Filtry
wszystkich: 1763
wybranych: 1391
-
Katalog
Filtry wybranego katalogu
wyświetlamy 1000 najlepszych wyników Pomoc
Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: smokeless fuel
-
Optimization Model to Manage Ship Fuel Consumption and Navigation Time
Publikacja -
Spectroscopic investigations into degradation of polymer membranes for fuel cells applications
Publikacja -
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Ni infiltrated perovskite anode
PublikacjaNiobium-doped strontium titanate was used as the anode for a solid oxide fuel cell. Electrolyte-supported cells were prepared with pure perovskite and composite perovskite–yttria–stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) anodes. Fuel cell tests demonstrated significant improvement in power density after infiltration with a small amount of Ni. The obtained values of power densities are comparable with conventional Ni/YSZ cermet anode. In addition,...
-
CFD modeling of a diesel evaporator used in fuel cell systems
Publikacja -
Solid oxide fuel cells with Ni-infiltrated perovskite anode
PublikacjaWytworzono próbki na bazie tytanianu strontu domieszkowanego niobem i przebadano wpływ nasączania niklem na właściwości tych materiałów.
-
Fabrication and characterization of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaW tej pracy, napylanie aerozolowe zawiesiny proszków jest oceniane jako metoda osadzania cienkich elektrolitów tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych. Metoda ta jest tania, prosta i mam zalety w stosunku do szeroko stosowanej metody sitodruku. Wpływ parametrów osadzania: stężenie zawiesiny, ciśnienie robocze są w artykule omawiane.
-
Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - Selected Aspects
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad tlenkowymi ogniwami paliwowymi zbudowanymi na stalowym interkonektorze.
-
THE ROLE OF THIN FUNCTIONAL LAYERS IN SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
PublikacjaWidespread commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells requires lowering its cost. It is generally accepted that to lower the cost of solid oxide fuel cells it is necessary to use metal alloys as interconnectors and, consequently, lower its operating temperature to slow down interconnectors degradation. As a result the area specific resistance of the cathodes should be lowered to sustain the performance of the cells. In order to...
-
Dynamic response of the PEM fuel cell to variable load conditions
PublikacjaOpisano układ zasilania oparty na 2 ogniwach paliwowych typu PEM o mocy 1.2 kW każde. Omówiono problem ograniczenie ogniwa paliwowego przez drugą zasadę termodynamiki. Przedstawiono charakterystyki układu w zależności od sygnału obciążenia typu: skok jednostkowy, półsinusoidalny, trójkątny, prostokątny i trapezowy.
-
Dynamic response of the PEM fuel cell to step change load
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono charakterystyki dynamiczne ogniwa paliwowego typu PEM o mocy 2.5 kW obciążanego sygnałem skokowym o wartościach od 1 A do 50 A.
-
The influence of fuel type on heat balance of medium-speed engine
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano analizę wpływu rodzaju zastosowanego paliwa na bilans cieplny silników średnioobrotowych stosowanych w energetyce stacjonarnej. Przedmiotem analizy są silniki ZS i ZI zasilane gazem ziemnym oraz silniki ZS zasilane olejem napędowym. Dodatkowo analizę uzupełniono o wyniki obliczeń wykonanych dla silników dwupaliwowych, tzn. silników, w których zapłon mieszanki paliwowo gazowej realizowany jest przez pilotażowy...
-
Dynamic characteristics of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module
PublikacjaThe paper describes a fuel cell based system and its performance. The system is based on two fuel cell units, DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter, microprocessor control unit, load unit, bottled hydrogen supply system and a set of measurement instruments. In the study presented in the paper a dynamic response of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system to unit step change load as well as to periodical load changing cycles...
-
Analysis of the macrostructure of the fuel spray atomized with marine engine injector
PublikacjaOne of the main problem influencing the combustion process in the cylinder of the marine engine is an fuel spray phenomena. The parameters describing the shape of the fuel spray are named macro parameters. This article presents the research results of the macrostructure parameters of the fuel spray atomized with the marine engine injector. The research were carried out by optical visualization measurement method of Mie scattering....
-
Reliability estimation of underground horizontal fuel tank limit states
PublikacjaFuel tanks are designed with regard to standard loads and operating conditions. The investigations of the paper show the impact of such factors as tank corrosion and other means on the variation of stress fields and deformation of the underground horizontal tank shell. The introduction of probabilistic methods allows for structural reliability assessment. While the computational time of the entire tank FEM model is high, the preliminary...
-
Performance of microbial fuel cells operated under anoxic conditions
PublikacjaNowadays, microbial fuel cells (MFC) stand up as a promising renewable energy source. Due to the ability of the MFC to oxidize a wide spectrum of substrates, wastewater seems to be one of the most interesting fuels. Unfortunately, wastewater could contain electron acceptors such as nitrate, which could interfere with the electrical performance of the MFC. In this work, the influence of oxidised nitrogen forms on the electricity...
-
Nanocrystalline doped zirconia and ceria films for fuel cell application
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono i porównano właściwości nanokrystalicznych warstw ceramicznych przygotowanych na bazie tlenku ceru i tlenku cyrkonu.
-
APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF SEMI-MARKOV PROCESSES TO DETERMINE A LIMITING DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROCESS OF CHANGES OF ABILITY AND INABILITY STATES OF FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEMS IN HEAVY FUEL DIESEL ENGINES
PublikacjaThe paper presents applicability of the theory of semi-Markov processes to determine a limiting distribution of the process of changes of technical states of fuel systems for marine engines running on heavy fuel oils. The proposed study of this process includes the components of such fuel systems like: 1 - injectors, 2 - high pressure hoses, 3 - injection pumps, 4 - low pressure hoses, 5 – fine filters, 6 - coarse filters, 7 – fuel-feed...
-
Performance of a fuel cell optimized for in situ X-ray absorption experiments
PublikacjaKomercyjna komórka ogniwa paliwowego typu PEM została zmodyfikowana w celu realizacji pomiaru XAS w warunkach pracy ogniwa. Modyfikacja komórki miała na celu optymalizację jej parametrów pod kątem eksperymentu XAS realizowanego w modzie transmisyjnym i fluorescencyjnym, poprzez minimalizację absorpcji komórki, przy zachowaniu jej parametrów elektrochemicznych. W pracy zostały zaprezentowane szczegóły techniczne komórki a jej efektywność...
-
Analysis of the Influence of Fuel Sulphur Content on Diesel Engine Particulate Emissions
Publikacja -
Chapter 4. Electricity generation from glucose microbial fuel cell
PublikacjaThe microbial fuel cell was constructed to generate electricity with simultaneous digestion of a glucose fuel by a bacterial biofilm. The decomposition of glucose resulted in releasing of electrons to an anode and to production of some by-products, e.g. metane or organic acids. It was found that maximum electric power density strongly depended on the proton transport through the proton exchange membrane seperating the anolyte and...
-
High temperature corrosion of stainless steels for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki korozyjności wysokotemperaturowej stali litych i porowatych stosowanych w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych.
-
Are Radicals Formed During Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Operation?
Publikacja -
An application of simulation model of fuel consumption in diagnostic system of wheeled tractors
PublikacjaAn application of computer controlled fuel injection systems in vehicle engines and growing demands concerning toxic substances emission and fuel consumption was a main reason for OBD (On Board Diagnosis) development. In spite of a great technological development, only some tractors are equipped in diagnostic systems. On board diagnostic is strongly connected with emission demands and does not concern other important vehicle functions. In...
-
Interface layers between electrolyte and cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaW pracy przebadano możliwość zastosowania warstwy CGO ((CeO2)0.8 (Gd2O3)0.1) w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych. Do wytworzenia warstwy użyto pirolizy aerozolowej.
-
Infiltration - an alternative method to prepare composites for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono różne techniki nasączania pozwalające na uzyskanie materiałów o mieszanym przewodnictwie jonowo-elektronowym do zastosowań w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych
-
Thin Layer Deposition Methods in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology
Publikacja -
Influence of anodes fabrication conditions on properties of solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaW pracy zamieszczono wyniki badań tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych różniących się warunkami przygotowania anody. Poszczególnego ogniwa różniły się ciśnieniem ściskania, temperaturą spiekania i składem anody.
-
Impedance Spectroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool of Degradation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Publikacjaw pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań degradacji tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych przeprowadzone metodą spektroskopii impedancyjnej. Ogniwa paliwowe zostały przetestowane w eksperymentalnych warunkach, które pozwalają na uzyskanie szybkiego spadku wydajności ogniw paliwowych. impedancja i parametry uzyskane z dopasowania widm do elektrycznego obwodu zastępczego zostały skorelowane z poziomem degradacji elementów ogniw paliwowych - anody...
-
Experimental investigation of the PEM fuel cells performance for automotive and stationary applications
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to provide dynamic characteristics of the PEM fuel cell system consisted of Nexa modules, provide steady-state characteristics of the for different values of air excess ratio and steady-state characteristics for different stack temperatures and given load.
-
Applying artificial neural networks for modelling ship speed and fuel consumption
PublikacjaThis paper deals with modelling ship speed and fuel consumption using artificial neural network (ANN) techniques. These tools allowed us to develop ANN models that can be used for predicting both the fuel consumption and the travel time to the destination for commanded outputs (the ship driveline shaft speed and the propeller pitch) selected by the ship operator. In these cases, due to variable environmental conditions, making...
-
Effect of interconnect coating procedure on solid oxide fuel cell performance
PublikacjaChromium (Cr) species vaporizing from chromia-forming alloy interconnects is known as a source of degradation in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks called “cathode poisoning”. (Mn,Co)3O4 spinel coatings offer good protection against Cr evaporation during operation. In this study, Crofer 22 APU steel interconnects were electrophoretically deposited in different mediums to obtain high packing of green coating layer. The optimized...
-
Analysis of the possibilities of using of DME fuel in motor boat drive systems
PublikacjaThe characteristics of alternative fuel for diesel: dimethyl ether (DME) and an analysis of the potential to reduce emissions of toxic compounds by the engines when running on this fuel have been presented in this work. Basic types of design solutions of gas supply and control systems, possible for use in internal combustion engines with DME supply have been also presented. The paper presents a study of the legislation and an analysis...
-
NANOCRYSTALLINE CATHODES FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS MADE OF NOBLE METALS
PublikacjaCathodes for solid oxide fuel cells prepared by the infiltration method at 600 °C are presented. The infiltration method allows to produce stable, nanostructured electrodes. Cathodes were prepared using gold, platinum, La2NiO4+δ (L2N) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 δ (LSCF). Symmetrical cathode/electrolyte/cathode samples were prepared and examined with SEM microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Despite successful deposition...
-
Assessment of Fuel Cells’ State of Health by Low-Frequency Noise Measurements
PublikacjaWe proposed applying low-frequency (flicker) noise in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells under selected loads to assess their state of health. The measurement set-up comprised a precise data acquisition board and was able to record the DC voltage and its random component at the output. The set-up estimated the voltage noise power spectral density at frequencies up to a few hundred mHz. We observed the evolution of the electrical...
-
Microbial fuel cell applications for removal of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: A review
PublikacjaBioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are considered as the potential approaches to remediate the environments contaminated by hydrocarbons. This review addresses the application of BESs particularly microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, including BTEXs, from soil, water, wastewater and sediments. Details on reactor design and critical issues are discussed. Aspects on electrodes, redox mediators and...
-
Risks caused by microbiologically influenced corrosion in diesel fuel storage tanks
PublikacjaMicrobiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) poses serious problems for the petrochemical and refinery industries. Particularly favourable conditions for MIC arise in storage tanks and transmission pipelines for mixtures of diesel oil with the addition of a biocomponent (in Poland 7%). The best conditions for the development of MIC occur at the fuel-water interface, where microorganisms are provided with a source of food and water,...
-
PCR-Based Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with New GC-Rich Repeated Sequences and IS6110 Inverted Repeats Used as Primers.
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono nową metodę genotypowania Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Zastosowanie oligonukleotydu Mtb1 5'-CCG-GCG-GGG-CCG-GCG-G lub Mtb2 5'-CGG-CGG-CAA-CGG-CGG-C wraz z oligonukleotydami specyficznymi do terminalnych sekwencji elementu insercyjnego IS6110 pozwala na różnicowanie szczepów Mycobacterium tuberculosis w metodzie PCR. Opracowana metoda może być wykorzystana w badaniach epidemiologicznych gruźlicy.
-
Evaluation of La0.3Sr0.7Ti1−xCoxO3 as a potential cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells
Publikacja -
Design of a most efficient fuel cell using noble metals and composite materials.
Publikacja -
PtCo cathode electrocatalyst behaviour viewed by in-situ XAFS fuel cell measurements
PublikacjaW pracy zostały przedstawione wstępne wyniki analizy XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy) i XRD (X-ray diffraction) nanostruktur PtCo 1:1 (20% fazy metalicznej osadzonej na węglu, Vulcan XC-72) używanych jako elektrokatalizatory w polimerowych ogniwach paliwowych (PEM FC). Pomiary realizowane były również w warunkach pracy ogniwa paliwowego za pomocą specjalnie zoptymalizowanej do pomiarów...
-
Single chamber solid oxide fuel cell - current stage of development and prospects
PublikacjaOgniwa paliwowe należą do jednego z najbardziej wydatnych żródeł energii. W konwencjonalnych ogniwach paliwo i powietrze są dostarczane do ogniwa oddzielnie. Jednokomorowych ogniwo dziala zasilane mieszanina paliwa i powietrza. W pracy przedstawiono obecny stan i perspektywy dlaszego rozwoju jednokomorowych tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych.
-
A grey box model of glucose fermentation and syntrophic oxidation in microbial fuel cells
PublikacjaIn this work, the fermentative and oxidative processes taking place in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) fed with glucose were studied and modeled. The model accounting for the bioelectrochemical processes was based on ordinary, Monod-type differential equations. The model parameters were estimated using experimental results obtained from three H-type MFCs operated at open or closed circuits and fed with glucose or ethanol. The experimental...
-
Spray pyrolysis of doped-ceria barrier layers for solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaGadolinium doped ceria (Ce0.8Gd0.2O2 − x-CGO) layer fabricated by spray pyrolysis is investigated as the diffusion barrier for solid oxide fuel cell. It is deposited between the La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 − δ cathode and the yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte to mitigate harmful interdiffusion of elements. The parameters of the fabrication process are linked to the measured area specific resistances of the symmetrical cells and the efficiency...
-
Investigating Fuel Injection Strategies to Enhance Ship Energy Efficiency in Wave Conditions
PublikacjaThe prediction of fuel consumption and resulting transportation costs is a crucial stage in ship design, particularly for conditions involving motion in waves. This study investigates the real-time fuel consumption of a container ship when sailing in waves. The overall ship performance is evaluated using a novel non-linear coupled hull-engine-propeller interaction model. A series of towing tank experiments for hull resistance in...
-
Experimental review of the performances of protective coatings for interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaFerritic stainless steel interconnects are used in solid oxide fuel cells; however, coatings are required to improve their performance. Although several types of coatings have been proposed, they have been scarcely investigated under similar conditions. This study compares the characteristics of uncoated Crofer 22 APU and eight different coatings on Crofer 22 APU for up to 3000 h at 800 ◦C. The coatings were deposited at various...
-
A XAS study of a highly diluted Pt electrocatalyst operating in PEM fuel cells
PublikacjaWe present an X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study of a low Pt content catalyst layer(Pt loading 0.1 mg c2) operating at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC). This catalyst is based on the use of a mesoporous inorganic matrix as a support forthe catalyst Pt nanoparticles. Due to the high Pt dilution, in situ measurements of itsstructural properties by XAS are challenging and suitable experimental strategies...
-
High temperature oxidation of porous alloys for solid oxide fuel cell applications
PublikacjaW pracy proszki PI600, 317L i 430L stali użyto do przygotowania porowatych metalowych podłoży dla tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych. Po spiekaniu w różnych temperaturach oceniana była ich porowatość i wysokotemperaturową odporność na korozję. Cykliczna analiza termograwimetryczna, dyfraktometria rentgenowska i obrazów SEM były używane do opisu właściwości tych porowatych stopów. Właściwości elektryczne badano dla wybranych próbek. Wpływ...
-
Composite materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - various ways of preparation and application
PublikacjaWykonano przeglad mozliwosci zastosowania materialow kompozytowych w wysokotemperaturowych tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych oraz scharakeryzowano najbardziej popularne metody wytwarzania i nakladania tego typu materialow.
-
Operando EPR Study of Radical Formation in Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Publikacja -
CeCu2O4 as a functional layer on solid oxide fuel cells for synthetic biogas reforming
PublikacjaSolid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are one of the most promising electrochemical devices, which can convert chemical energy to the electrical energy these days. Their ability to work with different kind of fuel makes them noteworthy. SOFC can work with biogas. The problem arises when solid carbon starts to be deposited in anode. That leads to degradation of fuel cell. Simple solution is to apply catalytic functional layer, which is...