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total: 144
Catalog Journals
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Multidimensional GIS for satellite imagery analysis
PublicationMultidimensional Geographical Information System allows storing, querying and processing of multidimensional query data. It is able to process satellite imagery and provide tools for its analysis. In the article authors present the developed system that analyzes a time series of SENTINEL - 1 mission satellite imagery acquired over the coast of Poland. The algorithm used finds and detects changes in the shape...
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RADIATION OF HIGH INTENSITY SOUND BY CIRCULAR DISC BY MEANS OF THE NUMERICAL METHOD
PublicationThe main goal of this paper is to find sound pressure distribution radiated by the circular piezoelectric disc that vibrates with the finite amplitude. There has been presented the pressure distribution close to the radiating surface. Also it is shown the sound pressure distribution in the 3D form. The mathematic modeling was carried out on the base of the nonlinear acoustic equation with the proper boundary condition. The axial...
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INVESTIGATION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENT STRATIFICATION
PublicationThe main goal of this paper is to find a method to assess remotely the type of sediments on the basis of the signal received using the parametric echosounder. The images of the sea bottom sediments taken by a parametric echosounder show the fine structure of the upper layer of the bottom sediments. The depth of penetration depends on the type of sediment, in fact on the attenuation of acoustic wave. In the paper the method of distinguishing...
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Ultrawideband transmission in physical channels: a broadband interference view
PublicationThe superposition of multipath components (MPC) of an emitted wave, formed by reflections from limiting surfaces and obstacles in the propagation area, strongly affects communication signals. In the case of modern wideband systems, the effect should be seen as a broadband counterpart of classical interference which is the cause of fading in narrowband systems. This paper shows that in wideband communications, the time- and frequency-domain...
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The Doppler effect in a bistatic system for determining the position of moving targets
PublicationThe article presents the theoretical analysis and the results of numerical calculations of the Doppler effect it occurs in a system designed to determine the position and speed of a moving target. The transmitter is the source of the signal and it emits a sinusoidal, acoustic and continuous wave. Signal reflected off a moving target is received by four hydrophones. Based on the signals, four Doppler shifts are determined and inserted...
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Reliable underwater communication system for shallow coastal waters
PublicationThis paper presents a reliable and robust low data rate spread spectrum approach which is implemented in the acoustic underwater communication system for shallow coastal waters. It shows operation assumptions of spread spectrum techniques based on the wellknown Shannon equation. It describes two methods of spread spectrum: frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum; their block diagram and their characteristics...
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The hydrodynamic pressure field of the ship Zodiak, measurements and calculations
PublicationThe article presents the results of measurements of the slowly changing hydrodynamic pressure field HPF generated by the movement of the ship, Zodiak, in the Bay of Gdansk. The measurement results have been obtained in the framework of the program of the work in Siramis, under the auspices of the European Defence Administration of the EU, by the research team of the Naval Academy in Gdynia. The measurement results were compared with...
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Modelling of acoustic backscattering by southern Baltic herring
PublicationAssessment of Baltic herring abundance can be carried out using acoustic techniques. Analysis of the relationship between the Baltic herring individual target strength, TS, and the total fish length, L, important for the acoustic assessment, showed the relationship to be dependent on the location of the study area. This finding motivated a detailed analysis of the relationship for the herring occurring in the southern Baltic...
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Study of swimbladder morphometry of Baltic herring and sprat (development of measurement methodology)
PublicationEffective management of Baltic clupeids, which are valuable commercially and ecologically,requires the biomass control. The acoustical techniques are recognized as effective in fishstock assessment. The study of Baltic herring and sprat individual backscatteringcharacteristics is required for the accurate biomass estimation using acoustical techniques.The previous measurements demonstrated significant...
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On the acoustic backscattering by Baltic herring and sprat
PublicationAccurate abundance estimate of Baltic clupeids, herring and sprat, is required for theirsustainable exploitation. The understanding the sound backscattering of individual fish isimportant for employing the acoustical techniques, which are widely used in the estimation.The previous studies demonstrated that the improvement of the understanding is critical forthe Baltic herring and sprat. It was the main...
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Backscattering properties of southern Baltic herring
PublicationReliable TS(L) relationship is required to improve acoustic algorithms of abundanceestimation of Baltic herring. The relationships, empirically obtained in different parts of theBaltic Sea, produce up to 8 dB – difference in the herring TS. In order to develop an accurateTS(L) relationship, it is important to analyze factors controlling the TS variability. Thepossible impact of the regional difference...
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Reconstruction Methods for 3D Underwater Objects Using Point Cloud Data
PublicationExisting methods for visualizing underwater objects in three dimensions are usually based on displaying the imaged objects either as unorganised point sets or in the form of edges connecting the points in a trivial way. To allow the researcher to recognise more details and characteristic features of an investigated object, the visualization quality may be improved by transforming the unordered point clouds into higher order structures....
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Tracking of the broadband source of the underwater noise in the very shallow water conditions
PublicationThe paper contains the result s, both theoretical and experimental , connected with the tracking of the underwater noise source as small ships, pontoon , diver and so on. The pro blem of security in the shallow water area is the challenge for underwater acousticians. In this paper there is take n into account the detection of the sources that move on the surface of the sea or underwater in shallow...
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Modeling of the finite amplitude plane wave propagation in non-dissipative medium
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki analizy teoretycznej zagadnienia propagacji fali płaskiej o skończonej amplitudzie w ośrodku wodnym bez dyssypacji. Przedstawiono model matematyczny i przykładowe wyniki obliczeń numerycznych. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o jednowymiarowe równania mechaniki płynów. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Analizowano zmiany ciśnienia i zmiany widma. Badano zbieżność i dokładność...
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Acoustic signal processing in passive sonar system with towed array
PublicationW referacie opisano przetwarzanie sygnałów akustycznych w pasywnym systemie hydrolokacyjnym. W pojęciu ''przetwarzanie sygnałów akustycznych'' mieszczą się wszelkie operacje wykonywane na sygnałach analogowych tj. wzmacnianie, filtracja i próbkowanie, jak również operacje na sygnałach cyfrowych uzyskanych w procesie próbkowania. Do operacji cyfrowych wykonywanych w systemie zalicza się synchronizację, konwersję, sortowanie, wytwarzanie...
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Compression algorithms for multibeam sonar records
PublicationJednym z najczęściej używanych urządzeń służących do szeroko rozumianego telemonitoringu morskiego są sonary wielowiązkowe (ang. Multibeam systems MBS). Ich wysoka wydajność w tworzeniu informacji o obiektach znajdujących się pod wodą skutkuje w dużych ilościach danych pozyskiwanych podczas rejsów badawczych i pomiarowych. W tym kontekście, proces przechowywania i zarządzania takim magazynem danych staje się istotnym problemem...
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Using multibeam echoes in seafloor characterisation and classification
PublicationThe method of seabed identification and classification from multibeam sonar echoes is presented. The proposed approach is based on calculation of a set of parameters of an echo envelope, similarly as in seafloor classification using single beam echosounder. These parameters are extracted for each consecutive beam allowing the estimation of their dependence on the seafloor incident angle. The relation between seabed type and calculated...
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Selected results of the parametric sounding of the Gdansk Bay
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodykę i wyniki sondowania dna Zatoki Gdańskiej echosondą parametryczną.
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Method for improving multibeam sonar bearing accuracy
PublicationPrzedstawiono prostą metodę poprawy dokładności namiarów w sonarach wielowiązkowych. Zasada zaproponowanej metoda jest zbliżona do metody monopulsowej stosowanej powszechnie w radarach i sonarach. Nie wymaga jednak ręcznego lub automatycznego obracania wiązek, co wydatnie zmniejsza potrzebne nakłady obliczeniowe procesorów sonaru Stosowanie metody daje znaczne zmniejszenie błędów namiarów przy względnie dużym wyjściowym stosunku...
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An experimental study on transducer for the dds technology demonstrator
PublicationPrzedmiotem artykułu jest cylindryczny wieloelementowy przetwornik ultradźwiękowy wykonany w technologii DDS - demonstratora. Opisane zostały własności szerokopasmowego promieniowania przetwornika którego elementy zostały wykonane z piezokompozytowego materiału. W artykule zamieszczono wyniki badań wycinka próbnego - wykonanego z trzech elementów piezokompozytowych.
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Geographic information system for remote integration of diverse under-water acoustic sensor data
PublicationMaritime and port areas throughout the world are exposed to many different hazards, like pollution, terrorism and natural disasters. Early detection, identification and preparation of appropriateesponse strategies is especially important in the case of semi-enclosed basins like the Baltic Sea, mainly due to the marine ecosystems' continuous absorption of pollutants including oil, heavy metals and chemicals. Many of those agents...
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Seafloor classification using multibeam sonar
Publication...
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Workstation for training asw helicopter navigators and analysis real flight data
PublicationW artykule opisane zostało stanowisko szkoleniowo-diagnostyczne i analizy danych skonstruowane z przeznaczeniem dla nawigatorów śmigłowców ASW eksploatowanych w polskiej Marynarce Wojennej i zainstalowane w bazie śmigłowców. Umożliwia ono prowadzanie szkoleń i treningów w zakresie eksploatacji oraz wykonywanie analiz informacji zebranych przez nawigatorów podczas lotów z pokładowego sonaru ASW, odbiornika sygnałów z sonoboi i...
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Bearing errors passive sonar stationary target location
PublicationPrzedstawiono metodę wyznaczania współrzędnych nieruchomego celu na podstawie namiarów wykonywanych w sonarze pasywnym. Określono wymagania odnośnie ruchu sonaru, przy których błędy wyznaczania współrzędnych są minimalne. Podano zależności umożliwiające analityczne wyznaczanie błędów współrzędnych. Poprawność wyników analizy potwierdzono eksperymentami numerycznymi.
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Methods of data extraction from sub-bottom profiler's signal
PublicationData obtain during sounding Gdansk Bay with SES-2000 Standard parametric sub-bottom profiler has two types of information: envelope and pure signal. First is used to plot echograms in real time and contain envelope of echo. The second one is stored during sounding and can be processed after recording data. Comparison of results will be shown and discussed. First step in investigation was proper configuration of small measurement...
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Broadband LFM signal source for a module-based diver detection sonar
PublicationPraca przedstawia koncepcję źródła impulsów sondujących sonaru DDS, dla pogrupowanych po stronie nadawczej elementarnych sekcji przetwornika w moduły 8 lub 16 elementowe. Na podstawie oszacowania teoretycznego i pomiarów czwórnikowych określono potrzebną moc wyjściową i topologię tych nadajników. Przedstawione są też uzyskane na drodze pomiarów charakterystyki częstotliwościowe modułów przetwornika, razem z zastosowanym układem...
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Using wavelet techniques for multibeam sonar bathymetry data compression
PublicationMultibeam sonars are widely used in applications like high resolution bathymetry measurements or underwater object imaging. One of the significant problems in multibeam sensing of the marine environment is large amount of data which must be transmitted from the sonar processing unit to an operator station using a limited bit rate channel. For instance, such a situation would be in the case when the multibeam sonar was mounted on...
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Composition of data visualizations by sub-bottom profiler and multibeam echosounder in Matlab
PublicationThis paper contains description of procedure, which was elaborated in a numerical computing environment Matlab. The result of these procedures is a graphical composition of images obtained from two different hydroacoustic devices. It enables to compare different types of visualizations for the same geographical position and simultaneous work with graphical representation of all data types.
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Pressure field in a plane layer
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki badań teoretycznych i numerycznych zagadnienia przejścia fal płaskich przez warstwę. Omówiono zagadnienie tworzenia i rozchodzenia się fal w poszczególnych warstwach. Zaproponowano model matematyczny opisujący zmiany ciśnienia wewnątrz warstwy. Analizowano ciśnienie wewnątrz warstwy, fale bieżące i odbite wewnątrz warstwy oraz w ośrodku otaczającym. Przedstawiono wyniki badań numerycznych.
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Seafloor characterisation using multibeam sonar echo signal processing and image analysis
PublicationThe authors propose the approach to multibeam seafloor characterisation which relies on the combined, concurrent use of two different techniques of multibeam sonar data processing. The first one is based on constructing the grey-level sonar images of seabed using the echoes received in the consecutive beams. Then, the parameters describing the local region of sonar image, namely, the local standard deviation of a grey level, and...
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The calculation long-term physical field created by water flow around the ship
PublicationThe paper presents a description of the problems with fluid flow around a ship. Using the described solution of the problem were performed numerical calculations using the boundary element method. Were also presented preliminary results of the calculation of pressure fields at the bottom of the ship, taking into account the impact of the bottom.
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Visualisation forms in MCM Side Scan Sonar
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy organizacji zobrazowań na monitorach zmodernizowanych w Katedrze Systemów Elektroniki Morskiej a przeznaczonych do poszukiwania min sonarów bocznych z holowanymi nośnikami anten. We wprowadzeniu opisano strukturę takiego sonaru oraz sposób pozyskiwania i charakter odbieranych sygnałów jako podstawę organizowania zobrazowań efektów nasłuchu. Dalej opisano inne czynniki wpływające na organizację obrazów na monitorach...
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3D seafloor reconstruction using data from side scan and synthetic aperture sonar
PublicationSide scan and synthetic aperture sonars are widely used imaging systems in the underwater environment. They are relatively cheap and easy to deploy, in comparison with more powerful sensors, like multibeam echosounders. Although side scan and synthetic aperture sonars does not provide seafloor bathymetry directly, their records are finally related to seafloor images. Moreover, the analysis of such images performed by human eye...
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Modernization of ASW Sonar SQS-56 at Gdańsk University of Technology
PublicationKatedra Systemów Elektroniki Morskiej Politechniki Gdańskiej w latach 2008-2010 wykonała modernizację podkilowego sonaru do poszukiwania okrętów podwodnych SQS-56. Jest to sonar wyprodukowany w USA i zainstalowany na fregacie ORP Kościuszko. W ramach modernizacji zastosowano nowe szerokopasmowe impulsy sondujące z hiperboliczną modulacją częstotliwości generowanye w wielokanałowym nadajniku sterowanym mikroprocesorowo. Po stronie...
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Doppler estimation method for moving target location
PublicationArtykuł opisuje nowy algorytm lokalizacji obiektów ruchomych bazujących na analizie odchyłek dopplerowskich sygnałów odebranych z sieci hydrofonów rozmieszczonych równomiernie w obserwowanym akwenie. Źródłem analizowanych sygnałów są fale ciągłe o niskim natężeniu odbite od obiektu ruchomego. W artykule została przedstawiona postać algorytmu oraz wyniki symulacji komputerowych.
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A spice equivalent circuit for modeling the performance of dual frequency echo-sounder
PublicationThe paper presents novel network equivalent circuit of piezoceramic circular disc transducers that takes into account thickness and radial mode of vibrations. The starting point of the analysis is 4-port description of circular disc element representing the solution of wave equation set in radial and thickness directions. The approximate solution for harmonic case is represented in the form of 4x4 matrix, which is synthesised and...
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Using phase of short-term Fourier transform for evaluation of spectrogram performance
PublicationThe concept of spectrogram performance evaluation which exploits information on phase of short-term Fourier transform (STFT) is presented. A spectrograph which is time-frequency analyzing tool, is compared to a filter bank that demultiplexes a signal. Local group delay (LGD) and channelized instantaneous frequency (CIF) is obtained for each filtered component signal. In presented solution the performance is evaluated using so-called...
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Unusual streaming in chemically reacting gases
PublicationNonlinear stimulation of the vorticity mode caused by losses in the momentum of sound in the chemically reacting gas, is considered. The instantaneous dynamic equation which describes the nonlinear generation of the vorticity mode, is derived. It includes a quadratic nonlinear acoustic source. Both periodic and aperiodic sound may be considered as the origin of the vorticity flow. In the non-equilibrium regime of the chemical reaction,...
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Efficiency of acoustic heating in the Maxwell fluid
PublicationThe nonlinear effects of sound in a fluid describing by the Maxwell model of the viscous stress tensor is the subject of investigation. Among other, viscoelastic biological media belong to this non-newtonian type of fluids. Generation of heating of the medium caused by nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy, is discussed in details. The governing equation of acoustic heating is derived by means of the special linear combination...
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APPLICATION OF SATELLITE IMAGERY AND GIS TOOLS FOR LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE ESTIMATION AND VERIFICATION
PublicationLand surface temperature (LST) plays an important role in many land-surface processes on regional as well on global scales. It is also a good indicator of energy flux phenomena and is used as a parameter in various Earth observation related studies. However, LST estimation based on processing and utilisation of satellite derived data constitutes several problems in terms of time limitations, accessibility, atmospheric influence...
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Electronic stabilization of beams in sonar with cylindrical array
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje podstawy opisu beamformera dla sonaru z antena cylindryczną. Artykuł pokazuje, że zmodyfikowany beamformer może zostać użyty do stabilizacji osi wiązki w horyzontalnej płaszczyźnie, gdy znany jest przechył i zanurzenie statku. Artykuł przedstawia także problem elektronicznego odchylania wiązki.
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3d imaging software tools for multibeam sonar data
PublicationArtykuł porusza problem trójwymiarowej wizualizacji dna morskiego na podstawie danych pochodzących z systemu wielowiązkowego. W prezentowanym systemie wykorzystano trzy technologie programistyczne do wytwarzania grafiki 3D (C++ OpenGL, Java 3D, Java OpenGL). W artykule przedstawiono problemy, na które natknięto się podczas tworzenia systemu coraz omówiono sposoby ich rozwiązywania.
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The estimation of norwegian cod size distribution from acoustic data
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Numerical analysis of the finite amplitude plane wave propagation problem
PublicationRozważano zagadnienie propagacji fali płaskiej o skończonej amplitudzie w środowisku wodnym. Przedstawiono model matematyczny i przykładowe wyniki obliczeń numerycznych. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o równanie akustyki nieliniowej. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Badano wpływ wartości parametrów numerycznych na dokładność obliczeń oraz analizowano wpływ wartości parametrów fizycznych...
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Experimental evaluation of high frequency side scan sonar as object search and identification tool
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki badań laboratoryjnych sonaru bocznego jako narzędzia dla pojazdu podwodnego, służącego do poszukiwań i identyfikacji obiektów leżących na dnie, w bliskich odległościach.
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The analysis of the system towing rope with long underwater object
PublicationW artykule zawarta jest analiza zestawu złożonego z liny holującej i długiego obiektu podwodnego o małej sprężystości.Sformułowane zagadnienie brzegowe rozwiązywane jest iteracyjnie z zastosowaniem metody elementów skończonych. Z warunków brzegowych znany jest punkt zaczepienia liny holującej na okręcie oraz głębokość na jaką zanurza się koniec holowanego obiektu. Rozwiązanie tego zagadnienia doprowadziło do równań źle uwarunkowanych...
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3D visualisation and monitoring of marine pollutant aggregations in Web-based GIS
PublicationPrzedstawiony internetowy GIS służy do integracji, przetwarzania i wizualizacji pochodzących z wielu źródeł danych o różnych komponentach środowiska morskiego, w tym o zanieczyszczeniach. Jako przykład przedstawiono wyniki trójwymiarowego modelowania rozprzestrzeniania się wylewu olejowego w morzu.
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Research and development on underwater acoustic systems at Polish Naval Academy and Gdansk University of Technology for the Polish Navy
PublicationWe wstępie artykułu wymieniono korzystne aspekty prawie pięćdziesięcioletniej współpracy obu Uczelni z polską Marynarką Wojenną. W dalszych częściach omówiono prace z dziedziny hydroakustyki wykonywane na rzecz Marynarki Wojennej w ciągu ostatnich dziesięciu lat. W Akademii MW w tym okresie były to głównie prace związane z pomiarami i analizami hydroakustycznych pól okrętów wraz z aplikacjami technicznymi tych analiz oraz aplikacje...
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New methods of underwater ship noise classification
PublicationDetekcja, klasyfikacj, identyfikacja i rozpoznanie cech hałasu generowanego przez statki jest bardzo istotna z punku widzenia naukowego i obronnego. Włożono wiele wysiłku w rozwój technologii sonarów pasywnych, która umożliwia zastosowanie hałasów podwodnych do celów praktycznych. Przedstawiono wyniki badań, które ukazują możliwości wykorzystania sieci neuronowej do klasyfikacji źródeł generowanych przez układy mechaniczne, odpowiadających...
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Time variable gain for long range sonar with chirp sounding signal
PublicationThe main purpose of applaying Time Variable Gain (TVG) in active sonars with digital signal processing is to reduce dynamic range of echo signal and adapt it to the dynamic range of the analogue to digital conversion. With high transmission losses level, the dynamic range of the input signal in long range sonars can be very high and even exceed 200dB. When chirp sounding signals with matched filtration are used, sonars can raech...
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Modeling of nonlinear generation in a bubble layer
PublicationPraca prezentuje numeryczne podejście do zagadnienia liniowego i nieliniowego rozpraszania w warstwie z pęcherzykami. Badania numeryczne niekoherentnego rozpraszania wykonano stosując metodę Monte Carlo. Propagację i wsteczne rozpraszanie sygnałów badano w oparciu o równanie Rayleigha-Plesseta.
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Modeling of the acoustic waves propagation in non-homogeneous medium
PublicationRozważano zagadnienie propagacji fal w ośrodku niejednorodnym. Przedstawiono model matematyczny i przykładowe wyniki badań numerycznych. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o równanie KZK. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Badano zmiany ciśnienia i zmiany widma odpowiednio w ośrodku jednorodnym i niejednorodnym.
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Automatic Analysis of Trajectories of Moving Objects
PublicationOngoing monitoring is essential to providing security and safety of maritime and air operations. This paper presents the research in the area of automatic analysis of movement of unrestricted vehicles like ships and air-planes. The analysis is aimed at extraction of trajectory information, and the results can be used to identify anomalous behaviour in archived and real-time data. In this paper we focus on data acquired using the...
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3D Imaging Of Underwater Objects Using Multi-Beam Data
PublicationOne of the main applications of multibeam sonars is high resolution bathymetry measurement, as well as detecting and imaging of underwater objects like shipwrecks. In order to obtain the visualisation quality good enough to allow the researcher to investigate an object in more detail, the approach relying on construction of three-dimensional model of an imaged object, e.g. consisting of nodes, edges and plane elements (facets)...
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Chirp-rate estimation of FM signals in the time-frequency domain
PublicationNovel dynamic representations of a complex signal in the time-frequency domain including: a channelized instantaneous complex frequency (CICF), a complex local group delay (CLGD) and a channelized instantaneous chirp-rate (CICR) are introduced. The proposed approach is based on the use of the gradient of the short-time Fourier transform complex phase. An interpretation of the newly-introduced distributions especially of the CICR...
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Doppler effect in the CW FM sonar
PublicationWhen sonars are used for military purposes they have to ensure unobtrusive operation, a feature that can be potentially secured by 'silent sonar' or continuous wave frequency modulation sonars (CW FM sonars). The article presents how these sonars operate and identifies the relations between their parameters. The Doppler effect and its impact on the CW FM sonar are studied to identify how it affects the sonar's parameters. The results...
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Transmission parameters of underwater communication channels
PublicationThe underwater environment is tough and demanding as a communication channel for ultrasonic signals. The channel transmission characteristics in marine and inland waters depend much on local bathymetry and changing weather conditions. The architecture and performance of a reliable underwater acoustic communication (UAC) system should allow real-time adaptation of its transmission parameters to a large variety of possible channel...
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Description of the hydrodynamic pressure field function around the ship hull
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metodę aproksymacji pola hydrodynamicznego okrętu, wykorzystując pole obliczone metodą elementów skończonych. Punkty kontrolne umieszczono w środku paneli rozmieszczonych na kadłubie statku, na powierzchni dna morskiego oraz na powierzchni swobodnej; w p-ktach tych znajdują się osobliwości w postaci źródeł, upustów i/lub dipoli. Przedstawione wyniki obliczeń zostały uzyskane przy użyciu tych pierwszych...
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Numerical modeling of the nonlinear wave propagation in a bubble layer
PublicationRozważano zagadnienie propagacji fali wewnątrz warstwy z pęcherzykami. Omówiono model matematyczny, przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki badań teoretycznych. Analizowano zmiany ciśnienia wewnątrz warstwy, falę odbitą i bieżącą w ośrodku otaczającym, badano gęstość widmową mocy. Badania teoretyczne przeprowadzono dla różnych grubości warstwy, koncentracji pęcherzyków i wartości parametrów fali padającej.
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Seafloor characterisation using multibeam data: sonar image properties, seabed surface properties and echo properties
PublicationIn the paper, the approach to seafloor characterisation is presented. The multibeam sonars, besides their well verified and widely used applications like high resolution bathymetry and underwater object detection and imaging, are also the promising tool in seafloor characterization and classification, having several advantages over conventional single beam echosounders. The proposed approach relies on the combined, concurrent use...
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Application of OFDM technique to underwater acoustic data transmission
PublicationPerformances of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) digital systems are strongly related to specific transmission properties of the underwater channel. Depending on the characteristics of the channel, an architecture and modulation techniques are usually implemented that are known as reliable solutions for data transmission in difficult radio channels. The OFDM technique seems to be the most promising nowadays. The parameters...
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Action-reaction based synthesis of acoustic wavefield equations
PublicationThe analysis of acoustic fields is usually based on the well-known mathematics of second order partial differential equations called wave equations. The author explores the duality and symmetry of linear fluid mechanics and develops two distinct equations of acoustics on the basis of a causal approach to local small-scale phenomena. Wavefields that are solutions of these equations have different composition, the spherical pressure...
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Silent Sonar with matched filtration
PublicationRadars with continuous wave frequency (CW FM sonars) are used in radiolocation as 'silent sonars'. They determine the distance to target by measuring the difference between the frequency of the sounding signal and echo signal. The article presents the principle of operation and parameters of silent CW FM sonars. Target distance determined by these sonars is based on the signal at the output of the matched filter. The Doppler effect...
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Acoustic Processor of the Mine Countermeasure Sonar
PublicationThis paper presents the concept of an acoustic processor of the mine countermeasure sonar. Developed at the Department of Marine Electronics Systems, Gdansk University of Technology, the acoustic processor is an element of the MG-89, an underwater acoustic station. The focus of the article is on the modules of the processor. They are responsible for sampling analogue signals and implementing the algorithms controlling the measurement...
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Multifrequency Wideband Sonar Array
PublicationThis paper describes of new approach to Multifrequency Wideband Arrays (MWA),applied piezocomposite technologies of the array elements. MWA operating in transmitting(Tx) and receiving (Rx) mode on two or three bands, requires state-of-the-art technology andefficient array designing than conventional array in which separate arrays for every band oreven separate Tx and Rx transducers/arrays are used. The new piezocomposite elements...
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''Voice Maps'' - system supporting navigation of the blind
PublicationReferat wygłoszony na Konferencji SHA 2012,Gołuń, 22-25.V.2012.
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Measurements of transmission properties of Acoustic Communication Channels
PublicationTough transmission properties of shallow water acoustic channels (SWAC) highly limit the use of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems. An adaptive matching of modulation and signaling schemes to instantaneous channel conditions is needed for reliabledata communications. This creates, however, unique challenges for designers when compared to radio transmission systems. When communication system elements are in move, the...
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Application of Maximum Lenght Sequence in Silent Sonar
PublicationSilent sonars are designed to reduce the distance over which their sounding pulses can be detected by intercept sonars. In order to meet this objective, we can use periodical sounding signals that have low power, a very long duration and wide spectrum. If used in the silent sonar's receiver, matched filtration ensures very good detection of motionless or slow moving targets. However, it is more difficult to detect echo signals...
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Signature of Hydrodynamic Pressure Field
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń pola hydrodynamicznego ciśnienia wokół statku jako funkcję przestrzenną, obliczoną metodą brzegowego rozkładu osobliwości. Obliczone pole ciśnienia hydrodynamicznego jest porównywane z pomierzonym polem ciśnienia wokół okrętu na akwenie specjalnym, opis kształtu kadłuba jest przybliżony. Przedstawione wyniki obliczeń uzyskano stosując pojedynczą warstwę o ciągłym rozkładzie źródłowości....
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Using concentrated spectrogram for analysis of audio acoustic signals
PublicationThe paper presents results of time-frequency analysis of audio acoustic signals using the method of Concentrated Spectrograph also known as ''Cross-spectral method'' or ''Reassignment method''. Presented algorithm involves signal's local group delay and channelized instantaneous frequency to relevantly redistribute all Short-time Fourier transform lines in time-frequency plain. The main intention of the paper is to compare various...
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Integration of inertial sensors and GPS system data for underwater navigation
PublicationThe Inertial Navigation System (INS) is usually employed to determine the position of an underwater vehicles, like Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and, more recently, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The accuracy of the position provided by the INS, which uses accelerometers and gyroscopes, deteriorates with time. An external aiding sources such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) can be employed to reduce the error growth...
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Seafloor relief reconstruction from side scan sonar data
PublicationSide scan sonar is one of the most widely used imaging systems in the underwater environment. It is relatively cheap and easy to deploy, in comparison with more powerful sensors. Although side scan sonar does not provide seafloor bathymetry directly, its records are directly related to seafloor images. In the paper, the method for 3D seafloor relief reconstruction from side scan sonar data is presented. The method is based on the...
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On statistical linear inverse problems in fishery acoustic
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Application of Maximum-Length Sequences to impulse response measurement of hydroacoustic communications systems
PublicationThere is a growing interest in digital transmission of telemetry data on ultrasonic waves. The dependence of signal attenuation on squared frequency, specific to the hy-droacoustic systems, induces problems that do not exist in monochromatic, narrowband radio communications systems. For adapting the transmission parameters to current propagation conditions, a precise knowledge of instantaneous changes of channel performances is...
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development of an open source software to transform acoustic data for classification of benthic habitat
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High accuracy hydroacoustic system to study codend model parameters
PublicationWażnym zadaniem projektantów narzędzi połowowych jest stworzenie efektywnych narzędzi połowowych działających selektywnie poprzez optymalizacje ich geometrii. Hydroakustyczny system pomiaru geometrii modeli worków dorszowych opisany w artykule został zaprojektowany dla opracowania konstrukcji worka dorszowego na potrzeby rybołówstwa na Morzu Bałtyckim.System składa się z 10 par przetworników ultradźwiękowych, mikroprocesorowego...
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Signature of Hydrodynamic Pressure Field
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń pola hydrodynamicznego ciśnienia wokół okrętu specjalnego jako funkcji przestrzennej, obliczonej metodą brzegową. Obliczone pola ćiśnienia hydrodynamicznego jest porównywane z pomierzonym polem okrętu na morzu, przy czym opis kształtu kadłuba okrętu jest przybliżony. Przedstawione wyniki obliczeń uzyskano stosując warstwę pojedynczą , którą stanowią źródła o rozkładzie ciągłym. Skonstruowany...
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Efficiency of acoustic heating in the Maxwell fluid
PublicationThe nonlinear effects of sound in a fluid describing by the Maxwell model of the viscous stress tensor is the subject of investigation. Among other, viscoelastic biological media belong to this non-newtonian type of fluids. Generation of heating of the medium caused by nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy, is discussed in details. The governing equation of acoustic heating is derived by means of the special linear combination...
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Numerical investigations of the nonlinear waves generation in a bubble layer
PublicationRozważano zagadnienie propagacji fal różnych częstotliwości wewnątrz warstwy z pęcherzykami. Przedstawiono model matematyczny zjawiska oraz wyniki badań teoretycznych. Badano zmiany widma fali bieżącej i odbitej jak również zmiany amplitud wybranych harmonicznych ciśnienia tych fal w funkcji grubości warstwy i koncentracji pęcherzyków.
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Using Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Discriminant Analysis for multibeam seafloor characterisation data
PublicationThe paper presents the seafloor characterisation based on multibeam sonar data. It relies on using the integrated model and description of three types of multibeam data obtained during seafloor sensing: 1) the grey-level sonar images (echograms) of seabed, 2) the 3D model of the seabed surface which consists of bathymetric data, 3) the set of time domain bottom echo envelopes received in the consecutive sonar beams. The classification...
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Processing of Marine Satellite Data in WEB-BASED GIS
PublicationGIS systems are important modern word. They allow to quickly analyse and corelate various data bound to their geographical context. The paper describes Web-base GIS with ability to integrate and analyse data from many sources such as: satellite imagery, threat simulation models, marine vessels Automatic Identification System, raster and vector topographic charts. Some details of system architecture and implementation are presented...
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Implementation of Contemporary Technologies in Naval Sonars Modernization
PublicationToday’s fast technological advancement in electronics and signal processing methods makes electronic systems, including sonars, obsolete very quickly. The Polish Navy seems to be particularly affected as its ships were built in the 1970s and 1980s. Researchers at the Gdansk University of Technology have developed a methodology for modernising Navy sonars which involves the use of new electronic sub-systems and modern, bespoke methods...
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Improving the accuracy of bearing in active sonar with cylindrical array using spectrum estimation.
PublicationThe articles presents a method for improving the accuracy of bearing in multibeam sonar with a cylindrical array. Based on a known spatial spectrum estimation technique, the method has been successfully used in linear array systems. Its accuracy of bearing is satisfactory and ensures a relatively low computational effort. The article discusses certain simplifications and assumptions to adapt the spatial spectrum estimation technique...
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Multibaem Sonar Records Data Decimation Using Hierarchical Spline Interpolation
PublicationMultibeam sonar records feature high vertical and horizontal resolution. Interpolating and approximating, eventually displaying of of high volume scattered 3D raster data leads to some difficulties related to a computer processing power. The paper presents some advantages of using hierarchical splines in the context. Such an approach facilitates real time 3D MBS data rendering.
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GeoSPAR Project. Validation and selection methods of geoinformation analysis using GIS for ranking and forecasting of terrorist threats and criminal events
PublicationThe paper presents the description of work activities which have already been done within the first two stages – WorkPackage 1 and WorkPackage 2 - of the GeoSPAR Project. In such a context the general conceptual design of the GIS system and associate web service was presented and analysed. In addition, the operational and technical requirements for the GeoSPAR system have been specified and discussed; with special emphasis on system...
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Source-related Wavefields in Fluids and Dielectrics: A new way of Thinking about Medium Dynamics
PublicationAcoustic and electromagnetic wave phenomena may seem to have a proper formal representation in field theory dating from the 19th century, founded on the mathematics of complex functions. This paper shows, however, that when replacing the classical spectrum-domain approach related to the assumption of harmonic timeform of signals, with a time-domain approach imposingnorestrictionastotheclassoftimeevolutionofsourceandfieldsignals,...
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Methods of navigation in the mobile application supporting movement of the blind
PublicationThis paper presents conclusions from the last development phase of the “Voice Maps” project. Authors specify newly found available options for navigation in affordable system for the blind with all their related aspects. System uses dedicated geographical data, built-in smartphone GPS receivers and DGPS external device in order to assist blind users in their everyday travelling. Authors also discuss new methods to improve positioning...
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Considerations of Adaptive Digital Communications in Underwater Acoustic Channel
PublicationDown-link communication (DLC) and air transportable communication (ATAC) buoys as well as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) use acoustic links for gathering oceanographic data from underwater monitoring systems. The underwater channel propagation conditions are diverse in nature and require a special adaptive approach to the communication system design. The article presents a methodology for the communication systems design,...
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Implementation of the digital receiver in multibeam long-range sonar
PublicationThe article presents the implementation of a digital receiver in multibeam long - range sonar. Developed by the authors of the article, the implementation was part of sonar modernisation on large Polish Navy ships. The article explains the structure of the receiver, its design details and requirements affecting the architecture. The technical solutions regarding the equipment and signal processing algorithms for determining receiving...
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GIS for processing multidimensional marine data in SAAS model
PublicationGeographic Information Systems (GIS) have always been a useful tool for visualization and processing of geospatial data. However, their capabilities of analysis non-standard information such as hydroacoustic soundings has thus far been very limited. This paper proposes a general-purpose GIS which uses techniques such as OLAP, WCS and WCPS for processing of multidimensional spatio-temporal data. The versatility of the GIS is exemplified...
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Integrated acoustical-optical system for inventory of hydrotechnical objects
PublicationThe knowledge of the location, shape and other characteristics of spatial objects in the coastal areas has a significant impact on the functioning of ports, shipyards, and other waterinfrastructure facilities, both offshore and inland. Therefore, measurements of the underwater part of the waterside zone are taken, which means the bottom of the water and other underwater objects (e.g. breakwaters, docks, etc.), and objects above...
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Measurement of Impulse Response of Shallow Water Communication Channel by Correlation Method
PublicationPerformances of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems are strongly related to specific propagation conditions of the underwater channel; conditions that can additionally change in time due to the movement of the acoustic system transmitter and receiver or to reflection by underwater objects of the transmitted signal. The time-varying impulse response is a comprehensive description of dynamically changing transmission...
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Inertial Sensors Applications in Underwater Measurements
PublicationOver the past decades microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) researchers have demonstrated a number of microsensors for almost every possible sensing modality, including attitudes. Current MEMS inertial measurement units (IMU) come in many shapes, sizes, and costs — depending on the application, and performance required. MEMS sensors have proved and demonstrated performance exceeding those of their macroscale counterpart sensors. In...
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Analysis of distance measurement errors in CW FM sonar with MLS code modulation
PublicationAlthough used in the classic silent sonar, the CW FM sounding signal has a major flaw which is its inaccuracy in determining the distance to a target. The authors of the article have developed a concept of silent sonar using frequency modulation signals switched by pseudorandom codes, already discussed in their previous work. This article presents a detailed analysis of errors in CW FM sonar with pseudo-random sequence code modulation...
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Sonar Pulse Detection Using Chirp Rate Estimation and CFAR Algorithms
PublicationThis paper presents a new approach to sonar pulse detection. The method uses chirp rate estimators and algorithms for the adaptive threshold, commonly used in radiolocation. The proposed approach allows detection of pulses of unknown parameters, which may be used in passive hydrolocation or jamming detection in underwater communication. Such an analysis is possible thanks to a new kind of imaging, which presents signal energy in...
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The accuracy of a new approach to order determination for the Modified Prony method in swath mapping application
PublicationThis article presents the performance of a new approach to determine the model order for the modified Prony method applied to swath acoustic mapping. Key requirements for any mapping application are depth determination accuracy and angular resolution. Depth determination accuracy is strictly related to angular accuracy and geometrical relations between receiver and sources of the backscattered signal. Angular resolution determines...
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Theoretical analysis of a new approach to order determination for a modified Prony method in swath mapping application
PublicationThis article presents a new approach to determine the model order (number of principal components) in the modified Prony method applied to swath acoustic mapping. Determination of the number of principal components is a crucial step in the modified Prony method. In the proposed approach the model order is chosen based on the underlying physical model of the underwater acoustic environment, and utilised signal processing operations....
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Multibeam data processing for 3D object shape reconstruction
PublicationThe technology of hydroacoustic scanning offers an efficient and widely-used source of geospatial information regarding underwater environments, providing measurement data which usually have the structure of irregular groups of points known as point clouds. Since this data model has known disadvantages, a different form of representation based on representing surfaces with simple geometric structures, such as edges and facets,...
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On Algorithm Details in Multibeam Seafloor Classification
PublicationRemote sensing of the seafloor constitutes an important topic in exploration, management, protection and other investigations of the marine environment. In the paper, a combined approach to seafloor characterisation is presented. It relies on calculation of several descriptors related to seabed type using three different types of multibeam sonar data obtained during seafloor sensing, viz.: 1) the grey-level sonar images (echograms)...
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Calibration of precipitation estimation algorithm with particular emphasis on the Pomeranian region using high performance computing
PublicationFast and accurate precipitation estimation is an important element of remote atmosphere monitoring, as it allows, for example, to correct short-term weather forecasts and the prediction of several types of meteorological threats. The paper presents methodology for calibrating precipitation estimation algorithm based on MSG SEVIRI sensor data, and Optimal Cloud Analysis product available via EumetCast transmission. Calibration is...
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