper explores a new way of designing water supply networks for fire safety using ideas from graph theory, focusing on a method called certified domination. Ensuring a good water supply is crucial for fire safety in communities, this study looks at the rules and problems in Poland for how much water is needed to fight fires in different areas and how this can be achieved at a lowest possible cost. We present a way to plan...
-
COVID-19 and digital deprivation in Poland
PublikacjaResearch background: The problem of digital deprivation is already known, but the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted its negative consequences. A global change in the way of life, work and socialisation resulting from the epidemic has indicated that a basic level of digital integration is becoming necessary. During the lockdown, people were forced to use ICTs to adapt to a rapidly changing reality. Current experience with coronavirus...