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Search results for: privatization
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Methods of the privatization process of Polish state-owned enterprises in years 1990‒2015
PublicationThis article presents methods of the privatization process of state-owned enterprises in Poland in the period of years 1990‒2015. The author presents the change of number of state-owned companies over the selected period as well as describes the main methods of ownership transformation used in Poland. First part presents the mechanism of commercialization. Second discusses the indirect privatization and contribution to NFI. Next,...
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Costs of privatization of the banking sector in Poland in 1997-2000
Open Research DataOn June 14, 1996, a special law was passed on the merger and grouping of certain banks in the form of joint-stock companies. Pursuant to these regulations, the PeKaO S.A. banking group was established, which was the only entity of this type established in this way. Additionally, by the end of 1996, four out of nine regional banks were sold, i.e. Wielkopolski...
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Revenues to the state budget from the sale of shares in state-owned banks in 1994-2000
Open Research DataOn June 14, 1996, a special law was passed on the merger and grouping of certain banks in the form of joint-stock companies. Pursuant to these regulations, the PeKaO S.A. banking group was established, which was the only entity of this type established in this way. Additionally, by the end of 1996, four out of nine regional banks were sold, i.e. Wielkopolski...
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Commercial function as a treat to the monument - 25 years of experience in the commercialization of monuments in Gdansk, Poland
PublicationThe principles of the market economy adopted in Poland in the nineties have significantly touched the resources of immovable monuments. As a result, monuments have become a product of culture subject to the rules of the free market; and state ownership, patronage and decision-making practice has now been replaced by private interest. Practical monument use has also changed with the shift in ownership of objects after privatization...
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Urban Mentoring as a new polish management technique in participatory planning
PublicationA decade of experience in implementation of numerous urban modernization projects in Poland resulted in a lively debate on socialization of the planning process, in which the matter of the public space quality has become the center of gravity. In those years, transformation from the classic administrative model of „bureaucracy planning” to the model of „management planning” has not been complete. The socialist primacy of the public...
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URBAN MENTORING JAKO NOWA TECHNIKA WPRÓŁPRACY W PROCESIE PLANOWANIA PARTCYPACYJNEGO
PublicationW 25 lat od powrotu demokracji opierającej się o neoliberalny paradygmat rozwoju kraju, Polska przyjęła Krajową Politykę Miejską 2030. Wraz z ustawą o rewitalizacji w nowoczesny sposób określa ona pole współpracy władz samorządowych i administracji z mieszkańcami, przejście do drugiej fazy rozwoju społeczeństwa demokratycznego – mieszkańców współgospodarzy przestrzeni miast. Powolna ewolucja tej relacji, silnie obarczonej dziedzictwem...
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The structure of the Polish banking sector in 2004-2018
Open Research DataDynamic changes in the banking system in the 1990s contributed to the relative stability of the number of banks in all sectors (state-owned, private, cooperative) after 2004. The total number of banks (including credit institutions) has decreased since 2004 from 653 to 612 in 2018 - it should therefore be noted that in the analyzed period the Polish...
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Balance sheet total of commercial banks with the majority of private capital (data in percent) in the years 1993-2004
Open Research DataIn 1995, foreign capital held 18.1% of shares in Polish banks. This share increased significantly at the beginning of the 21st century to around 60%. It should therefore be noted that the Polish banking system within a decade became mostly owned by foreign investors.
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Number of commercial banks at the end of the year, excluding banks that are not operating, bankrupt or liquidated, and banks in organization in 1993-2004
Open Research DataPolish banks were gradually transformed from enterprises with a predominance of Polish private capital into banks with a majority share of private foreign capital. In 1993, there were 48 banks with a majority of Polish private capital, and in 2006 there were 7 of them. In 1993, the shares of 10 banks in Poland were owned by private foreign capital,...
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Changes in the ownership structure of the banking sector (percentage share) in 1995-2004
Open Research DataAnalyzing the data, one can observe a steadily declining share of the State Treasury in the shareholding structure of banks. In 1995, the state owned over 40% of bank assets (counting directly the share of the State Treasury and indirectly through enterprises organized under state legal persons). At the same time, it should be noted that the NBP is...
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Changes in the number of commercial banks in 1992-2004
Open Research DataAs the data shows, it can be concluded that the number of banks in Poland is small. The main reason for the declining number of banks is bank acquisitions by foreign investors or bank consolidation. To a lesser extent, this change resulted from negative factors such as bankruptcy or liquidation.