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Study of the effect of residues of pharmaceuticals on the environment on the example of bioassay Microtox®

Abstract

Residues of pharmaceuticals present in the aqueous environment can be found in a mixture of different substances wherein drugs not remain inert with respect to each other. In such mixtures a phenomenon of synergism or antagonism may occur, which can contribute to increase or decrease the overall toxicity of the mixture of drugs. Pharmaceuticals namely: diclofenac (sodium salt), oxyteracycline hydrochloride, fluoxetine hydrochloride, chloramphenicol, progesterone, estrone, androstendione, ketoprofen and gemfibrozil were mixed with each other at different ratios of EC50 (effective concentration) and tested using MICROTOX®. Attempt was also made to determine whether a pH change of the sample containing pharmaceuticals affects the total toxicity of the sample. The most toxic mixtures of selected pharmaceuticals proved to be those containing diclofenac and chloramphenicol, reaching up to 90% of the toxicity against the test organism. Based on results obtained, it can be concluded that the change of pH has a significant effect on the toxicity of androstenedione, gemfibrozil, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, diclofenac and progesterone.

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Category:
Articles
Type:
artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
Published in:
MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE no. 147, pages 1455 - 1460,
ISSN: 0026-9247
Publication year:
2016
Bibliographic description:
Wieczerzak M., Kudłak B., Namieśnik J.: Study of the effect of residues of pharmaceuticals on the environment on the example of bioassay Microtox®// MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE. -Vol. 147, nr. 8 (2016), s.1455-1460
DOI:
Digital Object Identifier (open in new tab) 10.1007/s00706-016-1782-y
Bibliography: test
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  16. Table 2 Literature study on th occurrence and concentration of selected pharmaceuticals in the environment Analyte Effect on living organisms Concentration in environment/ ng dm -3 open in new tab
  17. Sample matrix/sample location References Diclofenac NSAID 10-55 Surface water samples (river Vantaa), Finland open in new tab
  18. Chloramphenicol Antibiotic \2-15 River water samples (Taff and Ely rivers), South Wales, UK open in new tab
  19. Oxytetracycline Antibiotic 377,000 ± 142,000 Waste water, China open in new tab
  20. Fluoxetine Used to treat depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders 0.5-43.2 Stream water samples, USA open in new tab
  21. Gemfibrozil Regulates lipids concentration in the plasma 20-60 open in new tab
  22. Wastewater, Whitby, Peterborough, Canada open in new tab
  23. Waste, drinking water samples (Llobregat River), Barcelona, Spain open in new tab
  24. Androstenedione Testosterone precursor [100 River water samples (Fenholloway River), USA open in new tab
  25. Progesterone Used to prevent miscarriages and menstrual disorders 66 ± 36 Wastewater samples (influents and effluents), Beijing, China open in new tab
  26. Ketoprofen Anti-inflammatory drug 0-180 open in new tab
  27. Waste water effluents samples (Aa Uster and Aabach Moenchaltorf rivers), lake Greifensee, Switzerland [15] open in new tab
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Gdańsk University of Technology

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