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Conversion of waste biomass to designed and tailored activated chars with valuable properties for adsorption and electrochemical applications
Abstract
Waste biomass, a renewable energy source, is inexpensive material that has great potential in sorp-tion and electrochemical application. The selected waste materials (corncobs, coconut shells, wal-nuts, and pistachio husks) allow to close the production cycle and enable material recycling, which are important aspects in the hierarchy of waste management. The proposed methodology for pro-duction and activation of biochars can be used industrially due to highly porous structure, devel-oped surface area and sorption ability of the obtained activated carbons (AC). A significant increase (from 4 up to more than 10 times) in specific surface area (SSA) is observed for all samples after the CO2 activation process (0.5 h at 800°C) up to 725 m2⸱g-1 for corncobs, 534.9 m2⸱g-1 for pistachio husks, 523 m2⸱g-1 for coconut shells, and 393 m2⸱g-1 for walnut husks. The highest value of SSA is achieved for the AC derived from corncobs. This material is evaluated for use as an adsorbent, re-vealing 99% removal of Rhodamine B (dye/AC ratio of 0.0017) and 69% removal of chromium (dye/AC ratio of 0.0028). Based on the adsorption kinetics analysis, it is demonstrated that the Cr (VI) undergoes physical adsorption, while RhB - chemisorption. In addition, corncob-derived AC exhibits superior electrochemical performance in 6 M KOH compared to the non-activated biochar. A specific capacitance of 70 F⸱g-1 at 5 A⸱g-1 is achieved, along with outstanding rate capability (45 F⸱g-1 at 50 A⸱g-1) and cycling stability (94% at 10 A⸱g-1 after 10 000 cycles). In contrast, the non-activated sample shows only 34 F⸱g-1 at 5 A⸱g-1 and 13 F⸱g-1 at 50 A⸱g-1, with a stability of 91.4%.
Citations
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Authors (8)
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Paweł Kazimierski
-
Paulina Hercel
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Dariusz Kardas
Cite as
Full text
- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1007/s11356-023-28824-y
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Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
-
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
no. 30,
pages 96977 - 96992,
ISSN: 0944-1344 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2023
- Bibliographic description:
- Januszewicz K., Kazimierski P., Cymann-Sachajdak A., Hercel P., Barczak B., Wilamowska-Zawłocka M., Kardas D., Łuczak J.: Conversion of waste biomass to designed and tailored activated chars with valuable properties for adsorption and electrochemical applications// ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH -, (2023),
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1007/s11356-023-28824-y
- Sources of funding:
-
- Statutory activity/subsidy
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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