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Abstract
Herbal medicine wastes (HMWs) are byproducts of medicine factories, which are mainly landfilled for their environmental problems. Only bearing in mind the contamination and concerns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental emissions, the worth of herbal medicine wastes management and conversion to green products can be understood. In this work, subcritical water treatment was carried out batch-wise in a stainless tube reactor in the pressure range of 0.792–30.0 MPa, varying the temperature (127–327 °C) and time (1–60 min) of extraction. This resulted in new and green material sources, including organic acids, amino acids, and sugars. Amazingly, at very low extraction times (below 5 min) and high temperatures (above 277 °C), about 99% of HMWs were efficaciously converted to clean products by subcritical hydrothermal treatment. The results of hydrothermal extraction after 5 min indicated that at low temperatures (127–227 °C), the total organic carbon in the aqueous phase increased as the residual solid phase decreased, reaching a peak around 220 °C. Acetone soluble extracts or fat phase appeared above 227 °C and reached a maximum yield of 21% at 357 °C. Aspartic acid, threonine, and glycine were the primary amino acids; glycolic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, and acetic acid were obtained as the main organic acids, glucose, fructose, and cellobiose were substantial sugars produced from the aqueous phase after 5 min of hydrothermal subcritical hydrolysis extraction.
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Authors (10)
-
Farzad Seidi
-
Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
-
Maryam Jouyandeh
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Sajjad Habibzadeh
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Muhammad Tajammal Munir
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Henri Vahabi
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Babak Bagheri
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Navid Rabiee
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Payam Zarrintaj
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Keywords
Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
-
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
no. 424,
ISSN: 0304-3894 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Bibliographic description:
- Seidi F., Yazdi M. K., Jouyandeh M., Habibzadeh S., Munir M. T., Vahabi H., Bagheri B., Rabiee N., Zarrintaj P., Saeb M.: Green products from herbal medicine wastes by subcritical water treatment// JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS -Vol. 424,iss. Part A (2022), s.127294-
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127294
- Sources of funding:
-
- Free publication
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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