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Abstract
Urban transportation in the next few decades will shift worldwide towards electrification and automation, with the final aim of increasing energy efficiency and safety for passengers. Such a big change requires strong collaboration and efforts among public administration, research and stakeholders in developing, testing and promoting these technologies in the public transportation. Working in this direction, this work provides a review of the impact of the introduction of driverless electric minibuses, for the first and last mile transportation, in the public service. More specifically, this paper covers a state of the art in terms of technological background for automation, energy efficiency via electrification, and the current state of the legal framework in Europe with focus on the Baltic Sea Region.
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Authors (23)
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Jaagup Ainsalu
- Tallinn Transport Department
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Ville Arffman
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Mauro Bellone
- Chalmers University of Technology
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Maximilian Ellner
- IKEM Institute for Climate Protection, Energy and Mobility
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Taina Haapamäki
- FLOU Solutions Ltd.
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Noora Haavisto
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Ebba Josefson
- Front Advokater
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Azat Ismailogullari
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Eetu Pilli-sihvola
- Finnish Transport Safety Agency (Trafi)
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Olav Madland
- Applied Autonomy Ltd.
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Raitis Madzulaitis
- Zemgale Planning Region
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Jaanus Muur
- Tallinn University of Technology
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Sami Mäkinen
- FLOU Solutions Ltd.
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Ville Nousiainen
- Forum Virium Helsinki
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Eetu Rutanen
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Sami Sahala
- Forum Virium Helsinki
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Boris Schønfeldt
- The Municipality of Vejle
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Ralf-Martin Soe
- Tallinn University of Technology
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Juha Sääski
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Magdalena Szymańska
- The City of Gdańsk
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Ingar Vaskinn
- The Municipality of Kongsberg
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Milla Åman
- Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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- Category:
- Articles
- Type:
- artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
- Published in:
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Sustainability
pages 1 - 34,
ISSN: - Language:
- English
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Bibliographic description:
- Ainsalu J., Arffman V., Bellone M., Ellner M., Haapamäki T., Haavisto N., Josefson E., Ismailogullari A., Pilli-Sihvola E., Madland O., Madzulaitis R., Muur J., Mäkinen S., Nousiainen V., Rutanen E., Sahala S., Schønfeldt B., Smolnicki P., Soe R., Sääski J., Szymańska M., Vaskinn I., Åman M.: State of the Art of Automated Buses// Sustainability. -, nr. 10 (2018), s.1-34
- DOI:
- Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.20944/preprints201807.0218.v2
- Bibliography: test
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- Driving License Ordinance Körkortsförordning (1998:980) KörkF Road Traffic Definitions Act* Lag (2001:559) om vägtrafikdefinitioner VägDefL Road Traffic Definitions Ordinance* Förordningen (2001:651) om vägtrafikdefinitioner VägDefF Road Signs Ordinance Vägmärkesförordning (2007:90) open in new tab
- VägMärkF Roads Act Väglag (1971:948) VL open in new tab
- European Parliament and Council Directive 2006/26/EC of 20 December 2006, the Third Directive on Driving Licenses - Directive 2006/26/EC Camera Surveillance Act Kameraövervakningslag (2013:460) open in new tab
- KamÖvL [Ordinance on electronic announcement of certain road traffic regulations] (1971:948)
- Verified by:
- Gdańsk University of Technology
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