Department of Economic Analysis and Finance - Administrative Units - Bridge of Knowledge

Your account

login

Search

Department of Economic Analysis and Finance

Open Research Data

Filters

total: 195

  • Year of publication
  • Discipline
  • Administrative Unit
  • Open model
  • Data source

clear Chosen catalog filters

Open Research Data

  • ETS prices 2008-2024
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is a carbon emission trading scheme (or cap and trade scheme) which began in 2005 and is intended to lower greenhouse gas emissions by the European Union countries. The "ETS prices 2008-2024" dataset contains a summary of ETS prices in 2008-2024.

  • RES - % share in Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The "RES in percentages" file shows the share of energy productionelectricity by source in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia in the years 2000 – 2022.

  • Energy Security of Polish Consumers in 2004-2021
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Energy security is one of the most important components of economic security. It is influenced not only by access to energy sources and the economic situation of the state and the individual consumer. In the years 2004–2021, energy security of the individual consumer in the economic dimension significantly improved. This was due to several factors:1....

  • COVID-19 tax response of selected European countries
    Open Research Data
    open access

    A large part of the aid mechanisms offered by individual European countries in connection with the outbreak of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic concerned the granting of the so-called tax preferences. It should be noted that a tax preference is any deviation from the adopted tax rules, resulting in a reduction of the final tax burden. The...

  • Entrepreneurs' intention to use tax relief
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The dataset presents the results of research conducted by the author among Polish entrepreneurs in 2017–2020. The diagnostic survey method was used to collect primary data among enterprises from the SME sector. The measurement instrument was a survey questionnaire developed by the author. This study is a key piece of research. The aim was to examine...

  • Poland’s energy dependence - economic context
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Poland does not have vast resources of non-renewable energy and no nuclear power plant, therefore the issue of the energy dependence of the state, which affects the level of energy security of the country, is an extremely important factor. It depends on both the volume of imports of energy raw materials and the policy of diversification of sources of...

  • Results of research on the SME sector in the context of applying tax reliefs
    Open Research Data
    open access

    This dataset presents the quantitative results of the survey conducted in the period June 2019 - April 2020. In total, 274 completed survey questionnaires were obtained.

  • Dataset of bibliometric data for a research study on tax research retrived from Web of Science.
    Open Research Data
    open access

    This dataset was created for the purpose of research study on taxation research. Analytical data come from the Web of Science (WoS) databases provided by Clarivate Analytics and was retrived in March 2021.

  • Upper corporate income tax rates CIT in EU countries (in%).
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2000, CIT rates were quite varied; in Ireland and Lithuania it was 24%, and in Germany it was nearly 52%. For all EU countries, the average CIT rate was at the level of 32%, but in the following years the rate decreased to reach the level of around 22.5%. The largest reductions in the CIT rate were introduced by Bulgaria and Germany. Particularly...

  • Income tax rates for special activities in Czech Republic
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The standard corporate income tax rate is 19%. Since 2015, the tax rates for special activities have changed as follows: the tax rate for pension funds is 0% (with some exemption); The tax regulations define a new so-called "Basic investment fund" and only that particular fund can benefit from the lower tax rate of 5%. Other mutual funds that do not...

  • Implied Tax Subsidy Rates for Research and Development Expenditure in European OECD Countries (2019)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The implied rate of tax credits, developed by the OECD, is one way to measure the extent of R&D tax credits based on spending in different countries. Tax credit rates are measured as the difference between one R&D investment unit and the pre-tax income required to earn commission from that investment unit, assuming the firm is representative....

  • Structure of the SME sector by economy sectors in Poland and the EU-28
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Eurostat data show that almost 75% of SMEs in Poland are trade and services, and every seventh enterprise conducts activities related to construction, and every eight - in industry. Comparing the industry structure of Polish companies with the structure of enterprises operating in EU countries, it should be noted that we are characterized by a greater...

  • IRAP tax differentiation in Italian Regions
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following table presents the widespread differentiation in the standard IRAP rates applied in the particular regions of Italy. The tax rates in the table have been updated to 2019 (Only Regions marked with "*" updated their tax rates to the 2020 tax period as of March 16, 2020).

  • Corporate income tax in Mexico (1981-1986)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following dataset contains information about Mexican corporate income tax. The presented data concerns the years 1981-1986.

  • Corporate tax rates (2000-2019) - Greece
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Over the past twenty years, Greece has changed the statutory corporate tax rate, which in 2000 was 40%. The 2008 tax reform provided for a gradual reduction of the rate by 1% annually over the period 2010-2014 (from 25% to 20%). This dataset contains data on CIT rates in Greece.

  • Tax rates for the payroll and profit tax for financial institutions Israel 2002-2015
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following dataset presents the historical tax rates for the payroll and profit tax paid by financial institutions (non-VAT taxation) in Israel.  The data presented in the dataset concerns 2002-2015. 

  • Share of gross value added by factors of production prices generated by the enterprise sector in Poland and in the EU countries in the GDP of individual countries
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Companies operating in the EU countries are characterized by a greater contribution to the creation of GDP than Polish enterprises. Discrepancies in shaping the described value also result from a different industry structure of companies. In other EU countries, more companies are involved in services, and in Poland, enterprises conducting commercial...

  • Cities that will obtain the highest revenues from PIT in 2021 per capita in thous. PLN
    Open Research Data
    open access

    An example of a tax that is proportionally divided between the state (government administration) and local governments is the personal income tax. The following dataset presents the income tax revenues to the central budget, as well as the cities that obtain the highest income from the above tribute. The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on the financial...

  • Cities that obtain the highest revenues from PIT in 2021 in PLN billion
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Tax issues play an important role in the economy of each country, its citizens and economic entities that operate on the market. Taxes are the main instrument of the state's influence on the economy, as they cover almost all natural and legal persons that operate on the market.

  • PIT revenues in 2012-2021 in PLN billion
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Taxes are the primary source of income for the state budget and local government units. Tax issues play an important role in the economy of each country, its citizens and economic entities that operate on the market. Taxes are the main instrument of the state's influence on the economy, as they cover almost all natural and legal persons operating on...

  • List of public benefit organizations that in 2020 received 1% of the tax due for 2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The possibility of transferring 1% of personal income tax was introduced by the Act on Public Benefit and Volunteer Work in 2003, and specific provisions specifying who and how can transfer 1% of tax are included in the Personal Income Tax Act. In order to be able to accept 1% of income tax, first of all, the organization (or other authorized entity)...

  • Budget revenues from selected taxes in 2010-2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The state is not only a user of the country's resources, a buyer and seller of goods and services, but also under duress takes part of the money from its citizens or entities that carry out activities in the form of taxes. The source of the majority of budget revenues are taxes. The following dataset contains the budget revenues from selected taxes...

  • The structure of the enterprise sector by size in Poland and the EU-28 in 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The majority (99.8%) of companies in the EU countries are micro, small and medium-sized enterprises - see chart. The situation is similar in Poland, but the structure of the SME sector is slightly different from that observed in the EU. In Poland, the share of micro-enterprises in the total number of enterprises is higher than in the EU countries (95.5%...

  • The number of enterprises in Poland and EU countries (in thousands) in 2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Enterprises from the SME sector constitute the majority of companies in Poland and in the European Union countries. However, the structure of domestic enterprises in terms of size and industry differs from the EU average. Taking into account the nature of the business in Poland, more companies operate in trade, and lower in services. However, it should...

  • Personal income tax - tax scales in 1992–2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The tax rate is the ratio (usually expressed as a percentage) at which a business or person is taxed. There are several methods used to present a tax rate: statory, average, marginal, and effective. These rates can also be presented using different definitions applied to a tax base: inclusive and exclusive.

  • Top personal income tax rates (PIT) in EU countries (in%).
    Open Research Data
    open access

    When analyzing the historical PIT rates, it should be noted that in 2000 the average rate was almost 45%. The highest income tax (approx. 60%) was imposed in Belgium, Denmark, as well as in the Netherlands and France. On the other hand, the lowest (25%) rates were recorded in Estonia and Latvia, which were not yet members of the European Union. In the...

  • Structure of FUS revenues after the first half of 2020
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2020 the fund received a subsidy from the state budget in the amount of PLN 20.1 billion, which constitutes 60.0% of the plan. At the same time, it should be mentioned that from 2019 the subsidy covers funds that in previous years were shown in the item reimbursement of contributions transferred to OFE. In addition, from May this year. The Social...

  • Revenue of social security contributions (in PLN billion)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In the period January-September 2020, the expenditure of the Social Insurance Fund amounted to PLN 197.1 billion, and the revenues from contributions and their derivatives - PLN 144.5 billion. As a result, the proceeds covered 73.3 percent. expenses. At that time, the fund received a subsidy from the budget in the amount of PLN 29.3 million.

  • Statement of FUS revenues and costs (in PLN thousand) in the first half of 2020
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In the period from January to June 2020. The fund's expenditure amounted to PLN 130.0 billion, while revenues from premiums and their derivatives amounted to PLN 92.2 billion. As a result, in the first half of this year, the degree of coverage of expenses with revenues from premiums and their derivatives amounted to. the level of 70.9 percent (a decrease...

  • Indicator of coverage of expenses with income from contributions in the Social Insurance Fund
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected the picture of the financial situation of the Social Insurance Fund. In the period from January to June this year. the fund's expenditure amounted to PLN 130.0 billion, while revenues from premiums and their derivatives amounted to PLN 92.2 billion. As a result, in the first half of this...

  • Total annual EU country support for tax credits and child benefits in EUR (2017)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The inhabitants of Luxembourg can count on the highest support, the smallest - only a dozen or so euros in Bulgaria. Considerable variation also occurs when we consider the help of general support measured in relation to the average salary. In this case, the highest rate is in France (13.7%), and the lowest, similarly to Bulgaria, (only 0.2%).

  • Possibility of joint settlement with the spouse / partner in individual EU countries (2017)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The method of avoiding tax progression known in Poland, consisting in settling income together with the spouse (and in certain cases also the child), the system of this specific relief is also present in other European Union countries such as: Belgium, Croatia, Estonia, Greece, Spain, the Netherlands, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Germany, Portugal, UK...

  • Discount for children deducted from tax in selected EU countries, available according to number of children criterion (in EUR) in 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    When analyzing the collected data, it should be indicated that the amount of tax preferences addressed to families with children varies widely and ranges from several hundred euro to even several tens of thousands of euro relief annually. The highest family allowances, calculated in absolute terms, are in Germany, and the lowest in Poland. All countries,...

  • Tax discount for children deducted from income in selected EU countries, available according to the criterion of the number of children (in EUR) in 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Despite the far-reaching harmonization of collection mechanisms and the amount of VAT and excise duty rates in the European Union, individual countries, as a rule, conduct individual income tax policies, including a system of reliefs and exemptions. It is worth noting that, as shown below, each European Union country uses at least one method of supporting...

  • Poverty rate in Poland in 2008-2016
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The poverty rate in Poland is also systematically falling. According to Eurostat statistics, poor households are considered to have incomes lower than 60% of the average household income in a given country.

  • Gini index in selected European Union countries in 2017.
    Open Research Data
    open access

    When assessing the level of poverty, one should use indicators presenting indicators of social inequality in terms of income, indicators of prosperity and poverty. In Poland, the situation in terms of inequality is improving, but as measured by the Gini coefficient.

  • The Gini index in Poland in 2008-2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    When assessing the level of poverty, one should use indicators presenting indicators of social inequality in terms of income, indicators of prosperity and poverty In Poland, the situation in terms of inequality is improving, but as measured by the Gini coefficient. The coefficient, which ranges from zero to one hundred percent, the higher it is, the...

  • Percentage of the working age population in selected EU countries in 2006 and 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The phenomenon of aging of the society, and thus changes in the structure of the share of population in pre- and post-working age, is typical for all European Union countries. The median age of the population in the European Union countries in 2001-2016 increased from 38.5 years to 43 years. This is the scale of the aging of the population (Median age...

  • The fertility rate (TFR) in Poland in the period 1955-2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The fertility rate has dropped 2.5 times over the last 60 years. Immediately after the baby boom in the first half of the 1980s, many generations of women born in the second half of the 1970s, an increase in the number of births from the mid-1990s, were expected as a result of entering the age of the highest fertility age in Poland. which lasted until...

  • The fertility rate (TFR) in selected EU countries in 2015
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The main reasons for the negative consequences of demographic changes are: natural increase in the life span of the population, decline in fertility and emigration of unusual dimensions.

  • Percentage of the population over 65 in selected EU countries in 2006 and 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Until the mid-1980s, Poland belonged to the group of countries with a high dynamics of population growth, reaching 0.9% annually. The average value of the population growth dynamics in the 1980s was 0.66%. From the beginning of this century, the growth rate has taken negative values ​​and in the years 2000-2014 it amounted to an annual average of -0.03%.

  • Summary index of innovations for Poland, Germany and the EU average in 2008-2012
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2013, PoƖska became one of the so-called "modest innovators".The table illustrates changes in the innovativeness of the countries in question using the SII indicator.

  • Share of gross value added by factors of production prices generated by the enterprise sector in Poland and in the EU countries in the GDP of individual countries
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Companies operating in the EU countries are characterized by a greater contribution to the creation of GDP than Polish enterprises. Discrepancies in shaping the described value also result from a different industry structure of companies. In other EU countries, more companies are involved in services, and in Poland, enterprises conducting commercial...

  • The structure of electricity production in Poland (data as at the end of 2010)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The energy market in Poland is characterized primarily by the use of only one raw material for the production of electricity. In 2010, as much as 91.4% of electricity was produced on the basis of hard coal or lignite. Therefore, the remaining sources used for the production of electricity participated in the production of electricity to a small extent....

  • Countries with the highest and the lowest electricity consumption per capita in 1998, kWh / c
    Open Research Data
    open access

    For several years, domestic electricity consumption has been growing (the average annual growth rate of electricity consumption for 2005-2010 is 2.75%). The increase in demand for electricity is related to the continuous development of the Polish economy, the enrichment of society and the growing, year by year, industrial production. It should be noted...

  • Net electricity production by fuel (2006-2030)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    This dataset presents the current structure of electricity sources and a forecast of the share of individual fuels in electricity production in Poland until 2030. First of all, it should be noted the constantly growing supply of electricity. It is related to the continuous economic development, increasing consumption both by enterprises and households.

  • Gross final energy demand from RES, broken down by type of energy
    Open Research Data
    open access

    According to the forecasts of the Ministry of Economy, taking into account the macroeconomic situation and legal conditions (including the EU Program "20x20x20", the Act on Renewable Energy Sources and the Energy Efficiency Act), power plants producing energy based on renewable energy will gain in importance in the coming years. energy sources.

  • Forecast of basic fuel prices in imports to Poland (constant prices in USD in 2007)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    This dataset presents price growth forecasts for conventional energy sources. It should be noted that the Ministry of Economy forecasts a more than two-fold increase in oil prices (although these forecasts may be greatly underestimated) over 23 years, an almost two-fold increase in natural gas prices and a 40% increase in coal prices.

  • Relation of expenditure on Research and Development to GDP in EU countries (2009-2012)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The presented dataset shows that most countries increased their R&D spending - 16 of those 26 members of the European Union for which Eurostat has complete data did so. This also translated into the average ratio for the entire Community, in 2012 it amounted to 2.06% of GDP compared to 2.01% in 2009. The most severely limited their expenses were...

  • Share of enterprises' expenditure in total R&D expenditure (2009-2011)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The countries with the highest share of enterprises in R&D expenditure are: Finåandia (67%), Germany (65.6%) and Slovenia (61.2%). On the opposite pole are Cyprus (11%), Bulgaria (16.9%) and Latvia (24.8%). The average result for the Member States in 2011 was 54.9%. It is worth noting that the countries that significantly increased the ratio of...

  • Comparison of Poland, Germany and the European average using the components of the summary innovation index
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The analysis presents a comparison of the innovation policies of Poland and Germany using all the indicators included in the Summary Innovation Index (SII), then the obtained results were analyzed and conclusions were formulated.The indicators are divided into three main categories, each group of indicators shows a different aspect of the innovativeness...

  • Number of tax returns filed by taxpayers obtaining income taxed with a lump sum on income recorded according to sources of income 2011-2015
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Taxpayers engaged in non-agricultural business activities benefiting from taxation in the form of a lump sum on recorded income, are required to have and store proofs of purchase of goods, keep a list of fixed assets and intangible assets, records of equipment and, separately for each tax year, a record of revenues. The obligation to keep records of...

  • Employment structure in individual enterprises in Poland in 2010-2014
    Open Research Data
    open access

    It is worth mentioning the role of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in the labor market. The above-mentioned entities employ in total nearly 70% of all employees who work in the corporate sector. Micro enterprises play a decisive role in this respect, accounting for nearly 40% of all employees.Comparing the data contained in the table below...

  • Income obtained according to particular rates only by taxpayers conducting non-agricultural business activity 2015
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Taxation in the form of a lump sum on recorded revenues does not apply to certain types of activity, regardless of their size. We are talking about taxpayers who achieve revenue in whole or in part, among others from on account of running pharmacies, activities in the field of buying and selling foreign exchange values, activities in the field of trade...

  • Share of gross value added generated by enterprises in GDP
    Open Research Data
    open access

    After Poland joined the group of countries associated in the European Union and through participation in numerous economic and political organizations (including the World Trade Organization, OECD), as well as the commencement of trade exchange with virtually all countries of the world, Polish entrepreneurs and managers struggle with completely problems...

  • Share of family enterprises in generating GDP in individual sections 2009
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Family businesses constitute a significant part of the Polish economy and the vast majority of enterprises within the SME sector. They have always existed on the Polish market, but the political situation meant that their real revival is related to the political changes of 1989. These companies are of particular importance in contributing to the formation...

  • Share of people working in the enterprise sector by ownership sector at the end of 2016 (%).
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The dynamic development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which was observed in the past century - in particular in the past two decades - is the phenomenon of the development of the world economy intriguing many researchers and research centers. These figures present the share of workforce according to the ownership sector at the end of 2016.

  • Difficulties in financing innovation - research results
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The SME sector determines the strength of the Polish economy, still faces many barriers in running a business, they can be social and market barriers, for example: financial barriers, low employee mobility, or limited access to financing sources: legal barriers that result from economic policy difficult for the sector, or conservative economic policy.

  • Personal income tax - tax scales in 1992–2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Personal income tax in Poland is regulated by the Act of July 26, 1991. In addition, the rights and obligations of the taxpayer of this tax result from a number of provisions of the Polish Constitution, many statutes and ratified international agreements and executive regulations. This research data contains information on the amount of tax in Poland...

  • The number of enterprises in Poland and EU countries (in thousands) in 2019
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Enterprises from the SME sector constitute the majority of companies in Poland and in the European Union countries. However, the structure of domestic enterprises in terms of size and industry differs from the EU average. The following dataset contains the number of enterprises in Poland and EU countries (in thousands) in 2019.

  • The structure of the enterprise sector by size in Poland and the EU-28 in 2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Enterprises from the SME sector constitute the majority of companies in Poland and in the European Union countries. However, the structure of domestic enterprises in terms of size and industry differs from the EU average. Taking into account the nature of the business in Poland, more companies operate in trade, and lower in services. However, it should...

  • Poland – Iran trade turnover annually in 2009-2014 (millions of USD)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2014, Polish exports to Iran was worth of 34.9 million EUR and imports 22.4 million (the trade turnover exceeded 57 million EUR). Year 2015 did not bring recovery in economic relations - the value of trade exchange exceeded only EUR 60 million. In comparison to 2011 when the total value of bilateral trade reached EUR 167 million. 

  • Total Goods: EU Trade flows and balance with Iran, 2005-2015 (in millions of USD).
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following dataset shows the volume of trade of the European Union countries with Iran. One can observe a significant drop in both imports and exports (the year 2012 meant tightening of sanctions, which clearly limited the import of Iranian products to the EU). After lifting the sanctions it is expected to substantially increase the level of trade...

  • Top 10 Iran Import Goods in 2011
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following dataset shows the volume of trade of the European Union countries with Iran. One can observe a significant drop in both imports and exports (the year 2012 meant tightening of sanctions, which clearly limited the import of Iranian products to the EU). After lifting the sanctions it is expected to substantially increase the level of trade...

  • Top 10 Iran Export Goods in 2011
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In the structure of Iranian exports the dominant position are different types of fuel (including chemical industry products). The structure of imports is much more fragmented. Positions worth of consideration are machinery and equipment, steel, vehicles parts, cereals and food.

  • Top 10 Iran Import Partners in 2011
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The leader in the supply of goods and services to Iran are the United Arab Emirates. As many as 32% of the total value of imports to Iran comes from this country. This was followed by China, South Korea and Germany. These four largest countries supplied  goods to Iran of nearly 72% of the total value of imports. 

  • Inflation rate (In percentage) in Iran
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Currently, a major concern of the Iranian economy is high inflation. Increasing prices of basic goods, and their increase in wages do not follow. At the same time the unemployment rate has raised. The following data set present the inflation rate between 2010-2020 (forecast).

  • GDP growth in Iran
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the fastest growing in the Middle East. Iran should not only be associated with crude oil industry but also other areas of the economy. The sanctions that hindered oil exports from Iran meant that the authorities had to take measures to increase exports of other products. There was an increase in...

  • Top 10 Iran Export Partners in 2011
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Lifting of Iranian sanctions could lead to a rapid improvement in the economic situation of Iran. This will not only remove the barriers of international transactions, but also enable the investments of foreign entities on the territory of Iran, increasing the competitiveness of operators, including in the key mining sector.

  • IRR (Irianian Rial) in comparison to the USD (IRR/USD)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Current problem of the Iranian economy is unstable exchange rate of Iranian currency Rial (IRR) to the US dollar (USD). Exchange rate was maintained at about 10-12 thousand IRR for 1 USD. However, the impact of sanctions depreciated Rial dramatically. In July 2013, the price of IRR has been reduced from 12 200 to 24 980 IRR/USD. At the same time, the...

  • Number of registered BEV and PHEV vehicles in 2011-2016 (in thousands)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    There are three main types of vehicles that are generally regarded as an electric car. These include:

  • List of administrative and tax preferences for electric vehicles owners in selected European countries
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Current mechanisms for supporting electric vehicle owners are both economic (in the form of tax reliefs and direct subsidies) as well as administrative and legal. Examples from countries that have opted for different types of incentives present that they have leaded to increased demand for such vehicles. The following dataset is a summary list, including...

  • The share of BEV and PHEV in total number of registered vehicles (%) 2011-2016
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2016, the highest percentage of electric vehicles among all passenger automobiles was recorded in Norway - about 28% (it should be noted that in 5 years the number of electric cars in this country increased from 5 thousand to 133 thousand). However, the remaining countries in the ranking note a much smaller share of sales of electric vehicles in...

  • Mechanisms for supporting electric vehicle purchasers in selected European countries in 2011-2016
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The European authorities have not developed a single common preference model for electric car buyers within the Union. Different countries have decided on different solutions. The following dataset presents mechanisms for supporting electric vehicle purchasers in selected European countries in years 2011-2016, including both economical (in the form...

  • Income obtained according to particular rates only by taxpayers conducting non-agricultural business activity in 2016
    Open Research Data
    open access

    A special form of income taxation addressed to the SME sector is the Lump sum on registered income, which is a simplified form of income tax payment for natural persons conducting business activity.The choice of this form of taxation is optional. In 2016, the tax in this form could be paid by taxpayers who in 2015 obtained income from non-agricultural...

  • Annual growth of House price index in European Union in 2006-2017
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The financial crisis of 2008 has caused a number of changes in the investment of both companies and individuals. One of the widely invested assets became the real estate market. The decline in real estate prices was noted in 2009 and 2012-2014. The highest decrease in property prices was indicated in Bulgaria, Ireland, Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia and...

  • The number of active enterprises in Poland in 1997-2014
    Open Research Data
    open access

    After Poland joined the group of countries associated in the European Union and through participation in numerous economic and political organizations (including the World Trade Organization, OECD), as well as the commencement of trade exchange with virtually all countries of the world, Polish entrepreneurs and managers struggle with completely problems...

  • Stages of development of payment cards in Poland
    Open Research Data
    open access

    An important stage in the development of the Polish card market was the commencement of the card and check center of Bank Pekao SA in 1992, which became a professional technical background for the widespread issuance of bank cards. At the same year PolCard SA, became the first agent in the country, launched its own terminals for payment intermediation...

  • Distribution of population by tenure status, 2015 (% of population)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Factor affecting the attractiveness of property market in terms of investment, especially of housing, is the ratio of the number of dwellings owned by the population .In 2015, more than a quarter (26.9%) of the EU population lived in their own housing with credit or mortgages, while over 42% occupied their own residential units without credit or mortgages....

  • Number of tax returns filed by taxpayers who obtain income taxed with a lump sum on income recorded according to sources of income (2011-2015)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Taxpayers engaged in non-agricultural business activities benefiting from taxation in the form of a lump sum on recorded income, are required to have and store proofs of purchase of goods, keep a list of fixed assets and intangible assets, records of equipment and, separately for each tax year, a record of revenues. The obligation to keep records of...

  • Employment structure by enterprise size in Poland in 2010-2014
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises employ in total nearly 70% of all employees working in the corporate sector. Micro enterprises play a decisive role in this respect, accounting for nearly 40% of all employees. This dataset contains data showing the structure of the number of employees in enterprises in 2010-2014.

  • Division of enterprises in the creation of Poland's GDP in the years 2004 - 2013
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The share of the SME sector in generating GDP is growing every year. Currently, all enterprises account for 73.5% of GDP. In 2004, this level was 70.5%. Bearing in mind the above, it is important to note the important role of both the entire enterprise sector in the role of the entire national economy and the micro-enterprise sector. As already mentioned,...

  • The number of enterprises in Poland and selected EU countries in 2012
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2012, Poland was sixth in the ranking of the number of enterprises in selected European Union countries. In total, 22 million companies conduct business in the countries of the Community. However, when analyzing these values in relative numbers (calculated as the number of enterprises per 1000 inhabitants), Poland ranks only 22nd among the Member...

  • WIG rate of return histogram and normal distribution curve
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The conducted market analysis covered the period of stock exchange quotations from the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2019 (04/01/2010 - 30/12/2019). Daily data was used, in the form of closing prices of indices operating on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. In order to obtain a complete and generalized picture of the market, the quotations of 4 indices were...

  • Proceeds from value added tax to the state budget as a percentage of the revenues (2010-2014)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    From 1 January 2011, there was a general increase in the rates of tax on goods and services. According to the assumptions, it was temporary, and the amended regulations were to apply until the end of 2013. However, due to government policy, the rate hike was maintained. The changes introduced in 2010 concerned the basic and reduced rates - they were...

  • Revenues from the sale of books in Poland (2009-2013)
    Open Research Data
    open access

      According to the report "The book market in Poland 2014, the Library of Analysis", nearly 40,000 publishers were registered in Poland until mid-2013, of which it is estimated that only about 2,000-2,500 were active as publishers. According to the estimates of the authors of the Report, the value of the Polish book market in 2013 amounted to PLN 2.68...

  • Average price of a book in Poland (2010-2013)
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Although the Central Statistical Office does not provide detailed data on the growth rate of book prices, the overall comparison, which includes books, newspapers, magazines as well as drawing and painting articles, shows that the average annual price increase in 2011 amounted to 3.3% in this category. Moreover, as noted, the changes to the VAT Act...

  • VAT rates in particular member states of the European Union in 2015
    Open Research Data
    open access

    Under European Union law, the minimum standard rate of VAT that Member States can apply is 15%. An upper limit has not been specified. Despite attempts to harmonize the value added tax rates, the range of tax rates applied between countries is large. Currently, Luxembourg uses the lowest standard rate (15%), and Hungary uses the highest (27%). Due to...

  • Number of statements issued about the intention to entrust the performance of work and the dynamics of change (%, year to year) in 2008-2018
    Open Research Data
    open access

    When analyzing data on declarations of intention to entrust work to a foreigner, whose registration was completed at the end of 2017, with data on declarations on entrusting work to a foreigner, effective from 01/01/2018, it should noted that since 2018 the scope of data regarding statements. Currently they apply only to works that are not considered...

  • Comparison of the number of foreigners registered for retirement and disability pension insurance - at the end of the year
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The increase in the number of foreigners registered for retirement and disability insurance was characterized by the highest dynamics in the case of non-EU migrants, in particular Ukrainian citizens (26-time increase in the period 2008-2018; impressive nominal growth from 16.2 to 420.7 thousand economic migrants) and Georgia (a 37-time increase). Also...

  • Number of foreigners registered for pension and disability insurance by citizenship - at the end of the year
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The data from the Central Register of Insureds indicate that the number of individuals who were subject to retirement and disability insurance and who had citizenship other than Polish increased from 65,000 in December 2008 to nearly 570 thousand in December 2018 (table 4 and figure 4). This means a nearly 9-time increase, while the number of foreigners...

  • Number of seasonal work permits issued in 2018
    Open Research Data
    open access

    In 2018, a total of 121,436 seasonal work permits were issued, the vast majority of which were granted to Ukrainian citizens. The following dataset shows the countries from which citizens have been issued the most permits.

  • Structure of foreigners registered for retirement and disability pension insurance by citizenship (%) - at the end of the year
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The structure of foreigners registered for insurance, divided by citizenship, changed dynamically. The share of foreigners from the EU regularly decreases (from 25.1% in December 2008 to 6.3% in December 2018), while the share of foreigners from outside the EU is steadily growing (from 74.9% in December 2008 to 93.7% in December 2018). The largest changes...

  • Changes in the structure of foreigners registered for retirement and disability pension insurance by citizenship (%) - as at the end of the year
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The analysis of employment of foreigners carried out by the National Labor Inspectorate showed that on the basis of a contract for specific work in 2014, 15% of foreigners subjected to control were employed (as much as 65% in the agricultural sector). It is worth emphasizing that employing foreigners on the basis of specific work contracts is not justified...

  • Number of work permits issued in 2008-2018 by migrant's country of origin
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The scale of the influx of economic migrants to Poland can be proved by data referring to documents enabling legal work, including work permits. In 2018, the most frequently applied for work permit for citizens of eight countries presented in the dataset. The table contains data on the number of permits issued in the years 2008-2018. 

  • The number of work permits issued (in thousands) and the dynamics of changes (%, year on year) in 2008-2018
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The number of work permits issued increased from 18,000 in 2008 to nearly 329 thousand in 2018, i.e. by 18 times. The largest increases in nominal terms occurred in 2015-2018, noting a change from 66 thousand in 2015, up to 127 thousand in 2016, 236,000 in 2017 and 329 thousand in 2018. The number of permits issued (in thousands) and the dynamics of...

  • Proportion of work permits issued to citizens of Ukraine, Nepal and Belarus in total permits issued in 2008-2018
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The number of work permits issued increased from 18,000 in 2008 to nearly 329 thousand in 2018, i.e. by 18 times. The largest increases in nominal terms occurred in 2015-2018, noting a change from 66 thousand in 2015, up to 127 thousand in 2016, 236,000 in 2017 and 329 thousand in 2018. So far the most work permits were received by Ukrainian citizens....

  • Number of statements issued regarding the intention to entrust the performance of work in 2008-2018, broken down by country of origin of migrants
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The declaration of the intention to entrust work (applicable in the years 2007-2017) and the declaration of entrustment of work (applicable since 2018) are instruments for legalizing the work of foreigners in Poland, which by the ease of meeting the procedural requirements are by far the most popular among economic migrants and their employers. 

  • Parameters and statistics of models made for selected companies of the Warsaw Stock Exchange
    Open Research Data
    open access

    For the WIG, WIG20 and mWIG40 indices, no day, week or month statistically differs from the average level of the index, which indicates no anomalies. The situation is different only for the index of small companies. In the case of sWIG80, the mean values on Friday, week 5 and 6, and during January, February and June were statistically different at the...

  • Ljung-Box test values of selected companies of the Warsaw Stock Exchange
    Open Research Data
    open access

    The following dataset includes the Warsaw Stock Exchange market analysis using the Ljung-Box test. Partial autocorrelations up to the 5th order were analyzed, because it will allow to observe the relationship within one week of stock exchange quotations. In the case of the WIG index, the 1st and 2nd order correlation turned out to be statistically significant....