Stereo vision with Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS) for obtaining depth maps of plants

Adam Kaczmarek

doi:10.1016/j.compag.2016.11.022

Stereo vision with Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS) for obtaining depth maps of plants

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This paper presents a method of improving the estimation of distances between an autonomous harvesting robot and plants with ripe fruits by using the vision system based on five cameras. The system is called Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS). EBMCS has some features of a camera matrix and a camera array. EBMCS is regarded as a set of stereo cameras for estimating distances by obtaining disparity maps and depth maps. This paper introduces Exceptions Excluding Merging Method (EEMM) which makes it possible to improve the quality of disparity maps by integrating maps acquired from individual stereo cameras included in EBMCS. The method was tested with eight different stereo matching algorithms including Efficient Large-scale Stereo Matching (ELAS), algorithms implemented in the OpenCV library and algorithms available in Middlebury Stereo Vision Page. Experiments were performed on input data sets which contained images of strawberry plants, cherry trees and redcurrant plants. The bad matching pixels (BMP) metric was used for measuring the error rate in disparity maps used in the distance estimation. The results of experiments showed that, on average, the EEMM merging method used with EBMCS consisting of five cameras reduces the error rate of the distance estimation by 26.55% in comparison to results obtained from stereoscopy based on a single stereo camera. The best results were acquired by using with five cameras a stereo matching algorithm based on a graph cut.

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Kategoria:: Publikacja w czasopiśmie
Typ:: artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
Opublikowano w:: COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE nr 135, strony 23 - 37,
ISSN: 0168-1699
Język:: angielski
Rok wydania:: 2017
Opis bibliograficzny:: Kaczmarek A.: Stereo vision with Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS) for obtaining depth maps of plants// COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE. -Vol. 135, (2017), s.23-37
DOI:: Cyfrowy identyfikator dokumentu elektronicznego (otwiera się w nowej karcie) 10.1016/j.compag.2016.11.022
Weryfikacja:: Politechnika Gdańska