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Search results for: recofigurable anenna
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Design and Optimization of a Compact Super-Wideband MIMO Antenna with High Isolation and Gain for 5G Applications
PublicationThis paper presents a super-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (SWB MIMO) antenna with low profile, low mutual coupling, high gain and compact size for microwave and millimeter wave (mm-wave) fifth-generation (5G) applications. A single antenna is a simple elliptical-square shape with a small physical size of 20 × 20 × 0.787 mm3. The combination of both square and elliptical shapes results in an exceptionally broad impedance...
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On Accelerated Metaheuristic-Based Electromagnetic-Driven Design Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Response Features
PublicationDevelopment of present-day antenna systems is an intricate and multi-step process requiring, among others, meticulous tuning of designable (mainly geometry) parameters. Concerning the latter, the most reliable approach is rigorous numerical optimization, which tends to be re-source-intensive in terms of computing due to involving full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simu-lations. The cost-related issues are particularly pronounced whenever...
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An Optimized Ka-Band Low Profile Dual-Polarized Transmitarray Antenna With 2D Beam Switching
PublicationThis article presents an optimized dual-polarized transmitarray antenna (TA) designed for MIMO applications at the Ka-band, capable of switching beams in two directions. The antenna aperture uses a small unit cell with three layers of Taconic RF-35 dielectric substrates, which can be easily fabricated using PCB technology. The unit cell achieved a 360-degree phase shift and a transmission magnitude exceeding –0.4 dB at 28 GHz....
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Fast multi-objective optimization of antenna structures by means of data-driven surrogates and dimensionality reduction
PublicationDesign of contemporary antenna structures needs to account for several and often conflicting objectives. These are pertinent to both electrical and field properties of the antenna but also its geometry (e.g., footprint minimization). For practical reasons, especially to facilitate efficient optimization, single-objective formulations are most often employed, through either a priori preference articulation, objective aggregation,...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna for V2X Applications in 802.11p Frequency Band
PublicationIn this paper, we have proposed direction-of arrival (DoA) estimation of incoming signals for V2X applications in 802. 11p frequency band, based on recording of received signal strength (RSS) at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna's output port. The motivation of the work was to prove that ESPAR antenna used to increase connectivity and security in V2X communication can be also used for DoA estimation....
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Design-oriented modeling of antenna structures by means of two-level kriging with explicit dimensionality reduction
PublicationThe employment of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis is a practical necessity in the design of contemporary antenna structures. This is because simpler models are generally not available or of limited accuracy. At the same time, EM-based design is computationally expensive. Consequently, the ways of accelerating tasks such as parametric optimization or uncertainty quantification have to be sought. A possible workaround that...
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Rapid Multi-Criterial Antenna Optimization by Means of Pareto Front Triangulation and Interpolative Design Predictors
PublicationModern antenna systems are designed to meet stringent performance requirements pertinent to both their electrical and field properties. The objectives typically stay in conflict with each other. As the simultaneous improvement of all performance parameters is rarely possible, compromise solutions have to be sought. The most comprehensive information about available design trade-offs can be obtained through multi-objective optimization...
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Shielded HMSIW-Based Self-Triplexing Antenna With High Isolation for WiFi/WLAN/ISM Band
PublicationThis article presents a novel design of a miniaturized self-triplexing antenna (STA) based on the shielded half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (S-HMSIW) for WiFi/WLAN/ISM-band applications. The S-HMSIW is constructed by assembling one row of vias and an open slot at the open-ended side of the conventional HMSIW. This configuration increases the quality factor and minimizes unwanted radiation loss, which allows for achieving...
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On Fast Multi-objective Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Pareto Front Triangulation and Inverse Surrogates
PublicationDesign of contemporary antenna systems is a challenging endeavor, where conceptual developments and initial parametric studies, interleaved with topology evolution, are followed by a meticulous adjustment of the structure dimensions. The latter is necessary to boost the antenna performance as much as possible, and often requires handling several and often conflicting objectives, pertinent to both electrical and field properties...
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Cost-Efficient EM-Driven Size Reduction of Antenna Structures by Multi-Fidelity Simulation Models
PublicationDesign of antenna systems for emerging application areas such as the Internet of Things (IoT), fifth generation wireless communications (5G), or remote sensing, is a challenging endeavor. In addition to meeting stringent performance specifications concerning electrical and field properties, the structure has to maintain small physical dimensions. The latter normally requires searching for trade-off solutions because miniaturization...
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Cost-Efficient Bi-Layer Modeling of Antenna Input Characteristics Using Gradient Kriging Surrogates
PublicationOver the recent years, surrogate modeling has been playing an increasing role in the design of antenna structures. The main incentive is to mitigate the issues related to high cost of electromagnetic (EM)-based procedures. Among the various techniques, approximation surrogates are the most popular ones due to their flexibility and easy access. Notwithstanding, data-driven modeling of antenna characteristics is associated with serious...
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Improved-Efficacy EM-Based Antenna Miniaturization by Multi-Fidelity Simulations and Objective Function Adaptation
PublicationThe growing demands for integration of surface mount design (SMD) antennas into miniatur-ized electronic devices have been continuously imposing limitations on the structure dimen-sions. Examples include embedded antennas in applications such as on-board devices, picosatel-lites, 5G communications, or implantable and wearable devices. The demands for size reduction while ensuring a satisfactory level of the electrical and field...
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Reduced-Cost Two-Level Surrogate Antenna Modeling using Domain Confinement and Response Features
PublicationElectromagnetic (EM) simulation tools have become indispensable in the design of contemporary antennas. Still, the major setback of EM-driven design is the associated computational overhead. This is because a single full-wave simulation may take from dozens of seconds up to several hours, thus, the cost of solving design tasks that involve multiple EM analyses may turn unmanageable. This is where faster system representations (surrogates)...
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Microfluidic SIW-Based Tunable Self-Diplexing Antenna for Sub-6 GHz Band Applications
PublicationThis work introduces a novel frequency tunable self-diplexing antenna (SDA) design based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. A modified A-shaped slot is employed on the cavity’s top plane, which is excited by two independent 50 Ω microstrip feed lines to operate at each resonant frequency. The frequency flexibility of the proposed antenna allows for fine-tuning at each resonance frequency. The frequency flexibility...
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High Isolation Metamaterial-based Dual-band MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-wave Applications
PublicationThis article presents a high-isolation metamaterial-based dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G millimeter-wave communication networks. The proposed antenna is a pentagon-shaped monopole that provides a dual-band response with a wide operating bandwidth at 5G 28/28 bands. The antenna is printed on 0.508-mm-thick Rogers RT5880 substrate of relative permittivity ɛr =2.2. It exhibits a small physical size...
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A Compact Self-Hexaplexing Antenna Implemented on Substrate-Integrated Rectangular Cavity for Hexa-Band Applications
PublicationThis brief introduces a novel architecture of a compact self-hexaplexing antenna (SHA) implemented on a substrate-integrated rectangular cavity (SIRC) for hexa-band applications. The proposed SHA is configured by using an SIRC resonator, two Pi-shaped slots (PSSs), and six 50Ω microstrip feedlines. The PSSs are connected back-to-back and loaded on top of the SIRC resonator to produce six patch radiators (PRs). The PRs are excited...
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Quasi-Global Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Principal Components and Affine Subspace-Spanned Surrogates
PublicationParametric optimization is a mandatory step in the design of contemporary antenna structures. Conceptual development can only provide rough initial designs that have to be further tuned, often extensively. Given the topological complexity of modern antennas, the design closure necessarily involves full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations and—in many cases—global search procedures. Both factors make antenna optimization a computationally...
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Fast geometry scaling of UWB band-notch antennas
PublicationImplementation of band-notch capability plays an important role in the design of ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas. At the same time, appropriate sizing of antenna geometry parameters in order to precisely allocate the notch at the required frequency as well as to ensure sufficient reflection level is quite challenging and has to be based—for reliability reasons—on full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations of the structure. In this...
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Integracja inteligentnego agenta diagnostycznego z systemami CRM.
PublicationW artykule zawarto propozycję integracji inteligentnych agentów diagnostycznych z systemami CRM zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem, w szczególności z podsystemem zarządzania zasobami informatycznymi.
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Effect of Time Varying Measurement Conditions on Antenna Pattern in Near Field Measurement and Its Correction Procedure
PublicationAuthors present the procedure of taking into account the changes of electrical parameters of setup due to the time drift of temperature during the procedure of near field measurement. It is proposed to make additional measurements in determined positions of probe are next used the results to introduce corrections terms in measured data. Such approach was verified practically in experimental near field measurement system.
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublicationIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely...
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublicationIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely on received signal strength...
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Expedited Design Closure of Antenna Input Characteristics by Trust Region Gradient Search and Principal Component Analysis
PublicationOptimization-based parameter tuning has become an inherent part of contemporary antenna design process. For the sake of reliability, it is typically conducted at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. This may incur considerable computational expenses depending on the cost of an individual EM analysis, the number of adjustable variables, the type of task (local, global, single-/multi-objective optimization),...
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Compact Substrate-Integrated Hexagonal Cavity-Backed Self-Hexaplexing Antenna for Sub-6 GHz Applications
PublicationA self-multiplexing SIW antenna based on hexagonal SIW cavity is proposed. The self-hexaplexing antenna consists of different sizes of resonating elements, which provide the hexaband operations. The antenna resonates at 5 GHz, 5.17 GHz, 5.32 GHz, 5.53 GHz, 5.62 GHz, and 5.72 GHz by employing different slot lengths between the resonating elements. The proposed antenna provides the individual tunable characteristics of the operating...
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Filter-Hilbert Method for Automatic Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements with Embedded Self-Calibration Mechanism
PublicationOne of the most important steps in the process of antenna development involves measurements of its prototype. Far-field performance of radiators is normally characterized in strictly controlled environments such as anechoic chambers which can ensure certification-grade accuracy. Unfortunately, they are also characterized by high construction costs which might not be justified for low-budget research and/or teaching-related activities....
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Metamaterial-Based Series-Fed Antenna with High Gain and Wideband Performance for Millimeter Wave Spectrum Applications
PublicationThis paper presents a high-gain, wideband series-fed antenna designed for 5G millimeter-wave (MMW) applications. The structure employs a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW)-based power splitter and metamaterials (MMs). The power divider functions effectively at 27.5 GHz, exhibiting an impedance bandwidth from 26.9–28.6 GHz. The series-fed dipole is assembled on the SIW-based power splitter, incorporating four dipoles with varying...
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Efficient Simulation-Based Global Antenna Optimization Using Characteristic Point Method and Nature-Inspired Metaheuristics
PublicationAntenna structures are designed nowadays to fulfil rigorous demands, including multi-band operation, where the center frequencies need to be precisely allocated at the assumed targets while improving other features, such as impedance matching. Achieving this requires simultaneous optimization of antenna geometry parameters. When considering multimodal problems or if a reasonable initial design is not at hand, one needs to rely...
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Shielded HMSIW-based frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna using different solid/liquid dielectrics
PublicationThis article proposes a frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna based on a shielded half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (S-HMSIW). In order to reduce the size of the HMSIW cavity resonator and to obtain quad-band characteristics, a modied E-shaped slot is engraved on the top of the metal. The experimental validation is carried out after analyzing the data using a circuit model. Flexibility of each resonant frequency is...
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Excitation of Circularly Polarized Wave via Single-Feed Metasurface-Integrated Compact Antenna for Internet of Things
PublicationA compact circularly polarized (CP) quasi-omnidirectional antenna is introduced for internet of things (IoT). The structure consists of two components implemented on FR-4 substrates, and sep-arated by an air gap: one printed with a rectangular patch fed through a matching network, and another with a metasurface and a ground plane. Two different methods for impedance matching are employed. An equivalent circuit model of the antenna...
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Globalized Knowledge-Based Simulation-Driven Antenna Miniaturization Using Domain-Confined Surrogates and Dimensionality Reduction
PublicationDesign of contemporary antenna systems encounters multifold challenges, one of which is a limited size. Compact antennas are indispensable for the new fields of application such as inter-net of things or 5G/6G mobile communication. Still, miniaturization generally undermines elec-trical and field performance. When attempted through numerical optimization, it turns into a constrained problem with costly constraints requiring electromagnetic...
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Mutual Coupling Reduction in Antenna Arrays Using Artificial Intelligence Approach and Inverse Neural Network Surrogates
PublicationThis paper presents a novel approach to reduce undesirable coupling in antenna arrays using custom-designed resonators and inverse surrogate modeling. To illustrate the concept, two stand-ard patch antenna cells with 0.07λ edge-to-edge distance are designed and fabricated to operate at 2.45 GHz. A stepped-impedance resonator is applied between the antennas to suppress their mutual coupling. For the first time, the optimum values...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation in 802.11p Frequency Band Using ESPAR Antenna and PPCC-MCP Method
PublicationIn this paper, the concept of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna designed to operate in IEEE 802.11p vehicular communication standard has been investigated with respect to different possible elevation angles of a radio frequency (RF) signal impinging the antenna. To this end, two different possible sets of the 3D antenna radiation patterns have been used...
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EM-Driven Multi-Objective Optimization of a Generic Monopole Antenna by Means of a Nested Trust-Region Algorithm
PublicationAntenna structures for modern applications are characterized by complex and unintuitive topologies that are difficult to develop when conventional experience-driven techniques are of use. In this work, a method for automatic generation of antenna geometries in a multi-objective setup has been proposed. The approach involves optimization of a generic spline-based radiator with adjustable number of parameters using a nested trust-region-based...
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Low-Cost Open-Hardware System for Measurements of Antenna Far-Field Characteristics in Non-Anechoic Environments
PublicationExperimental validation belongs to the most important steps in the development of antenna structures. Measurements are normally performed in expensive, dedicated facilities such as anechoic chambers, or open-test sites. A high cost of their construction might not be justified when the main goal of antenna verification boils down to demonstration of the measurement procedure, or rough validation of the simulation models used for...
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Design of a Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Wideband Compact-Size Circularly Polarized Antenna and polarization-sense alteration
PublicationThis paper presents the design and validation of a geometrically simple circularly polarized(CP) structure featuring flat gain in the sub-6 GHz 5th generation spectrum. The proposed structure is based on coplanar-waveguide-fed, modified wide slot etched in the ground plane. For generating CP waves, the coplanar ground planes are designed with slight asymmetry in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Furthermore, the ground...
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Design, Realization and Measurements of Enhanced Performance 2.4 GHz ESPAR Antenna for Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
PublicationThis paper presents the design, realization and measurements of an Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna with enhanced performance of estimating the incoming signal direction. Designed antenna is dedicated for 2.4 GHz ISM applications with emphasis on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Proposed antenna provides different radiation patterns by proper configuration of the parasitic elements. Thus, several...
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Localization in wireless sensor networks using switched parasitic antennas
PublicationA switched parasitic monopole antenna for 2.4 GHz ISM applications is design and investigated in this paper. One of the most promising applications for such switched-beam antennas is localization in wireless sensor networks (WSN). It is demonstrated that the use of this antenna improves accuracy of localization algorithms and allows for reduction of the number of reference nodes in localization system.
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Multi-objective optimization for assessment of topological modification in UWB antennas
PublicationThis paper addresses an issue of systematic and rigorous assessment of effects of topological modifications on the performance of compact UWB antennas. Application of fast surrogate-assisted multi-objective optimization procedures allows us for obtaining, in a practically acceptable timeframe, a set of designs representing the best possible trade-offs between conflicting objectives (here, antenna size minimization and reduction...
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Size reduction of ultra-wideband antennas with efficiency and matching constraints
PublicationAntenna design is a multifaceted task that involves handling of various performance figures concerning both electrical performance of the structure as well as its geometry. Simultaneous control of several objectives through rigorous optimization is very challenging and virtually impossible through conventional approaches such as parameter sweeping. In this work, we investigate size reduction of ultra‐wideband antenna structures...
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Two-Stage Variable-Fidelity Modeling of Antennas with Domain Confinement
PublicationSurrogate modeling has become the method of choice in solving an increasing number of antenna design tasks, especially those involving expensive full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Notwithstanding, the curse of dimensionality considerably affects conventional metamodeling methods, and their capability to efficiently handle nonlinear antenna characteristics over broad ranges of the system parameters is limited. Performance-driven...
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A system for Direction-Of-Arrival estimation in ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band based on ESPAR antenna and SDR technology
PublicationDetermination of the direction of the signal arrival (DOA) finds many applications in various areas of science and industry. Knowledge of DOA is used, among others to determine the position of a satellite with a low Earth orbit (LEO), localization of people and things as well as in research of wireless communication systems, for instance the determination of the number of...
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Embedded device for indoor positioning of mobile terminals in ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band integrated with ESPAR antenna
PublicationIn the era of multifunctional mobile phones, wireless positioning is one of the most important branches of telecommunications development. This functionality is possible thanks to global positioning systems such as GPS, whose services are available to every average user. Global systems, however, suffer from their low accuracy in confined environments such as forests and building interiors. A popular...
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Rapid multi-objective antenna design using point-by-point Pareto set identification and local surrogate models
PublicationAntenna design is inherently a multicriterial problem.Determination of the best possible tradeoffs between conflicting objectives (a so-called Pareto front), such as reflection response, gain, and antenna size, is indispensable from the designer’s point of view, yet challenging when high-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations are utilized for performance evaluation. Here, a novel and computationally...
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Scalability of surrogate-assisted multi-objective optimization of antenna structures exploiting variable-fidelity electromagnetic simulation models
PublicationMulti-objective optimization of antenna structures is a challenging task due to high-computational cost of evaluating the design objectives as well as large number of adjustable parameters. Design speedup can be achieved by means of surrogate-based optimization techniques. In particular, a combination of variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations, design space reduction techniques, response surface approximation (RSA) models,...
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Analysis of circular polarization antenna design trade‐offs using low‐cost EM‐driven multiobjective optimization
PublicationCircular polarization (CP) antennas are vital components of modern communication systems. Their design involves handling several requirements such as low reflection and axial ratio (AR) within the frequency range of interest. Small size is an important criterion for antenna mobility which is normally achieved as a by‐product of performance‐oriented modifications of the structure topology. In this work, multiobjective optimization...
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Recent advances in rapid multiobjective optimization of expensive simulation models in microwave and antenna engineering by Pareto front exploration
PublicationPractical engineering design problems are inherently multiobjective, that is, require simultaneous control of several (and often conflicting) criteria. In many situations, genuine multiobjective optimization is required to acquire comprehensive information about the system of interest. The most popular solution techniques are populationbased metaheuristics, however, they are not practical for handling expensive electromagnetic...
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A Wideband Corrugated Ridged Horn Antenna with Enhanced Gain and Stable Phase Center for X- and Ku-Band Applications
PublicationIn this letter, a structure and design procedure of a novel double-flared conical horn antenna with an improved gain and a stable phase center is presented. The antenna incorporates a hybrid ridged and corrugated structure. A double-ridged section is responsible for ensuring a wideband operation, whereas the corrugated section supports the hybrid mode. The antenna impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2) is 6 GHz to 20 GHz. Excellent performance...
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Variable-Fidelity Simulation Models and Sparse Gradient Updates for Cost-Efficient Optimization of Compact Antenna Input Characteristics
PublicationDesign of antennas for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications requires taking into account several performance figures, both electrical (e.g., impedance matching) and field (gain, radiation pattern), but also physical constraints, primarily concerning size limitation. Fulfillment of stringent specifications necessitates the development of topologically complex structures described by a large number of geometry parameters that...
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Fast Calibration-Free Single-Anchor Indoor Localization Based on Limited Number of ESPAR Antenna Radiation Patterns
Publication— In this article, we investigate how the calibrationfree single-anchor indoor localization algorithm developed for base stations equipped with electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas can further be improved. By reducing the total number of ESPAR antenna radiation patterns used in localization process, one can significantly reduce the time needed for an object localization. Performed localization measurements...
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Model Management for Low-Computational-Budget Simulation-Based Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Nature-Inspired Algorithms
PublicationThe primary objective of this study is investigation of the possibilities of accelerating nature-inspired optimization of antenna structures using multi-fidelity EM simulation models. The primary methodology developed to achieve acceleration is a model management scheme which the level of EM simulation fidelity using two criteria: the convergence status of the optimization algorithm, and relative quality of the individual designs...