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Long-term operation of Kickuth-type constructed wetland applied to municipal wastewater treatment in temperate climate
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of changes of effectiveness of Kickuth-type constructed wetland with subsurface flow applied to domestic wastewater treatment. This study is based on an example of a wetland 3000 m2 in surface, serving 800 inhabitants, located in Poland. The results of chemical analysis showed that after an initial year of ‘start-up time’, the efficiency of pollutant removal gradually increased to reach an apex in the 6th year of operation. Such maximum efficiency continued up to the 10th year of operation; afterwards it gradually dropped. Moreover, after 12 years of operation, a serious problem with overland flow was observed, which indicated the porous media clogging processes.
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Authors (4)
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Zbigniew Mucha
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Włodzimierz Wójcik
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Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski dr hab
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Full text
- Publication version
- Accepted or Published Version
- License
- Copyright (2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group)
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Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
- Published in:
-
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
no. 39,
pages 1133 - 1143,
ISSN: 0959-3330 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Bibliographic description:
- Mucha Z., Wójcik W., Jóźwiakowski K., Gajewska M.: Long-term operation of Kickuth-type constructed wetland applied to municipal wastewater treatment in temperate climate// ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY. -Vol. 39, iss. 9 (2018), s.1133-1143
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1080/09593330.2017.1323014
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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