Chemical denudation and the role of sulfide oxidation at Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard

Łukasz Stachnik; Elżbieta Majchrowska; Jacob C. Yde; Adam P. Nawrot; Katarzyna Cichała-Kamrowska; Dariusz Ignatiuk; Agnieszka Piechota

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.059

Chemical denudation and the role of sulfide oxidation at Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard

Abstract

This study aims to determine the rate of chemical denudation and the relationships between dominant geochemical reactions operating in the proglacial and subglacial environments of the polythermal glacier Werenskioldbreen (SW Svalbard) during an entire ablation season. Water sampling for major ion chemistry was performed at a proglacial hydrometric station and from subglacial outflows from May to September 2011. These data were combined with measurements of discharge and supraglacial ablation rates. Our findings also show that sulfide oxidation is a better indicator of the configuration of subglacial drainage systems than, for instance, Na+ and K+. In the proglacial area and in sub-artesian outflows, the ion associations represent sulfide oxidation but other processes such as ion exchange and dissolution of Ca and Mg efflorescent salts may also contribute to the solute variations. These processes may cause enhanced fluxes of Ca2+ and HCO3- from glacierized basins during the early ablation and peak flow seasons as the proglacial salts re-dissolve. The overall chemical denudation rate in the basin for 2011 (ranging from 1601 to 1762 meq m(-2) yr(-1) (121.9 to 132.2 t km(-2) yr(-1))) was very high when compared to other Svalbard valley glaciers suggesting that the high rate of chemical denudation was mostly caused by the high rates of discharge and ablation. Chemical weathering intensities (876 and 964 meq m(-3) yr(-1)) exceeded previously reported intensities in Svalbard.

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Authors (7)

Łukasz Stachnik
- Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej
Elżbieta Majchrowska
- Uniwersytet Śląski Centrum Studiów Polarnych
Jacob C. Yde
- Sogn og Fjordane University College
Adam P. Nawrot
- Polska Akademia Badań Warszawa Instytut Geografii
Katarzyna Cichała-Kamrowska
Dariusz Ignatiuk Dr
- Uniwersytet Śląski Centrum Studiów Polarnych
Agnieszka Piechota
- Uniwersytet Śląski Centrum Studiów Polarnych

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Category:: Articles
Type:: artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
Published in:: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY no. 538, pages 177 - 193,
ISSN: 0022-1694
Language:: English
Publication year:: 2016
Bibliographic description:: Stachnik Ł., Majchrowska E., Yde J., Nawrot A., Cichała-Kamrowska K., Ignatiuk D., Piechota A.: Chemical denudation and the role of sulfide oxidation at Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard// JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. -Vol. 538, (2016), s.177-193
DOI:: Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.059
Verified by:: Gdańsk University of Technology