Search results for: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
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Influence of separation gap on the structural response of colliding structures under earthquake excitation
PublicationThe high level of urbanization in the XXIst century forces the designers to design closely-separated structures and to take into account many factors influencing their response during seismic excitation, which are the most unpredictable loads which can affect civil engineering structures. Interactions between insufficiently adjacent buildings, known as the earthquake-induced structural pounding, may cause serious damage to the structures,...
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Preventing of earthquake-induced pounding between steel structures by using polymer elements – experimental study
PublicationPounding between two, or more, adjacent buildings during earthquakes has been identified as one of the reasons for substantial damage or even total collapse of colliding structures, so it has been the subject of numerous studies in the recent years. A major reason leading to interactions between adjacent, insufficiently separated structures results from the differences in their dynamic properties. A number of different methods...
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Damage-involved response of two colliding buildings under non-uniform earthquake loading
PublicationPounding between insufficiently separated buildings, which may result in considerable damage or may even lead to the total collapse of colliding structures, has been repeatedly observed during earthquakes. Earthquake-induced collisions of buildings has been intensively studied applying various structural models. It was assumed in the analyses, however, that the seismic excitation is identical for all structural supports; whereas,...
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Application of Shape Memory Alloys in Retrofitting of Masonry and Heritage Structures Based on Their Vulnerability Revealed in the Bam 2003 Earthquake
PublicationFor decades, one of the most critical considerations of civil engineers has been the construction of structures that can sufficiently resist earthquakes. However, in many parts of the globe, ancient and contemporary buildings were constructed without regard for engineering; thus, there is a rising necessity to adapt existing structures to avoid accidents and preserve historical artefacts. There are various techniques for retrofitting...
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PROBLEMS OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN ADJACENT STEEL STRUCTURES UNDER EARTHQUAKE EXCITATION
PublicationNowadays, the high level of urbanization forces the engineers to design closely-separated structures and to take into account many factors influencing their response, including collisions between them due to insufficient separation distance during moderate to strong ground motions. Recent observations as well as experimental and numerical investigations have confirmed that interactions...
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Farzin Kazemi Ph.D. Student at Gdansk University of Technology
PeopleHis main research areas are seismic performance assessment of structures and seismic hazard analysis in earthquake engineering. He performed a comprehensive study on the effect of pounding phenomenon and proposed modification factors to modify the seismic collapse capacity of structures or predict the seismic collapse capacity of structures which were retrofitted with linear and nonlinear Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs). His current...
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Wave Method for Structural Health Monitoring: Testing Using Full-Scale Shake Table Experiment Data
PublicationAn algorithm of the wave method for structural health monitoring (SHM) is tested and calibrated using shake table experiment data of a full-scale, seven-story, reinforced-concrete building slice. The method is based on monitoring changes in the velocity of waves propagating vertically through the structure, identified by least-squares (LSQ) fit of beam models. The experiment was conducted by a team from the University of California,...
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Non-linear FEM analysis of pounding-involved response of buildings under non-uniform earthquake excitation
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to show the results of the study investigating the influence of non-uniform earthquake excitation, due to spatial seismic effects connected with the propagation of seismic wave, on the pounding-involved response of two buildings. The three-dimensional non-linear FEM analysis has been conducted using the detailed models of colliding structures. Acceleration records for different structural supports have been...
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Optimal retrofit strategy using viscous dampers between adjacent RC and SMRFs prone to earthquake‑induced pounding
PublicationNowadays, retrofitting-damaged buildings is an important challenge for engineers. Finding the optimal placement of Viscous Dampers (VDs) between adjacent structures prone to earthquake-induced pounding can help designers to implement VDs with optimizing the cost of construction and achieving higher performance levels for both structures. In this research, the optimal placement of linear and nonlinear VDs between the 3-story, 5-story,...
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Seismic Pounding Between Bridge Segments: A State-of-the-Art Review
PublicationEarthquake-induced structural pounding in bridge structures has been observed in several previous seismic events. Collisions occur at the expansion joints provided between adjacent decks or between the deck and abutment. Pounding between the structural elements may lead to severe damages and even to the unseating of the bridge in certain cases. Several investigations have been performed to study pounding in bridges under uniform...
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Degradation of stiffness of building columns exposed to bending and impact load during ground motions
PublicationThe safety of civil engineering structures under external loads, including ground motions, is one of the issues related to the idea of sustainable society. The earthquake-induced soft-storey failure is a typical type of damage observed in buildings due to seismic excitation. The failure of an intermediate soft storey of a structure results in large vertical impact loading acting on the lower floors due to the fall of the upper...
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Effective Gap Size Index for Determination of Optimum Separation Distance Preventing Pounding between Buildings during Earthquakes
PublicationSeismic excitations may lead to collisions between adjacent civil engineering structures causing major damage. In this paper, an effective equation for calculating the gap size index is proposed so as to provide the optimum separation distance preventing structural pounding during different earthquakes. Evaluation of the best prediction of the required separation distance between two adjacent buildings was carried out by using...
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Polymeric Bearings – A New Base Isolation System to Reduce Structural Damage during Earthquakes
PublicationBase isolators, like lead rubber bearings, high damping rubber bearings or friction pendulum systems are extensively used in practice in many seismically active regions to protect structures against earthquake forces. The present paper reports the results obtained from the experimental study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Polymeric Bearings in suppressing structural vibrations during dynamic excitations and therefore...
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Investigation on Damage-Involved Structural Response of Colliding Steel Structures during Ground Motions
PublicationEarthquakes are the most unpredictable damaging loads which can affect civil engineering structures. Due to insufficient separation distance between adjacent structures with different dynamic properties, structural collisions may occur during ground motions. Although the research on structural pounding has recently been much advanced, the studies have mainly been conducted for concrete structures. The aim of this paper is to show...
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Cable-stayed cantilever structures as an expat of unique application in the construction of a building located in seismic area – an author’s project of multifunctional building in Lisbon, Portugal
PublicationThe article presents numerical simulations for the modelling of seismic impact on the structure of unique cantilever cablestayed structure with application of two methods. The Response Spectrum method, in which a spectrum of the structure's responses to an earthquake's impact is generated and the Accelerogram method, in which we generate dynamic load in the form of a diagram of the connection between acceleration and time for...
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Pounding mitigation of a short-span cable-stayed bridge using a new hybrid passive control system
PublicationThis paper investigates the effectiveness of a new hybrid passive control system on the seismic response of an existing steel cable-stayed bridge considering the pounding effect. The proposed hybrid passive control system comprises a seismic isolator and a metallic damper. The bridge is located in a high seismic zone and has suffered several damages including the earthquake-induced pounding damage during the 1988 earthquake....
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Analysis of Validation and Simplification of Timber-Frame Structure Design Stage with PU-Foam Insulation
PublicationThe transition from experimental studies to the realm of numerical simulations is often necessary for further studies, but very difficult at the same time. This is especially the case for extended seismic analysis and earthquake-resistant design. This paper describes an approach to moving from the experimental testing of an elementary part of a wood-frame building structure to a numerical model, with the use of a commercial engineering...
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Introducing a Computational Method to Retrofit Damaged Buildings under Seismic Mainshock-Aftershock Sequence
PublicationRetrofitting damaged buildings is a challenge for engineers, since commercial software does not have the ability to consider the local damages and deformed shape of a building resulting from the mainshock record of an earthquake before applying the aftershock record. In this research, a computational method for retrofitting of damaged buildings under seismic mainshock-aftershock sequences is proposed, and proposed computational...
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Pounding force response spectrum under earthquake excitation
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono możliwość wykorzystania spektrum siły zderzenia jako zaproponowanego przez autora narzędzia pomocnego przy projektowaniu budynków narażonych na zderzenia podczas trzęsień ziemi. Przedstawione wykresy spektrów pokazały, iż właściwy dobór parametrów budowli, takich jak szerokość przerwy pomiędzy budynkami, okres drgań własnych konstrukcji, liczba tłumienia, masa, współczynnik ciągliwości, czy też przesunięcie...
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Numerical Evaluation of Dynamic Response of a Steel Structure Model under Various Seismic Excitations
PublicationThe present paper reports the results of the study, which was designed to perform a numerical evaluation of dynamic response of a single-storey steel structure model. The experimental model was previously subjected to a number of different earthquake ground motions during an extensive shaking table investigation. The analyzed structure model was considered as a 1-DOF system with lumped parameters, which were determined by conducting...