Abstrakt

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) can be synthesized by polyaddition of five-membered bis(cyclic carbonate)s and primary diamines. NIPUs are an alternative for the commonly used (in the form of foams, elastomers, coatings or fibers) in the industry polyurethanes obtained using toxic and moisture sensitive diisocyanates, polyols and low-molecular weight chain extenders. The main aim of this work was to synthesize non-isocyanate polyurethanes using petrochemical and bio-based substrates. At the beginning the model hydroxyurethanes were synthesized using glycerol carbonate and selected diamines without the catalyst and the chemical structure of obtained products was investigated using 1HNMR and 13C NMR. The model study was performed to determine the yield of reaction, ratio of primary to secondary hydroxyl group, which are formed during the reaction and to indicate the side-products. The cyclic carbonate intermediates were synthesized by the reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A-based epoxy resin (EPIDIAN 5), poly(ethylene glycol)s with different molecular weights (300, 600, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g mol-1) and glycerol carbonate or epoxidized soybean oil and glycerol carbonate. The chemical structure (by 1H NMR method) and average molecular weight (by GPC analysis) of selected semi-products was determined. In the next step synthesized intermediates were reacted with selected diamines (i.e. 1,2-ethanediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, triethylene-tetramine or amine derivative of dimerized fatty acids PRIAMINE 1071). The chemical structure (using FTIR method), morphology (by AFM method), selected mechanical properties (i.e. tensile properties and hardness), dynamic mechanical properties (by DMTA method), glass transition temperature (by DSC method) and thermal stability (by TGA method) were determined for the obtained non-isocyanate polyurethanes.

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