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Search results for: KAZAKHSTAN: KYRGISTAN, TURKMENISTAN
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Imigranci z Kirgistanu,Turkmenistanu i Tadżykistanu w Polsce w warunkach członkostwa UE
PublicationArtykuł charakteryzuje czas pobytu i zajęcia imigrantów z tych Państw w Polsce.
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Polish FDI in Central Asian Countries
PublicationSince gaining independence, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan gradually opened their markets to foreign investors. Before Poland’s accession to the European Union, the activities of Polish investors in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan were based on bilateral treaties concluded by Poland with those countries. Later, except Turkmenistan, they were governed by the partnership...
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Trade of the European Union with the Post-Soviet Republics of Central Asia in the Second Decade of the 21st Century
Publication.The article presents the European Union's trade with five Central Asian countries: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kigistan and Uzbekistan in the two decades of the 21st century.
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Female entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan
PublicationWomen constitute the majority of the Kazakh population and, even though they live almost 10 years longer than men on average, they are far less economically active. Less than half of the female population take up employment. Women’s wages are often as much as 30% lower than men’s. The subjective reasons for undertaking economic activity as mentioned by women included: independence from the husband, low earnings of the husband and...
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Poland's economic relations with Kazakhstan
PublicationBefore 2019, economic relations between Poland and Kazakhstan were regulated by 22 international agreements. Poland has been trading with Kazakhstan since the 1990s. Overall, Kazakhstan had a positive trade balance with Poland, with the exception of the 1996–1998 and 2006–2007 periods. Polish foreign investment in Kazakhstan was not very impressive; the first investments started only in 2005. In 2019, about 200 companies with Polish...
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF KAZAKHSTAN ENTERPRISES
PublicationThis paper presents the instruments of internationalization of enterprises operating within the Eurasian Economic Union. Research contains answers of 108 enterprises exporters located in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the paper is to show the main forms of the internationalization of enterprises in Kazakhstan. The paper also presents the following instruments of enterprises’ internationalization including: indirect...
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Labour resources in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan - a comparative study
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to show the transformation and comparison of labour resources in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan using the following methods: deductive data analysis, observation of changes in the structure of resources based on publicly available macroeconomic data. During the two decades of the 21st century, both countries experienced population growth which translated into an increased number of persons of working age. In...
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GENDER INEQUALITY IN THE LABOUR MARKET IN KAZAKHSTAN AND UZBEKISTAN
PublicationThe aim of the following article is to present gender inequality in the labour market in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Gender inequality was researched by analyzing documents providing rights for women and men in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The author presented the unequal treatment of women in the labour market by examining the causes of the level of employment of women and men - contract workers, higher unemployment among women,...
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Support for research biobanks among medical students in the Republic of Kazakhstan
PublicationBackground: Over the past few years, several biobanks have been organized in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK). As research biobanks are becoming an increasingly important tool for precision medicine, they require competent biobankers who will help disseminate the idea of biobanking throughout the society and support donation for research purposes. This study aimed to assess the support for research...
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INTERNATIONALIZATION OF ENTERPRISES IN KAZAKHSTAN AS AN EXAMPLE OF INTERNATIONALIZATION PATTERNS IN THE AREA OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION.
PublicationThe article aims to show the specificity of the internationalization of Kazakh enterprises, in particular, the pace, scope, intensity, and forms of their internationalization in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). The EEU is a relatively young grouping that was established in 2015 by the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation. EEU creators try to give...
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Programmes to Combat the Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kazakhstan and Ukraine and Unemployment
PublicationThe following article presents economic programmes to combat the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysed programmes were undertaken by the governments of Ukraine and Kazakhstan. They contributed to reducing unemployment in both countries. The findings of Ukrainian researchers focused mainly on estimating losses in the SME sector, especially in the hotel, tourism and transport sectors. Scientific literature in Kazakhstan...
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The Awareness of Rare Diseases Among Medical Students and Practicing Physicians in the Republic of Kazakhstan. An Exploratory Study
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FORMY INTERNACJONALIZACJI PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW. WYNIKI BADAŃ EMPIRYCZNYCH Z KAZACHSTANU
PublicationCelem artykułu jest systematyzacja głównych form internacjonalizacji kazachstańskich przedsiębiorstw. W artykule przedstawiono również instrumenty internacjonalizacji przedsiębiorstw takie jak eksport pośredni, eksport bezpośredni, eksport kooperacyjny, transakcje montażowe, kontrakty menedżerskie, inwestycje pod klucz, poddostawy, licencjonowanie, franszyza, międzynarodowe sojusze kooperacje, oddziały zagraniczne oraz spółki. Przeanalizowano...
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Handel Polski z Kazachstanem, Kirgistanem Tadżykistanem, Turkmenistanem i Uzbekistanem w dobie przynależności do Unii Europejskiej
PublicationW artykule ukazano podstawy prawne wymiany handlowej pomiędzy Polską oraz pięcioma państwami Azji Centralnej, określono wartość importu i eksportu, wyliczono bilans handlowy w latach 2003-2016. Polska importuje z pięciu państw Azji Centralnej głównie surowce mineralne, eksportuje artykuły gotowe różnego typu. Bilans wymiany handlowej w latach 2003-2016 z Kazachstanem, Kirgistanem, Tadżykistanem, Turkmenistanem i Uzbekistanem był...
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Imigranci z Kazachstanu w Polsce w warunkach członkostwa w UE
PublicationImigranci z byłych krajów ZSRR rozpoczęli przybywać do Polski od 1992 r. Zjawisko to wiązało się z otwarciem polskich granic i ze zmianą sytuacji politycznej. Przyjazdy obywateli Kazachstanu były możliwe dzięki podpisaniu przez Polskę stosownych umów międzynarodowych, porozumień ramowych z Wspólnotami Europejskimi oraz umów bilateralnych podpisanych przez rząd Polski z rządem Kazachstanu. Choć nawiązanie stosunków dyplomatycznych...
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Internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw na obszarze Euroazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej na przykładzie Kazachstanu
PublicationAutorka podjęła badania nad wpływem Euroazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej (EUG) na internacjonalizację kazachskich przedsiębiorstw, motywowana aktualnością tematu i brakiem kompleksowych badań w tej dziedzinie. Celem pracy jest analiza wpływu EUG na proces internacjonalizacji firm w Kazachstanie. Rozprawa składa się z czterech rozdziałów, z których pierwsze trzy mają charakter teoretyczny, a czwarty jest empiryczny. W rozdziałach teoretycznych...
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EXTREME RAINFALLS AS A CAUSE OF URBAN FLASH FLOODS; A CASE STUDY OF THE ERBIL-KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
PublicationAim of the study The current paper aims to give a detailed evaluation and analysis of some extreme rainfall events that happened in the last decade in terms of spatial and temporal rainfall distribution, intensity rate, and exceedance probability. Moreover, it examines the effects of each analysed aspect on the resulting flash floods in the studied area. Material and methods In their glossary of meteorology, American Meteorology...
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WZORCE INTERNACJONALIZACJI PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW NA OBSZARZE EUROAZJATYCKIEJ UNII GOSPODARCZEJ – WYNIKI BADAŃ Z KAZACHSTANU
PublicationCelem artykułu jest ukazanie specyfiki internacjonalizacji przedsiębiorstw kazachstańskich, a w szczególności tempa, zakresu, intensywności i form ich umiędzynarodowienia. W części teoretycznej artykułu przedstawiono najważniejsze efekty międzynarodowej integracji gospodarczej, a w szczególności funkcjonowanie Euroazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej (EUG) oraz scharakteryzowano gospodarkę Kazachstanu. Następnie ukazano wyniki badań przeprowadzonych...
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Internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw poprzez sieci na obszarze Euroazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej. Wyniki badań z Kazachstanu
PublicationCelem artykułu jest ukazanie postrzegania szans związanych z utworzeniem EUG przez przedsiębiorstwa z Kazachstanu oraz wykorzystywania przez nie sieci jako metody internacjonalizacji. W artykule przedstawiono fragment wyników badań zrealizowanych w terminie 12 sierpnia–28 września 2016 roku na terytorium Republiki Kazachstanu. Kryterium klasyfikacyjnym do badania była działalność eksportowa przedsiębiorstwa. Badaniem objęto przedsiębiorstwa...
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The Impact of Spatiotemporal Changes in Land Development (1984–2019) on the Increase in the Runoff Coefficient in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
PublicationNowadays, geospatial techniques are a popular approach for estimating urban flash floods by considering spatiotemporal changes in urban development. In this study, we investigated the impact of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes on the hydrological response of the Erbil basin in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). In the studied area, the LULC changes were calculated for 1984, 1994, 2004, 2014 and 2019 using the Digital Elevation...
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Mapping of Flood-Prone Areas Utilizing GIS Techniques and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
PublicationOne of the most common types of natural disaster, floods can happen anywhere on Earth, except in the polar regions. The severity of the damage caused by flooding can be reduced by putting proper management and protocols into place. Using remote sensing and a geospatial methodology, this study attempts to identify flood-vulnerable areas of the central district of Duhok, Iraq. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique was...
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GIS-based hydrodynamic modeling for urban flood mitigation in fast-growing regions: a case study of Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
PublicationFloods threaten urban infrastructure, especially in residential neighborhoods and fast-growing regions. Flood hydrodynamic modeling helps identify flood-prone locations and improve mitigation plans' resilience. Urban floods pose special issues due to changing land cover and a lack of raw data. Using a GIS-based modeling interface, input files for the hydrodynamic model were developed. The physical basin's properties were identified...
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Urban flash flood hazard identification and assessment applying geospatial techniques and hydrodynamic modeling; Erbil city case study, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
PublicationThis dissertation aims to investigate the factors behind flash flooding in Erbil's central district, located in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and develop a methodology for assessing flood hazards in the city, despite limited data accessibility. In this thesis, each factor was investigated, including analyzing extreme precipitation events in the last two decades, including their spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, intensity,...
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Wymiana handlowa Kazachstanu z państwami Unii Europejskiej – uwagi w kontekście Globalnej strategii na rzecz polityki zagranicznej i bezpieczeństwa UE
PublicationArtykuł charakteryzuje politykę handlową Kazachstanu w świetle omów podpisanych przez Unie Europejską oraz Strategii Globalnej na rzecz polityki zagranicznej i Bezpieczeństwa Unii Europejskiej
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Współpraca Unii europejskiej z Kazachstanem w zakresie dobrego rządzenia, demokracji, praw człowieka i wsparcia reform instytucjonalnych
Publicationartykuł ukazuje wsparcie UE dla Kazachstanu w zakresie przeprowadzania reform strukturalnych.
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Gospodarka w dobie pandemii Covid-19. Wybrane zagadnienia
PublicationMonografia ukazuje problemy gospodarek Polski , Kazachstanu i Ukrainy w okresie pandemii Covid-19 oraz programy naprawcze które podjęły rządy tych państw by zmniejszyć skutki wywołane lockdownem i spowolnieniem gospodarczym.
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Hold-Up Problems in International Gas Trade: A Case Study
PublicationThe infrastructure required for international natural gas trade is considerable, which often leads to hold-up problems and supply disruptions. This study discusses disruptions of gas supply from Algeria, Indonesia, Russia, and Turkmenistan since the early 1980s. The novelty of this study is its focus on the issues related to transit countries, which are rarely considered in the literature. The results of the study classify supply...
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VERSATILE SPACE OF PERSIAN COURT HOUSE IN ISFAHAN USED AS POLISH CHILDREN HABITAT DURING THE WW2
PublicationDuring WW2 thousands of Polish citizens were deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan in the USSRdoomed to exterminating labour. The Polish army was also detained there. The Iranian Shahallowed Polish soldiers and civilians to cross from Russia to Iran. In Isfahan Polish fugitives, mainlychildren, were accommodated in Persian traditional court houses which were converted into theirtemporary habitat, where new...
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Integration of the Eurasian Economic Union in Comparison to European Union Integration
PublicationThe aim of the article is to show the specificity of the integration of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) on the example of the integration of the European Union (EU). The EEU is a relatively young grouping that was established in 2015 by Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation. Its creators try to give the Eurasian integration process a different...
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Multidirectional Characterization of Phytochemical Profile and Health-Promoting Effects of Ziziphora bungeana Juz. Extracts
PublicationZiziphora species (Lamiaceae) have been used in traditional medicine as sedatives, anti-septics, carminatives, or expectorants. Despite their common applications in phytotherapy, there is still lack of evidence about the composition of their extracts and its impact on biological properties of the plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of Ziziphora bungeana, a less studied species growing in Kazakhstan, using...
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STUDYING THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING PHOSPHATES OF METALS BASED ON THE PHASE EQUILIBRIA OF FOUR COMPONENT SYSTEMS
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PROSPECTS FOR RATIONAL USE OF MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE DZHAKSY-KLYCH DEPOSIT, THE ARAL REGION
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FTIR- SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DZHAKSY-KLYCH DEPOSIT SALTS
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