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In-Reactor Polypropylene Functionalization─The Influence of Catalyst Structures and Reaction Conditions on the Catalytic Performance
PublikacjaTo unravel the relationship between silylene-bridged metallocene catalyst structures and polymerization conditions and their effect on the performance in in-reactor functionalization of polypropylene, the behaviors of rac-Me2Si(2-Me-4-Ph-Ind)2ZrCl2/MMAO, rac-Me2Si(Ind)2ZrCl2, rac-Me2Si(2-Me-4-Ph-Ind)2HfCl2, and rac-Me2Si(Ind)2HfCl2 in propylene/aluminum alkyl-passivated 10-undecen-1-ol copolymerization were compared. Kinetic analysis...
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Efficiency and proportions of waste tyre pyrolysis products depending on the reactor type—A review
PublikacjaThis article discusses the current use of different pyrolytic reactors, their constructions and operating principles regarding the yields of main products of waste tyre pyrolytic recycling. Whether one makes a larger or smaller profit, or even a loss due to a surcharge being levied on waste tyre recycling, depends on the sale of the pyrolysis products (gas, char, oil), the proportions and market prices of which differ. The cheapest...
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Pyrolysis of RDF and Catalytic Decomposition of the Produced Tar in a Char Bed Secondary Reactor as an Efficient Source of Syngas
PublikacjaOne of the technical limitations of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) pyrolysis is the high content of tar in its gas products. In order to resolve this problem, a two-stage RDF pyrolysis with a catalyst based on char from RDF pyrolysis is proposed. This paper presents the results of municipal waste pyrolysis beginning in an oven heated to 480 °C and ending with catalytic tar cracking carried out in the temperature range from 800 to 1000...
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Comparison of the Efficiency of Deammonification under Different DO Concentrations in a Laboratory-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaThe efficiency of deammonification depends on the cooperation of ammonium oxidizing bacteria and archaea (AOB/AOA), anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) and the effective suppression of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) that compete with AnAOB for nitrite (NO2 -N). One of the effective NOB suppression strategies is intermittent aeration. However, it is important to have a good understanding of the optimum dissolved oxygen...
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A Comparison of the Efficiency of Deammonification under Different Aeration Strategies in a Laboratory-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaAn important source of nitrogen load entering the biological part of wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs) is derived from the anaerobic sludge digestion processes. Sludge digestion liquors constitute only 1-2% of the inflow to the plant, but the load of nitrogen directed with them to the main stream may be as high as 10-20% of the total nitrogen load. Therefore, numerous studies have focused on treatment of sludge digestion liquors...
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Analysis of "green methanol" production from carbon dioxide acquired from negative emission power plants using CFD approach for catalytic reactor
PublikacjaThe growing global demand for energy, coupled with the urgent need to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, has led to the development of innovative energy cycles such as the negative CO₂ gas power plant (nCO2PP). Carbon dioxide storage and reuse in current industries is therefore becoming an important issue. The answer to this is the process of synthesizing methanol, commonly used in many industries from captured carbon dioxide...
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Environmental preservation of emerging parabens contamination: effect of Ag and Pt loading over the catalytic efficiency of TiO 2 during photocatalytic ozonation
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Development of UV/H 2 O 2 /TiO 2 –LECA hybrid process based on operating cost: Application of an effective fixed bed photo-catalytic recycled reactor
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Analysis of catalitic reactors usefulness to reduce pollution generated by piston combustion engines with regard to ship main engines
PublikacjaThe article presents results which indicate that the use of catalytic reactors to reduce emissions of harmful compunds contained in the exhaust gas is important in the operation of vehicle motors operation. Efforts of the shipbuilding industry to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gas emitted by the main engines have been indicated and pointed to the desirability of the use of these catalysts in maritime transport. It has been pointed...
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TiO2 nanotube arrays-based reactor for photocatalytic oxidation of parabens mixtures in ultrapure water: Effects of photocatalyst properties, operational parameters and light source
PublikacjaSelf-organized TiO2 nanotubes as immobilized photocatalysts were evaluated in detail for the photocatalytic degradation of parabens mixtures from ultrapure water. This kind of approach can be a very suitable option for emerging contaminants degradation considering the possibility of the catalyst reuse and recovery which will be simpler than when catalytic powders are used. The anodization method was applied for the TiO2 nanotubes...
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Stone cutting industry waste-supported zinc oxide nanostructures for ultrasonic assisted decomposition of an anti-inflammatory non-steroidal pharmaceutical compound
PublikacjaPowdered stone waste (PSW) obtained from a stone cutting industrial unit was applied as support for the immobilization of nano-sized ZnO to be utilized as an effective catalyst for the catalytic conversion of acetaminophen (ACE) under ultrasonication. The incorporation of ZnO nanostructures into PSW structure enhanced the specific surface area and pore volume of the as-prepared nanocompound. The change in the value of zero point...
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Sulfammox process_task 1
Dane BadawczeAnaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria have a more comprehensive metabolism thanexpected - there may be other electron acceptors that oxidize ammonium nitrogen under anaerobicconditions, in addition to the well-known nitrite nitrogen, one of which is sulfate in the sulfammoxprocess. Sulfate-containing compounds are part of the medium for the anammox process,...
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Mathematical modeling of hydrogen production performance in thermocatalytic reactor based on the intermetallic phase of Ni3Al
PublikacjaThe main goal of the following work is to adjust mathematical modelling for mass transfer, to specific conditions resulting from presence of chemical surface reactions in the flow of the mixture consisting of helium and methanol. The thermocatalytic devices used for decomposition of organic compounds incorporate microchannels coupled at the ends and heated to 500 oC at the walls regions. The results of the experiment were compared...
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Electrocatalytic water splitting by bifunctional Zircon-doped borophene
Dane BadawczeThe data in the folder represent modified boron for use in electrochemical water splitting half reactions. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) play a vital role in renewable energy applications such as water splitting. Borophene, a two-dimensional (2D) boron-based material, has garnered significant attention due...
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Selective H2 production from plastic waste through pyrolysis and in-line oxidative steam reforming
PublikacjaThis study deals with the proposal of pyrolysis and in-line oxidative steam reforming (P-OSR) for plastic waste valorization and assesses the potential of this strategy for the selective production of H2. Overall, the study aims at progressing towards the fine-tuning of the pyrolysis-reforming technology by co-feeding O2. Thus, a multi-point O2 injection system has been developed to ensure a suitable O2 distribution in the reforming...
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Synthesis and application of biomass-derived magnetic biochar catalyst for simultaneous esterification and trans-esterification of waste cooking oil into biodiesel: modeling and optimization
PublikacjaThis work created, characterized, and used a magnetic biochar catalyst that is both eco-friendly and very effective. Sugarcane bagasse was selected as primary raw material for catalyst preparation, because it is renewable and ecofriendly biomass. Cata- lyst created by doping sugarcane bagasse biochar with magnetic material in the form of (FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O). Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy...
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Energy Efficiency
Czasopisma -
Neutral earthing reactor protection
PublikacjaThe IEEE and CIGRE recommend protection systems for high voltage shunt reactors. Unfortunately the recommendations do not include guidelines for the protection of neutral earthing reactors, which are often connected to shunt reactors to increase the effectiveness of single pole auto-reclosing. The paper discusses earthing reactor protection issues with particular emphasis on the detection of internal faults. An analysis carried...
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Reaktory elektrochemiczne w przemyśle - konstrukcja i zastosowania
PublikacjaZ biegiem lat reakcje elektrochemiczne przestały być postrzegane jedynie jako eksperymenty laboratoryjne lub proste baterie. Chociaż mechanizm reakcji i budowa prostych reaktorów znana jest ludzkości już od ponad 100 lat w ostatnich latach można zauważyć największy wzrost zainteresowania tą dziedziną. Nowy stale opracowywane są lepsze projekty budowy reaktorów. Modyfikacje to nie tylko rodzaje i formy materiałów, z których wykonane...
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Insights Into Hydrodynamics of Spinning Fluids Reactor
PublikacjaSpinning fluids reactor (SFR) is one of the most efficient gas-liquid contacting system with high potential of application in many fields. The unique solution of SFR is the contacting of two spinning fluids which generated centrifugal force. The aim of this study was to investigate the pressure field distribution on the inner surface of reactors dispersing element. Obtained results confirm the high heterogeneity of the field pressure...
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The Influence of Sulfate on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in a Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaAnaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria have a more comprehensive metabolism than expected - there may be other electron acceptors that oxidize ammonium nitrogen under anaerobic conditions, in addition to the well-known nitrite nitrogen, one of which is sulfate in the sulfammox process. Sulfate-containing compounds are part of the medium for the anammox process, but their concentrations are not particularly high (0.2 g MgSO4 ∙ 7H2O/dm3...
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Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Isochroman Derivatives
PublikacjaThe isochroman scaffold constitutes an important structural unit, which is present in various bioactive natural products and synthetic pharmaceutical compounds exhibiting wide arrays of biological properties. Hence the synthesis of this class of heterocyclic compounds in a stereoselective fashion is highly significant and desirable. In the last decade, a substantial advancement has been witnessed ln the catalytic asymmetric...
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Bioaugmentation of a sequencing batch reactor with Archaea for the treatment of reject water
PublikacjaIn this study, the bioaugmentation of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for the treatment of reject water from wastewater treatment plant was evaluated. For the bioaugmentation step a product containing an enrichment of microorganisms from the Archaea domain was used to enhance the performance of the reactor for treating reject water. The experiment was carried out in two parallel lab-scale sequencing batch reactors. The first one...
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The application of moving bed biofilm reactor to denitrification process after trickling filters
PublikacjaThe paper presents research of a prototype moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). The device was used for the post-denitrification process and was installed at the end of a technological system consisting of a septic tank and two trickling filters. The concentrations of suspended biomass and biomass attached on the EvU Perl moving bed surface were determined. The impact of the external organic carbon concentration on the denitrification...
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Synthesis of bimetallic Co–Pt/cellulose nanocomposites for catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol
PublikacjaIn this study, bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) of Co–Pt anchored on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) for catalytic applications were synthesized via a sonochemical approach. The electro-spinning technique was employed for the synthesis of CNFs from cellulose acetate. The thorough characterization of synthesised Co–Pt/CNF nanocomposites was performed with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR)...
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Nodal models of Pressurized Water Reactor core for control purposes – A comparison study
PublikacjaThe paper focuses on the presentation and comparison of basic nodal and expanded multi-nodal models of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) core, which includes neutron kinetics, heat transfer between fuel and coolant, and internal and external reactivity feedback processes. In the expanded multi-nodal model, the authors introduce a novel approach to the implementation of thermal power distribution phenomena into the multi-node...
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Spinning Fluids Reactor: A new design of a gas – liquid contactor
PublikacjaCurrent trends in chemical reactor design are based on adapting these to the requirements of a particular chemical process. Processes involving reactions between the gas and liquid phase in particular require precise adjustment of all parameters. The common denominator for most modern design solutions is enhancement of the mass transfer area and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Gas – liquid contactors evolved from...
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A Novel Reactor for Microwave Hydrothermal Scale-up Nanopowder Synthesis
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Multi-nodal PWR reactor model — Methodology proposition for power distribution coefficients calculation
PublikacjaIn the paper the multi-nodal Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) model called Mann’s model is presented. This models is used for modelling purposes of the heat transfer from fuel to coolant in reactor core. The authors expand widely used in literature approach by defining additional coefficients for the heat transfer model. These parameters approximate the power generation distribution in the PWR reactor core according to the to the...
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The application of Monod equation to denitrification kinetics description in the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)
PublikacjaIn this paper, the kinetic constants Vmax and KCOD occurring in the Monod equation, which describe the denitrification process in the moving bed, are determined. For this purpose, a laboratory moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was used. The filling of the reactor consisted of EvU Perl carriers. The experiment was carried out with an excess of nitrate, and denitrification rate was dependent on the concentration of external organic...
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Dariusz Mikielewicz prof. dr hab. inż.
OsobyDariusz Mikielewicz – urodził się 6 lutego 1967 roku w Gdańsku, w 1985r. zdał pomyślnie egzaminy wstępne na Wydział Budowy Maszyn Politechniki Gdańskiej, który ukończył z wynikiem bardzo dobrym w 1990 roku na specjalności Maszyny i Urządzenia Energetyczne. Zainteresowania pracą naukową skłoniły go do podjęcia badań na University of Manchester na wydziale mechanicznym i energetyki jądrowej (Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department)...
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Hydrogen Production via Biomethane Reforming in DBD Reactor
PublikacjaProduction of hydrogen from CH4:CO2 (70%:30%) mixture simulating dry biogas in a DBD reactor supplied with AC of 1.0-2.0 kHz or nanosecond negative pulses is presented. We have found that hydrogen production and methane conversion degree increase linearly with discharge power in the range of up to 50 W. Nanosecond voltage pulses are much more efficient in hydrogen production than sine AC voltage
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Mass transfer in Spinning Fluids Reactor — Measurement and prediction
PublikacjaSpecific mass transfer area (a) and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) are mass transfer parameters commonly used in the description and comparison of various chemical reactors’ constructions. Determination of these was performed for Spinning Fluids Reactor (SFR). Sodium sulfite oxidation in the presence of cobalt ion catalyst was used for the determination of a and kLa. The a and kLa were successful predicted....
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Comparative analysis of thermodynamic cycles of selected nuclear ship power plants with high-temperature helium-cooled nuclear reactor
PublikacjaThis paper presents a comparative analysis of thermodynamic cycles of two ship power plant systems with a high-temperature helium- cooled nuclear reactor. The first of them is a gas system with recuperator , in which classical gas chamber is substituted for a HTGR reactor (High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor) . The second of the considered cycles is a combined gas-steam system where working medium flux from gas turbine outlet...
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Mixed integer nonlinear optimization of biological processes in wastewater sequencing batch reactor
PublikacjaWastewater treatment plays a key role for humanity. The waste entering lakes, rivers, and seas deteriorates daily quality of life. Therefore, it is very important to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. From a control point of view, a biological wastewater treatment plant is a complex, non-linear, multidimensional, hybrid control system. The paper presents the design of the optimizing hierarchical control system applied...
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Nitrogen mass balance and mathematical model of a Structured- Bed Reactor (SBRRIA)
PublikacjaAn up-flow structured-bed reactor subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration (SBRRIA) was operated under varying influent conditions. The influent COD/N ratio was adjusted by maintaining a stable organic loading rate (average of 1.07 kgCOD m-3 d-1) and changing the nitrogen loading rate from 0.1 to 0.4 kg N m-3. Therefore, three different COD/N ratios were tested: 9.7±1 (Scenario 1); 7.6±1 (Scenario 2) and 2.9±1 (Scenario...
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A review on homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic microalgal lipid extraction and transesterification for biofuel production
PublikacjaExtracting lipids from microalgal biomass presents significant potential as a cost-effective approach for clean energy generation. This can be achieved through the chemical conversion of lipids to produce fatty acid methyl esters via transesterification. The extraction mainly involves free fatty acids, phospholipids, and triglycerides, and requires less energy, making it an attractive option for satisfying the growing demand for...
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Recovery of Anammox Biomass at Short Hydraulic Retention Time in a MBR Reactor
PublikacjaThe anammox system has been consider as an economical option for treating high concentration of nitrogen and poor in biodegradable orgaednic carbon wastewaters. This process is attractive option compared with conventional nitrogen removal because it provides a significant saving in aeration and organic addition for denitrification. The anammox technology has been applied mostly for concentrated nitrogenous wastewater containing...
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Disinfection characteristics of an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor in pilot scale
PublikacjaHydrodynamic cavitation is a promising technique for water disinfection. In the present paper, the disinfection characteristics of an advanced hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (ARHCR) in pilot scale were studied. The effects of various flow rates (1.4–2.6 m3/h) and rotational speeds (2600–4200 rpm) on the removal of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were revealed and analyzed. The variation regularities of the log reduction and reaction...
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Supervisory fuzzy control system for biological processes in sequencing wastewater batch reactor
PublikacjaThe paper proposes the design of the supervisory heuristic fuzzy control system applied to a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Based on real data records and the biological process and aeration system models, a control system for biological processes has been designed. The supervisory control system performs management of the reactor work cycle, determines the phase length, controls the sludge...
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Catalytic Mechanism of Non-Target DNA Cleavage in CRISPR-Cas9 Revealed by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics
PublikacjaCRISPR-Cas9 is a cutting-edge genome editing technology, which uses the endonuclease Cas9 to introduce mutations at desired sites of the genome. This revolutionary tool is promising to treat a myriad of human genetic diseases. Nevertheless, the molecular basis of DNA cleavage, which is a fundamental step for genome editing, has not been established. Here, quantum–classical molecular dynamics (MD) and free energy methods are used...
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Influence of operation of national experimental nuclear reactor on the natural environment
PublikacjaThis paper presents the impact of experimental nuclear reactor operations on the national environment, based on assessment reports of the radiological protection of active nuclear technology sources. Using the analysis of measurements carried out in the last 15 years, the trends are presented in selected elements of the environment on the Świerk Nuclear Centre site and its surroundings. In addition, the impact of research results...
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Removal of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaIn recent years, considerable attention was paid to the presence of organic micro-pollutants such as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) in the aquatic environment due to their negative impact on public health and aquatic ecosystems. Numerous papers have pointed out API presence as common constituents of effluents from Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). This is the result of various efficiencies of API removal by conventional...
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Numerical solution of fractional neutron point kinetics in nuclear reactor
PublikacjaThis paper presents results concerning solutions of the fractional neutron point kinetics model for a nuclear reactor. Proposed model consists of a bilinear system of fractional and ordinary differential equations. Three methods to solve the model are presented and compared. The first one entails application of discrete Grünwald-Letnikov definition of the fractional derivative in the model. Second involves building an analog scheme...
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Fuzzy Multi-Regional Fractional PID controller for Pressurized Water nuclear Reactor
PublikacjaThe paper presents the methodology for the synthesis of a Fuzzy Multi-Regional Fractional Order PID controller (FMR-FOPID) used to control the average thermal power of a PWR nuclear reactor in the load following mode. The controller utilizes a set of FOPID controllers and the fuzzy logic Takagi-Sugeno reasoning system. The proposed methodology is based on two optimization parts. The first part is devoted to finding the optimal...
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Hardware-Software Implementation of Basic Principles Simulator of Nuclear Reactor Processes
PublikacjaThe paper presents implementation process of basic principle simulators of a nuclear reactor processes. Simulators are based on point-models of processes: kinetics of neutrons, heat generation and exchange, poisoning and burning-up nuclear fuel. Reference simulator was developed in MATLAB/Simulink without taking into account real-time operation. Second simulator was built using the toolbox xPC with hard real-time requirements....
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Combinated treatment of landfill leachates with wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR)
PublikacjaSanitary landfill leachates are treated usually by multistage systems using physical, chemical and biological processes. One of the most economic and efficient method is combined treatment of landfill leachates with municipal wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR. The main advantage of such co-treatment is that landfill leachates variability (in quality and quantity) do not influence the effectiveness of biological processes....
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The catalytic activity of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and post-synthetic modified MOF towards depolymerisation of polycarbonate
PublikacjaChemical recycling of polycarbonate (PC) recovers valuable chemicals like monomers but often requires catalysts for mild reaction conditions and high conversion rates. This study explores the use of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts for PC methanolysis. We investigated the catalytic activity of amine-containing MOFs, specifically ZIF-8, MAF-6, and UiO-66-NH2, which have basic active sites favouring PC depolymerisation....
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Protection of Earthing Reactor Connected to the Star Point of a High Voltage Shunt Reactor
PublikacjaThe article presents the problem of protection of earthing reactors connected to the star point of shunt reactors in high voltage lines, with particular regard to the detection of internal faults. Model analyses for an actual system commissioned in 2015, which is intended to be provided with earthing reactors, are included.
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A stochastic approach for the solution of single and multi – objective optimisation problems of biological processes in sequencing batch reactor
PublikacjaThis paper investigates the impact of implementing single and multi-optimisation solutions on the biological treatment process in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The research is based on a case study of the water resource recovery facility (WRRF) in Swarzewo, Northern Poland. The paper introduces the adaptive extremum seeking control (ESC) method for dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration control and places it in a layered control structure....