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Leather Waste Hydrolysation, Carbonization, and Microbial Treatment for Nitrogen Recovery by Ryegrass Cultivation
Abstract
Leather waste contains up to 10% nitrogen (N); thus, combustion or gasification only for the energy recovery would not be rational, if safety standards are met. On the other hand, the chromium (Cr) content exceeding 5% in half of the waste stream (w/w) is too significant to be applied in agriculture. In this work, four acid hydrolysates from leather waste shavings, both wet-white free of Cr and wet-blue with Cr, were used: two with a mixture of acids and supplemented with Cu, Mn, and Zn, and the other two as semi-products from collagen extraction using hydrochloric acid. Additionally wet-green leather waste shavings, e.g., impregnated with olive extract, were used followed by the two treatments: amendment with a biochar from “wet white” leather waste shavings and amendment with this biochar incubated with the commercial phosphorus stimulating microbial consortia BactoFos. They were applied as organic nitrogen-based fertilizers in a glasshouse experiment, consisting of 4–5 subsequent harvests every 30 days, under spring–autumn conditions in northern Poland. Biochar-amended wet-greens provided the highest nitrogen use efficiencies, exceeding 100% after 4 months of growth (for 20 kg N/ha) and varying from 17% to 37% in particular months. This is backed up by another parameter (relative agronomic effectiveness) that for these materials exceeded 150% for a single month and in total was around 33%. Biochar amendments significantly increased agronomic parameters for wet-greens, and their microbial treatment enhanced them even further. Recycling this type of waste can replace inorganic fertilizers, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint.
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Authors (8)
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Ksawery Kuligowski dr inż.
-
Dawid Skrzypczak dr inż.
- Politechnika Wrocławska
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Katarzyna Mikula
- Politechnika Wrocławska
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Katarzyna Chojnacka prof. dr hab. inż.
- Politechnika Wrocławska
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Paulina Bandrów
- BADER Polska Sp. z o.o
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Adrian Woźniak
- Rendben Ltd
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Keywords
Details
- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Published in:
-
Materials
no. 17,
ISSN: 1996-1944 - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2024
- Bibliographic description:
- Kuligowski K., Skrzypczak D., Mikula K., Chojnacka K., Bandrów P., Tylingo R., Mania S., Woźniak A.: Leather Waste Hydrolysation, Carbonization, and Microbial Treatment for Nitrogen Recovery by Ryegrass Cultivation// Materials -,iss. 17(23)5741 (2024),
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.3390/ma17235741
- Sources of funding:
-
- The research was carried out under the project nr POIR.04.01.04-00-0071/20–00 co-financed by the National Centre for Research and Development from the Smart Development Operational Program, Action 4.1.4 “Application Projects”.
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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