PRs are new category of local government revenues, which was introduced by changing the law on public finances at the end of 2006 and which took effect in 2007. By principle, these revenues should be converted into property expenditures. Their formalisation did not only allow assessing their absolute size but also a comparison with the longer existing property expenditures. Both categories were subject of analysis in this article....

In today's world, where positioning applications reached a huge popularity and became virtually ubiquitous, there is a strong need for determining a device location as accurately as possible. A particularly important role in positioning play cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In the LTE Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning method, precision of device location estimation depends on accuracy...

W referacie przedstawiono wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz związanych z możliwościami interfejsu radiowego OFDM systemu LTE do określania położenia terminala ruchomego. Zostały zaprezentowane wyniki badań symulacyjnych dokładności określania odległości terminala od stacji bazowej na podstawie sygnałów referencyjnych o różnych szerokościach pasm częstotliwości, definiowanych w specyfikacji warstwy fizycznej systemu LTE.

A CW FM type sounding signal is used in the classical solution of silent sonar. While the signal provides a relatively simple implementation of digital signal processing, and ensures good detection conditions, unfortunately, in the presence of the Doppler effect, distance measurement results tend to be wrong. This is due to the fact that the received signal’s instantaneous frequency value is dependent both on the distance to the...