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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: NITROGEN UTILIZATION RATE
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Fluctuation in the organic matter decomposition rate and nitrogen speciation in vegetation and outside vegetation seasons in a hybrid wetland system.
PublikacjaIlość ścieków doprowadzana do obiektu była mniejsza, a stężenia zanieczyszczeń wyższe w okresie poza wegetacyjnym. Obniżona skuteczność przemian związków azotu w okresie poza wegetacyjnym została potwierdzona przez niższe wartości stałych szybkości reakcji, które wynosiły 60% wartości osiąganych dla okresu wegetacyjnego.
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Sulfammox process_task 1
Dane BadawczeAnaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria have a more comprehensive metabolism thanexpected - there may be other electron acceptors that oxidize ammonium nitrogen under anaerobicconditions, in addition to the well-known nitrite nitrogen, one of which is sulfate in the sulfammoxprocess. Sulfate-containing compounds are part of the medium for the anammox process,...
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The Influence of Sulfate on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in a Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaAnaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria have a more comprehensive metabolism than expected - there may be other electron acceptors that oxidize ammonium nitrogen under anaerobic conditions, in addition to the well-known nitrite nitrogen, one of which is sulfate in the sulfammox process. Sulfate-containing compounds are part of the medium for the anammox process, but their concentrations are not particularly high (0.2 g MgSO4 ∙ 7H2O/dm3...
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The role of the combined nitrogen-sulfur-carbon cycles for efficient performance of anammox-based systems
PublikacjaThe combined anammox/mixotrophic denitrification process was conducted in two granular sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) during a 200-day operation. Both reactors were fed with synthetic medium, but SBR2 was enriched with additional sulfate (SO4 2 ) which influenced sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation (SRAO) and heterotrophic reduction of SO4 2 by sulfate reducing bacteria. It was hypothesized that the addition of SO4 2 could...
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Application of the Anammox Process for Treatment of Liquid Phase Digestate
PublikacjaThe liquid phase of the digestate (LPD) contains a relatively high concentration of nitrogen, with total ammonium nitrogen being the dominant form of nitrogen, as well as other essential nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium. Consequently, it must be treated before it is released into the environment. However, there are no reports of co-purification of LPD in the anammox process in sequencing batch reactor with granular sludge,...
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Integration of the sulfate reduction and anammox processes for enhancing sustainable nitrogen removal in granular sludge reactors
PublikacjaThe Anammox and Sulfate Reduction Ammonium Oxidation processes were compared in two granular sequencing batch reactors operated for 160 days under anammox conditions. It was hypothesized that increasing the concentration of SO42− may positively influence the rate of N removal under anaerobic conditions and it was tested whether SO42− reduction and anammox occur independently or are related to each other. The cooperation of N-S...
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The effects of different aeration modes on ammonia removal from sludge digester liquors in the nitritation–anammox proces
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of continuous and intermittent aeration on the rate of ammonia removal in the combined nitritation–anammox process. This process was run in two parallel sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), with a working volume V = 10 L, treating sludge digester liquors from the Gdansk (Poland) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The ammonia oxidizing bacteria were cultivated from activated sludge...
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Evaluation of Partial Nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) Process Performance and Microorganisms Community Composition under Different C/N Ratio
PublikacjaA one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process with intermittent aeration is possible under sidestream conditions, but implementation in a mainstream is a challenge due to increased Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratios in domestic wastewater. This study investigated the effect of C/N ratios on process efficiency and the effect of narrowing non-aeration time on process improvement at high chemical oxygen demand (COD) load. An increase...
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Optimization of the Aeration Strategies in a Deammonification Sequencing Batch Reactor for Efficient Nitrogen Removal and Mitigation of N2O Production
PublikacjaIn deammonification systems, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) suppression and nitrous oxide (N2O) mitigation are two important operational objectives. To carry out this multivariable analysis of response, a comprehensive model for the N cycle was developed and evaluated against experimental data from a laboratory-scale deammonification granular sludge sequencing batch reactor. Different aeration strategies were tested, and the manipulated...
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Enhancing nitrogen removal in the partial denitrification/anammox processes for SO4− - Rich wastewater treatment: Insights into autotrophic and mixotrophic strategies
PublikacjaThe investigation of partial denitrification/anammox (PD/anammox) processes was conducted under autotrophic (N–S cycle) and mixotrophic (N–S–C cycle) conditions over 180 days. Key findings revealed the remarkable capability of SO42--dependent systems to produce NO2− effectively, supporting anaerobic NH4+ oxidation. Additionally, SO42− served as an additional electron acceptor in sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation (SRAO). Increasing...
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Wyniki sulfammox (SRAO)
Dane BadawczeTwo granular sequencing batch reactors were operated for 160 days under anammox conditions, comparing the Anammox process and Sulfate Reduction Ammonium Oxidation process. The study aimed to investigate whether increasing the concentration of SO42- could enhance N removal rates under anaerobic conditions, and whether SO42- reduction and anammox processes...
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Nitrogen-Incorporated Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Nanowires for Microplasma Illumination
PublikacjaThe origin of nitrogen-incorporated boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (NB-NCD) nanowires as a function of substrate temperature (Ts) in H2/CH4/B2H6/N2 reactant gases is systematically addressed. Because of Ts, there is a drastic modification in the dimensional structure and microstructure and hence in the several properties of the NB-NCD films. The NB-NCD films grown at low Ts (400 °C) contain faceted diamond grains. The morphology...
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Separation of toluene from gas phase using supported imidazolium ionic liquid membrane
PublikacjaInvestigation on utilization of supported ionic liquids membranes for hydrocarbon separation from the gas phase was performed. Properties of membrane phase, wettability of supports, swelling effects and solubility of toluene were taken into account. Toluene permeation rates were significantly higher than those of pure nitrogen, the selectivity in a range of 17–341 was satisfying for separation. Despite the increase of viscosity...
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Extraction and evaluation of gas-flow-dependent features from dynamic measurements of gas sensors array
PublikacjaGas analyzers based on gas sensors are the devices which enable recognition of various kinds of volatile compounds. They have continuously been developed and investigated for over three decades, however there are still limitations which slow down the implementation of those devices in many applications. For example, the main drawbacks are the lack of selectivity, sensitivity...
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Ionic liquid as morphology-directing agent of two-dimensional Bi2WO6: New insight into photocatalytic and antibacterial activity
PublikacjaAn efficient and durable utilization of light to drive photocatalytic reactions still requires the overcoming of barriers. Herein, two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin IL_Bi2WO6 (IL_BWO) photocatalysts were prepared for the first time via ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal route by adjusting the amount of tetrabutylammonium chloride [TBA][Cl], synthesis temperature and duration. IL played the role of morphology-directing agent given...
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Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology
PublikacjaThe necessity of economical and rational use of natural energy sources caused a rapid development of research on the possibilities of using non‐conventional energy resources. Taking the above into account, a new technological process of thermochemical conversion of biomass and communal waste, commonly known as High Temperature Air/Steam Gasification (HTA/SG) and Multi‐Staged Enthalpy Extraction Technology (HTAG‐MEET), was developed....
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Catalytic Activity of Nickel and Ruthenium–Nickel Catalysts Supported on SiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, and MgAl2O4 in a Dry Reforming Process
PublikacjaDry reforming of methane (DRM) is an eco-friendly method of syngas production due to the utilization of two main greenhouse gases—methane and carbon dioxide. An industrial application of methane dry reforming requires the use of a catalyst with high activity, stability over a long time, and the ability to catalyze a reaction, leading to the needed a hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the...
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Effect of small quantities of potassium promoter and steam on the catalytic properties of nickel catalysts in dry/combined methane reforming
PublikacjaCarbon dioxide and methane are two of the principal greenhouse gases. Reduction of their content in the atmosphere is currently the subject of much worldwide research. Dry and combined reforming of methane are effective methods of CO2 and CH4 utilization and production of synthesis gas (syngas) in chemical technology. Testing of catalysts that provide the desired H2/CO ratio and long operation time is one of the critical aspects...
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The Simulation of Activated Sludge System for Optimization of Predictive Aeration at Large WWTP
PublikacjaEffective use of biodegradable substrates as an internal carbon sources (ICS) for denitrification and EBPR and predicting performance of aeration systems during nitrification in activated sludge bioreactors, may be useful in realization the sustainable development by potentially saving energy consumption at WWTPs. A large number of WWTPs use activated sludge systems with an integrated removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus...
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Kinetics of nitrogen removal processes in constructed wetlands
PublikacjaThe aim of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of the kinetics of nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands. Biological processes of nitrogen removal from wastewater can be described using equations and kinetic models. Hence, these kinetic models which have been developed and evaluated allow for predicting the removal of nitrogen in treatment wetlands. One of the most important, first order removal model, which is...
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Denitrifcation rate in the mainstream deammonification
PublikacjaThe conventional processes of biological nitrogen removal based on nitrification and denitrification does not fit properly into the concept of the circular economy. As the alternative one should consider the deammonification process, which is a combination of partial nitrification (nitritation) and Anammox processes. It consists of removing ammonium nitrogen from wastewater under anaerobic conditions by a group of autotrophic microorganisms....
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Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant
PublikacjaNitrogen doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by anodizing Ti foils in an organic electrolyte containing specified amounts of urea as nitrogen precursor. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by analyzing the degradation kinetics of phenol in water. The influence of tubes’ length, tubes’ surface morphology and amount of nitrogen in the TiO2 lattice on hydroxyl radical formation efficiency, photocatalytic...
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Nitrogen removal in vertical flow constructed wetlands: influence of bed depth and high nitrogen loadings
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to evaluate the nitrogen removal and its effects on the plant’s growth and leaves morphology. using two subsurface vertical flow (VF bed), with different depths (0.24 m2 × 0.70 m; 0.24 m2 × 0.35 m) and nitrogen load increments. The VF bed were planted with Vetiveria zizanioides, filled with light expanded clay aggregates (Leca®NR 10/20) and fed in parallel mode with synthetic wastewater. High ammonium nitrogen...
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Prediction of Processor Utilization for Real-Time Multimedia Stream Processing Tasks
PublikacjaUtilization of MPUs in a computing cluster node for multimedia stream processing is considered. Non-linear increase of processor utilization is described and a related class of algorithms for multimedia real-time processing tasks is defined. For such conditions, experiments measuring the processor utilization and output data loss were proposed and their results presented. A new formula for prediction of utilization was proposed...
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Power enhancement of the Brayton cycle by steam utilization
PublikacjaThe paper presents thermodynamic analysis of the gas-steam unit of the 65 MWe combined heat and power station. Numerical analyses of the station was performed for the nominal operation conditions determining the Brayton and combined cycle. Furthermore, steam utilization for the gas turbine propulsion in the Cheng cycle was analysed. In the considered modernization, steam generated in the heat recovery steam generator unit is directed...
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Sylwester Kaczmarek dr hab. inż.
OsobySylwester Kaczmarek ukończył studia w 1972 roku jako mgr inż. Elektroniki, a doktorat i habilitację uzyskał z technik komutacyjnych i inżynierii ruchu telekomunikacyjnego w 1981 i 1994 roku na Politechnice Gdańskiej. Jego zainteresowania badawcze ukierunkowane są na: sieci IP QoS, sieci GMPLS, sieci SDN, komutację, ruting QoS, inżynierię ruchu telekomunikacyjnego, usługi multimedialne i jakość usług. Aktualnie jego badania skupiają...
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Nitrogen-doped diamond thin films: potential application in Fabry-Pérot interferometer
PublikacjaIn this paper we present results of preliminary research of using nitrogen-doped diamond (NDD) films as reflective layer in Fabry-Pérot interferometer. NDD films were deposited on Si substrates by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPECVD) with the use of CH4, H2 and N2 gas mixtures. During deposition process methane flow rate varied while nitrogen flow was constant. We performed series of measurements which showed...
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Hydrogen production from ethanol In nitrogen microwave plasma At atmospheric pressure
PublikacjaHydrogen seems to be one of the most promising alternative energy sources. It is a renewable fuel as it could be produced from e.g. waste or bio-ethanol. Furthermore hydrogen is compatible with fuel cells and is environmentally clean. In contrast to conventional methods of hydrogen production such as water electrolysis or coal gasification we propose a method based on atmospheric pressure microwave plasma. In this paper we present...
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N-phosphonomethylglycine utilization by the psychrotolerant yeast Solicoccozyma terricola M 3.1.4.
PublikacjaSolicoccozymaterricolaM 3.1.4., the yeast strain isolated from soil sample from blueberry cultivation in MiedzyrzecPodlaski in Poland, is capable to split of phosphorus to nitrogen and nitrogen to carbon bonds inN-phosphono-methylglycine (PMG, glyphosate). The biodegradation process proceeds in the phosphate-independent manner. Itis the first example of a psychrotolerant yeast strain able to degrade PMGviaCeN bond cleavage accompanied...
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Nitrogen sorption isotherm for V2CTx
Dane BadawczeData of points for nitrogen sorption isotherm for sample V2CTx (only sorption branch). The V2CTx was prepared via selective etching of aluminium from MAX matrice V2AlC using 50% HF for 96 h at room temperature.
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Nitrogen transformation during fermentation in agricultural biogas plants
PublikacjaThe aim of the present study was to determine changes in the organic nitrogen fraction in the liquid fraction of the digestate during laboratory tests of mono- and co-digestion. Three agricultural wastes were tested: distillery residue, cattle slurry and corn silage. In the mono-fermentation tests, the initial total nitrogen concentration depended on the feedstock used. As a result of the hydrolysis and ammonification of the organic...
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COMPOST SCIENCE & UTILIZATION
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Measuring Pulse Rate with a Webcam
PublikacjaIn this paper a simple method of measuring the pulse rate is presented. Elaborated algorithm allows for efficient pulse rate registration directly from face images captured from a webcam. The desired signal is obtained by proper channel selection and principal component analysis. To determine the accuracy of the method an ECG signal is collected together with a video recordings. The effectiveness of the algorithm is considered...
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Influence of dissolved organic nitrogen on surface waters
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) contained in biologically treated wastewater disposed from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to biodegradability and bioavailability in a water environment. Additionally an evaluation was performed of the participation of this organic nitrogen fraction, including bioavailable DON (bDON), in the nitrogen balance for the Baltic...
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The instantaneous frequency rate spectogram
PublikacjaAn accelerogram of the instantaneous phase of signal components referred to as an instantaneous frequency rate spectrogram (IFRS) is presented as a joint time-frequency distribution. The distribution is directly obtained by processing the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) locally. A novel approach to amplitude demodulation based upon the reassignment method is introduced as a useful by-product. Additionally, an estimator of energy...
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Effect of selected ammonia escape inhibitors on carbon dioxide capture and utilization via calcium carbonate precipitation
PublikacjaCarbon dioxide was used to precipitate CaCO3 with CaCl2 solution in the presence of NH3 as a CO2 absorption promoter. Compounds that were previously indicated as inhibitors of ammonia escape during CO2 absorption were also added to the reaction mixture. Inorganic salts, i.e. ZnCl2, CuCl2, CoCl2, and organic substances, i.e. glycerol, ethylene glycol and triethanolamine were tested inhibitors in this work. A model post-distillation...
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Pathways of Nitrogen Removal in Hybrid Treatment Wetlands
PublikacjaHybrid Treatment Wetlands (HTWs) are composed of two or more filters with different modes of flow, allowing the benefits of both types of bed to be combined, resulting in better effluent quality (nitrogen and organic compounds removal). Such a heterogeneous environment creates possibilities for different mechanisms of nitrogen removal. The objective of the present study was to investigate the removal of nitrogen versus a range...
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Removal of organic matter and nitrogen in an horizontalsubsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetland undertransient loads
PublikacjaA monitoring campaign in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland under the influence of transient loads of flow-rate, organic matter, nitrogen and suspended solids showed an irregular removal of COD and TSS and lower both removal efficiencies and mass removal rates than the ones observed in other studies for similar operating conditions. This circumstance is associated to the presence of large amount of particulate organic...
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Pathways of nitrogen compounds depletion in hybrid constructed wetlands
PublikacjaHybrid Constructed Wetlands are composed of two or more filters with mixed flow direction of sewage. Apparently in the HCWS the benefits of both types of bed are merged, resulting in better effluent quality (organic and nitrogen componds removal). Such heterogeneous environment creates possibilities for different ways of nitrogen "disappearing". The objective of the present study was to compare the removal of nitrogen with accompanying...
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Utilization of waste chloroorganic compounds
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The occurrence and role of Nitrospira in nitrogen removal systems
PublikacjaApplication of the modern microbial techniques changed the paradigm about the microorganisms performing nitrification. Numerous investigations recognized representatives of the genus Nitrospira as a key and predominant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in biological nutrient removal systems, especially under low dissolved oxygen and substrate conditions. The recent discovery of Nitrospira capable of performing complete ammonia oxidation...
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Importance of the combined effects of dissolved oxygen and pH on optimization of nitrogen removal in anammox-enriched granular sludge
PublikacjaThe combined effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH on nitrogen removal were investigated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with anammox-enriched granular sludge obtained from a nitritation/anammox system. The highest specific nitrogen removal rate (SNRR) (1.1 gN gVSS−1 d−1) was observed under non-aerated conditions, resulting in the nitrogen removal efficiency of 81.6%. Although nitrogen removal was readily...
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Manufacturing of Lightweight Aggregates as an Auspicious Method of Sewage Sludge Utilization
Publikacja: Sewage sludge is a high-volume and low-cost waste commonly generated worldwide, so its utilization is a vital issue. The application of this waste in the manufacturing of lightweight aggregates was investigated. The process was performed using intensive mixers with volumes of 5 and 30 L, as well as the industrial 500 L mixer. Then, granulates were sintered in a tube furnace. The influence of composition and mixer size on the...
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Nitrogen mass balance and mathematical model of a Structured- Bed Reactor (SBRRIA)
PublikacjaAn up-flow structured-bed reactor subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration (SBRRIA) was operated under varying influent conditions. The influent COD/N ratio was adjusted by maintaining a stable organic loading rate (average of 1.07 kgCOD m-3 d-1) and changing the nitrogen loading rate from 0.1 to 0.4 kg N m-3. Therefore, three different COD/N ratios were tested: 9.7±1 (Scenario 1); 7.6±1 (Scenario 2) and 2.9±1 (Scenario...
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Beeswax And Palmitic Acid Utilization With Heat Pipes For Electronics Cooling
PublikacjaThis paper presents an experimental study of heat pipes supported by phase change materials (PCMs) coated at their adiabatic sections in application for electronics cooling. The PCMs investigated in this research were palmitic acid and beeswax, the latter being considered as a more cost-effective alternative. The study focused on three powers: 20W, 25W, and 30W. The experimental results revealed that the incorporation of palmitic...
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Influence of nitrogen and organic matter fractions on wastewater treatment in treatment wetland
PublikacjaMunicipal wastewater contains both biodegradable and non-degradable pollutants. Moreover, they are present in dissolved, colloidal and particulate forms. These fractions are characterised by various decomposition rates, hence their bioavailability during microbial respiration. It was confirm that biological degradation rate in terms of COD reduction is influenced by particle size speciation. Therefore, the objective of the study...
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Application of mechanistic and data-driven models for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment systems
PublikacjaIn this dissertation, the application of mechanistic and data-driven models in nitrogen removal systems including nitrification and deammonification processes was evaluated. In particular, the influential parameters on the activity of the Nitrospira activity were assessed using response surface methodology (RSM). Various long-term biomass washout experiments were operated in two parallel sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a different...
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Ordinal pattern statistics for the assessment of heart rate variability
PublikacjaThe recognition of all main features of a healthy heart rhythm (the so-called sinus rhythm) is still one of the biggest challenges in contemporary cardiology. Recently the interesting physiological phenomenon of heart rate asymmetry has been observed. This phenomenon is related to unbalanced contributions of heart rate decelerations and accelerations to heart rate variability. In this paper we apply methods based on the concept...
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Sustainable utilization of copper post-flotation waste in cement composites
PublikacjaThe current way of managing the copper ore flotation waste is by placing it in waste neutralization facilities. However, flotation waste has great potential in application in cement composites. The article presents the detailed characteristics of post-flotation waste (PFW) and three types of cements: CEM I, CEM II/B-V, and CEM III/A, 42.5 MPa class. The post-flotation waste added for 20% of the cement mass increase the water demand...
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Modeling organic nitrogen conversions in activated sludge bioreactors
PublikacjaFor biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems designed to maximize nitrogen removal, the effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration may range from 2.0 to 4.0 g N/m3 with about 25-50% in the form of organic nitrogen (ON). In this study, current approaches to modeling organic N conversions (separate processes vs. constant contents of organic fractions) were compared. A new conceptual model of ON conversions was developed and combined...