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Electrostatic interactions in finite systems treated with periodic boundary conditions: Application to linear-scaling density functional theory
Abstract
We present a comparison of methods for treating the electrostatic interactions of finite, isolated systems within periodic boundary conditions (PBCs), within density functional theory (DFT), with particular emphasis on linear-scaling (LS) DFT. Often, PBCs are not physically realistic but are an unavoidable consequence of the choice of basis set and the efficacy of using Fourier transforms to compute the Hartree potential. In such cases the effects of PBCs on the calculations need to be avoided, so that the results obtained represent the open rather than the periodic boundary. The verylarge systems encountered in LS-DFT make the demands of the supercell approximation for isolated systems more difficult to manage, and we show cases where the open boundary (infinite cell) result cannot be obtained from extrapolation of calculations from periodic cells of increasing size.We discuss, implement, and test three very different approaches for overcoming or circumventing the effects of PBCs: truncation of the Coulomb interaction combined with padding of the simulation cell, approaches based on the minimum image convention, and the explicit use of open boundary conditions (OBCs). We have implemented these approaches in the ONETEP LS-DFT program and applied them to a range of systems, including a polar nanorod and a protein. We compare their accuracy, complexity, and rate of convergence with simulation cell size. We demonstrate that corrective approaches within PBCs can achieve the OBC result more efficiently and accurately than pure OBCapproaches.
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- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1063/1.3662863
- License
- Copyright (2011 American Institute of Physics)
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- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
- Published in:
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
no. 135,
ISSN: 0021-9606 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Bibliographic description:
- Hine N., Dziedzic J., Haynes P., Skylaris C.: Electrostatic interactions in finite systems treated with periodic boundary conditions: Application to linear-scaling density functional theory// JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. -Vol. 135, nr. iss. 20 (2011),
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1063/1.3662863
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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