The aim of the subject is to familarize the student with fundamental physico-chemical laws in chemical thermodynamics, phase equilibria and chemical equilibria together with ability of solving relevant text problems involving calculations, as well as teachnig him/her effective and safe carrying out simple experiments/measurements of physico-chemical quantities and proper presentation and interpretation of their results.

LECTURES

Chemical thermodynamics: Termochemistry, Hess law and kirchoff's equation. State functions. First principle of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic cycles, Second principle, Gibbs free anergy and Helmholtz free energy. Third principle. Criteria of spontaneity and equilibrium of reactions. Open systems, partial molar quantities, chemical potential. Chemical equilibrium. Standard molar Gibbs free energy and reaction quotient. Equilibrium constants. Le Chatelier principle and Van't Hoff isobar.  Gibbs-Helholtz equation. General conditions of phase equilibria. Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Gibbs rule of phases. Gibbs-Duhem equation. Selected equilibria in one-, two, and three-component systems (Gibbs triangle) – interpretation of phase diagrams. Simple and fractional distillation. Nernst law of pertition. Solutions: Colligative properties. Thermodynamic characteristics of the perfect and perfectly diluted solutions. Thermodynamic definition of activity and activity coefficients. Excess functions.

TUTORIALS:
Calculations of heats of reaction at constant V or P. Calculations of ΔS and ΔG of reaction. Relation of ΔG⁰ with equlibrium constantsi. Calculations of chemical equilibria in gaseous phase, equilibrium compostions and sissociation (reaction) degree.  Calculations in phase equilibria in one-component systems. Calculation of composition of phases in gas-liquid systems, compositions of distillates and residuals. Calculations related to colligative properties..

LABORATORY

Performing 6 experiments from the list:

1. Vapor-liquid equilibrium of pure liquids.
2. Vapor-liquid equilibrium for a two component systems.
3. Cryometry - Measurements of freezing point depression.
4. Calorimetry: a) measuring specific heat of liquids; b) measuring heat of acid-base neutralization..
5. Heat of dissolution
6. Determination of physicochemical constants of liquids.