Przedstawiono uogólniony model termosyfonu, który może być rozpatrywany dla szeregu wariantów.Model opiera się na jednowymiarowych równanich masy, pędu i energii. Rozpatrzono dwa przypadki termosyfonu, tj. grzanie strony pionowej i chłodzenie strony pionowej oraz drugi, gdzie termosyfon jest ogrzewany na stronie pionowej a chłodzony na poziomej.

Memory failures are frustrating and often the result of ineffective encoding. One approach to improving memory outcomes is through direct modulation of brain activity with electrical stimulation. Previous efforts, however, have reported inconsistent effects when using open-loop stimulation and often target the hippocampus and medial temporal lobes. Here we use a closed-loop system to monitor and decode neural activity from direct...

This paper presents a shunt active power filter connected to the grid via an LCL coupling circuit with implemented closed‐loop control. The proposed control system allows selective harmonic currents compensation up to the 50th harmonic with the utilization of a model‐based predictive current controller. As the system is fully predictive, it provides high effectiveness of the harmonic reduction, which is proved by waveforms achieved...

This paper presents an inductive power transfer system on the basis of a double single- phase three-level T-type inverter and two split transmitting coils for constant current and constant voltage wireless charging of low-voltage light electric vehicle batteries with closed-loop control, considering time-delay communication constraints. An optimal control structure and a modified control strategy were chosen and implemented to...